Koyasan University

Japan is a super-aged society where community group multicomponent exercise is widely implemented, yet the age at which a fixed, low-frequency exercise dose no longer offsets functional decline is unclear. We examined 6-year trainability and explored “zero-change” ages in frail older women. Twenty community-dwelling frail women (80–86 years) participated in a once-weekly 90 min multicomponent exercise program for 6 years. Nine physical tests were assessed at baseline (Pre), 6 months, and annually. Overall time effects were tested using repeated-measures ANOVA and generalized estimating equations, with planned paired t-tests versus Pre. Age-specific annual percent changes (%/year) from Pre to each follow-up were annualized, grouped by age at follow-up (81–91 years), and tested against 0%/year. Separately, regression analyses related age to annual percent change across seven consecutive intervals to estimate “zero-change age” (predicted change = 0%). Time effects were significant for all nine measures (all p ≤ 0.032). Chair stand, 10 m fast/zigzag walk, supine-to-stand, maximal 5-step length, and 10-times knee lift generally improved in the early follow-up, whereas handgrip strength and sit-and-reach declined over time. In 6/9 tests, annual percent change diminished with advancing age; estimated zero-change ages ranged from ≈82 years (maximal 5-step length) to ≈88 years (chair stand and one-leg stance). Attendance remained high (≈90%). In this single-arm community program, several mobility-related functions improved or were maintained in frail women in their early 80s, whereas reduced trainability beyond the mid-80s may limit further protection. Threshold ages are exploratory statistical estimates; controlled trials are warranted.

Introduction: Coronary artery disease is most common heart disease among people in this world. It is a preventable lifestyle disease. Certain life style changes will influence the risk factors of developing coronary artery disease in sedentary workers and heavy workers. Objectives: the primary objective of the study was to compare the risk factors of coronary artery disease among sedentary and heavy workers. Methodology: A quantitative approach and non-experimental comparative case control was adopted for the study. Total 120 samples (60 sedentary workers and 60 heavy workers) selected by convenient sampling technique. Data were collected by interview method using structured questionnaire method. The collected data were analyzed by frequency and percentage distribution. Results: The results showed that there was a significant association between the risk factors of CAD among sedentary workers such as BMI (χ2=8.58, p=0.014), types of work (χ2=45.50, p=0.001), age (χ2=18.99, p=0.001) and exercise (χ2=0.00, p=0.001). And there was a significant association between the risk factors of CAD in case among sedentary and heavy workers such as monthly family income (χ2=6.74, p=0.034), alcohol (χ2=12.43, p=0.006), coffee (χ2=19.47, p=0.001) and mode of transportation (χ2=34.35, p=0.001) and there was a significant association between the risk factors of CAD in control among sedentary and heavy workers such as BMI (χ2=19.36, p=0.001), alcohol (χ2=20.26, p=0.001), smoking (χ2=8.11, p=0.044), coffee (χ2=30.97, p=0.001), and mode of transportation (χ2=30.00, p=0.001). Conclusion: The study concluded that the risk factors of coronary artery disease is more common in sedentary workers than heavy workers. Being aware of the risk factors will help the peoples become aware of their chances of developing coronary artery disease and therefore will encourage them to adopt healthy lifestyle.

<p align="center"><strong><em>ABSTRACT</em></strong><strong><em></em></strong></p><p><em>Phenomena teenagers drug use now is often in find in social media.</em><em> </em><em>During undergo rehabilitation,</em><em> </em><em>junkies are often stress and depressed.</em><em> </em><em>Based on it,</em><em> </em><em>it would be better implanted attitude unyielding.</em><em> </em><em>The purpose of research to know whether there was an association family encouragement,</em><em> </em><em>spiritual,</em><em> </em><em>motivation with the psychological state of teenagers junkies in Lapa</em><em>s </em><em>City Payakumbuh 2016.</em><em> </em><em> </em><em>Research conducted in Lapas</em><em> </em><em>City Payakumbuh in February 2016.</em><em> </em><em>The methodology descriptive analytic to technique the sample accidental sampling use.</em><em> </em><em>The number of the sample sample about 36</em><em>. </em><em>Research results obtained respondents own support the bad 12 (33,3%),</em><em> </em><em>support spiritual bad 13</em><em> </em><em>(36,1%), motivation bad 10 (27,8%),</em><em> </em><em>the psychological state mal adaptive 11 (30,6%).</em><em> </em><em>No relation support family psychological state of </em><em>p</em><em>=1,000.</em><em> </em><em>No relation to support spiritual psychological state of</em><em> p</em><em>=0,475.</em><em> </em><em>There is a psychological motivation with its worth p=0,039 and OR=6,300.</em><em></em></p><p><em> </em><em>Based on thing over, concluded that there is a psychological motivation the teen drug users in lapas class iib city payakumbuh years 2016.</em><em></em></p><p><em> </em></p><p><strong><em>Key</em></strong><strong><em> </em></strong><strong><em>Words</em></strong><em> : </em><em>Family,</em><em> </em><em>Spiritual,</em><em> </em><em>Motivation,</em><em> </em><em>Psychological</em><em>.</em></p><p> </p><p align="center"><strong><em>ABSTRAK</em></strong></p><p class="p0">Fenomena remaja penggunaan narkoba sekarang ini sering di jumpai di media sosial. Selama menjalani rehabilitasi, para pecandu seringkali stres dan tertekan. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, akan lebih baik ditanamkan sikap pantang menyerah. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui apakah ada hubungan dukungan keluarga, spritual, motivasi dengan kondisi psikologis remaja pengguna narkoba di Lapas Kota Payakumbuh tahun 2016.Penelitian dilakukan di Lapas Kota Payakumbuh pada bulan Februari 2016. Metode penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan accidental sampling. Jumlah sampel penelitian sebanyak 36 sampel. Hasil penelitian didapatkan responden memiliki dukungan keluarga buruk 12 (33,3%), dukungan spritual buruk 13 (36,1%), motivasi buruk 10 (27,8%), kondisi psikologis mal adaptif 11 (30,6%). Tidak ada hubungan dukungan keluarga dengan kondisi psikologis dengan nilai p=1,000. Tidak ada hubungan dukungan spritual dengan kondisi psikologis dengan nilai p=0,475. Ada hubungan motivasi dengan kondisi psikologis dengan nilai p=0,039 dan OR=6,300. Berdasarkan hal di atas, disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan motivasi dengan kondisi psikologis remaja pengguna narkoba di Lapas Kota Payakumbuh tahun 2016<em>.</em></p><p class="p0"><em> </em></p><p><strong><em>Kata Kunci</em></strong><em> : Keluarga, Spritual, Motivasi, Psikologis.</em></p>

[in Japanese]