Korean Arabic Arabic Literature Society

This research deals with the two styles of news and composition in Ibn Zuraiq Al-Baghdadi’s poem (Do not torture him); These two styles are the pillars of Arabic speech and the basis of its discourse, and each of them has linguistic, grammatical, stylistic, and rhetorical characteristics that distinguish it from the other. In this research, we will discuss the definition of the two styles in language and terminology, and provide a brief overview of the poet mentioned in our research. Then we will move on to mention the declarative places, as well as the constructional ones, and how Ibn Zuraiq al-Baghdadi used them in each place, and the reasons for his use of each style. And exploring the aesthetics of all of the above to conclude a set of results in which we mention the aesthetics of each style in poetic discourse, and the extent of this poet’s ability to employ methods to attract the recipient’s attention towards what he presented. The aim of the study is to highlight the stylistic and rhetorical features of the two styles as well, and to work on analyzing the aforementioned verses, including predicates or constructions. It should be noted that there are verses that contain both styles, so we will analyze the style in which we see the appropriate or strongest significance, even though we have analyzed the two styles in a way that we hope to It will be enough. After that comes the list of sources and references that we have adopted in this research. They are diverse sources and references, including traditional, rhetorical, grammatical, and contextual sources, as well as the books of hadith scholars due to their importance in rhetorical and contextual studies.

يتناول البحثُ الخطابَ في سياقات الإجراءات القانونية، فيقف على المصطلحات ومفاهيمها، والأنماط ووظائفها، ويطرح في أثناء ذلك إشكالياتٍ نظريةً تكشف عن التداخل ووجهات النظر، وقد انتظم البحث في مقدمة وتمهيد وثلاثة مباحث وخاتمة، تناول التمهيد بإيجاز مفهومَ الخطاب ومحدداته وآليات اشتغاله، ونوقش في المبحث الأول مفهوم اللغة القانونية وخصائصها، في حين تناول المبحث الثاني الخطاب القانوني عمومًا؛ أنماطه ووظائفها، ثم بيان طبيعة الخطاب القانوني بين المنطوق والمكتوب، أما المبحث الثالث فتناول أنماط الخطاب الجنائي ووظائفها. ثم اختُتم البحث بأهم النتائج، التي كان من أبرزها الكشف عن إشكالية تناول القانونيين واللغويين لمفهوم اللغة القانونية وخصائصها، ومحاولة حل هذه الإشكالية بطرح مفهوم واسع يغطي كل التفاعلات القانونية المنطوقة والمكتوبة، ومنها أن التفاعل بين اللغة والقانون في سياقات الإجراءات القانونية المختلفة أنتج أنماطًا خطابية متمايزة في سماتها وطبيعتها وأهدافها الوظيفية القانونية.

Although the spread of Arabic script predates the arrival of the first Europeans in some of the territories that now make up the DRC, particularly in the east and north-east of the country, and despite the numerous documents attesting to it, it is a phenomenon that for the most part has been understudied by researchers. During the late 19th century, Arabic script enabled Arab and Swahili traders, as well as some local chiefs – Muslims and non-Muslims alike – to exchange letters, sign treaties, and the like in both Arabic and Swahili, but it also fed religious education within Muslim communities, thanks to the books that were taken there, read, and copied. Based on the testimony of Arthur Detry (1871-1918), who was stationed in Stanleyville in the 1910s, I will now seek to reconstruct part of the local book culture of over a century ago.Dans certains des territoires qui constituent l’actuelle RDC, notamment à l’est et au nord-est du pays, la diffusion de l’écriture arabe a précédé l’arrivée des premiers Européens : malgré les nombreux documents qui l’attestent, ce phénomène reste très peu étudié par les chercheurs. Durant la seconde moitié du xixe siècle, l’écriture arabe permettait aux commerçants arabes et swahilis, ainsi qu’à certains chefs locaux, musulmans ou non, d’échanger des lettres, de rédiger des contrats, des traités, etc. en arabe et en swahili. Mais elle alimentait aussi l’éducation religieuse au sein des communautés musulmanes, grâce aux livres, qui étaient lus mais aussi copiés. En nous appuyant sur le témoignage, unique à l’époque, d’Arthur Detry (1871-1918), en poste à Stanleyville dans les années 1910, nous nous proposons ici de reconstituer une partie de la culture locale du livre il y a plus d’un siècle.

The article discusses narrative and ideological conceptualizations of Arab-American authors-immigrants who wrote their autobiographies in English, the primary case studies being Edward Said’s Out of Place, Ihab Hassan’s Out of Egypt, and Leila Ahmed’s A Border Passage. The main focus is on the language aspect – namely, Bakhtinian polyphony and hybridity – which exposes the unavoidable plurality of immigrant selfhood.