Krebsregister Saarland

Rising life expectancy and an aging population highlight the importance of cancer control. DNA methylation (DNAm)-based biological age (BA) may provide insights into aging, carcinogenesis, and cancer prevention and care. We estimated five BA metrics among 1916 participants aged 50–75 years at baseline in the German ESTHER cohort, with repeat BA measurements available for 894 participants after 8 years. Multivariable linear regression was used to assess associations between prior cancer and baseline BA, while Cox proportional hazards models and restricted cubic splines evaluated associations of BA levels and trajectories with subsequent cancer risk. A history of malignant tumors was associated with higher baseline PCHannum and PCGrimAge in fully adjusted models. Older BA levels were significantly associated with increased long-term cancer risk, with hazard ratios up to 1.67 (95% CI 1.25–2.24) per standard deviation (SD) increase in PCGrimAge. Except for PCGrimAge, BA trajectories showed monotonic, linear associations with cancer risk, corresponding to a 33% to 37% higher risk per SD increase in slopes of four BA matrices. Accelerated biological aging was consistently associated with increased overall cancer risk, highlighting the potential value of longitudinal BA measures for cancer risk assessment, prevention, and monitoring.

According to the WHO classification of tumors, neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) of the esophagus are esophageal "epithelial neoplasms with neuroendocrine differentiation, including well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumours (NETs), poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs), and mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine neoplasms (MiNENs)-an umbrella category including mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma (MANEC)" [...].

Prostatakarzinome (PK) stellen bei Männern in Deutschland (mit Ausnahme der Hauttumoren) die häufigste invasive Krebserkrankung dar. Bei 1 von 7 Männern wird bis zum 85. Lebensjahr ein PK festgestellt, vor dem 50. Geburtstag ist das Erkrankungsrisiko sehr gering. Präsentation von aktuellen Daten zum Auftreten von PK sowie resultierender krebsbedingter Sterblichkeit. Aufzeigen der Möglichkeiten bevölkerungsweiter Krebsregister zur Beschreibung der Morbidität und Sterblichkeit durch Krebserkrankungen in der Bevölkerung. Es wurden Krebsregisterdaten von 28.738 Männern mit invasiven PK verwendet, die von 1974 bis 2023 in der saarländischen Bevölkerung diagnostiziert wurden. Inzidenz- und Mortalitätsraten, deren jährliche prozentuale Veränderung sowie aktuelle Schätzer des Gesamt- und des krebsspezifischen Überlebens 5 Jahre nach Diagnose werden berichtet. Im Zeitraum 2019–2023 wurden im Saarland 207 PK pro 100.000 Männer pro Jahr diagnostiziert, zuvor war die Inzidenzrate 50 Jahre lang um durchschnittlich 1,7 % pro Jahr angestiegen. 42 % der PK wurden bei Männern ≤ 69 Jahren festgestellt, 65 % der Tumoren waren auf die Prostata beschränkt (UICC[Union internationale contre le cancer)]-Stadium I und II) und 59 % wiesen einen Gleason-Score von ≤ 7a auf. Fünf Jahre nach Diagnose lebten noch 72 % der Patienten. Erhöhte krebsbedingte Sterblichkeit wurde bei Patienten mit PK im UICC-Stadium IV oder mit Gleason-Score ≥ 8 beobachtet. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, welche Patientengruppen mit PK einer erhöhten tumorbedingten Sterblichkeit ausgesetzt sind. Um Lücken bei der Datenerhebung zu minimieren, müssen Kommunikationsschnittstellen gemäß geltenden inhaltlichen und technischen Vorgaben der Krebsregister verpflichtend implementiert und durch Leistungserbringer umfassend verwendet werden.

This study evaluated the incremental predictive value of proteomic biomarkers in assessing 10-year type 2 diabetes risk when added to the clinical Cambridge Diabetes Risk Score (CDRS). Data from 21,898 UK Biobank participants were used for model derivation and internal validation, and 4,454 Epidemiologische Studie zu Chancen der Verhütung, Früherkennung und optimierten Therapie chronischer Erkrankungen in der älteren Bevölkerung (ESTHER) cohort (Germany) participants were used for external validation. Proteomic profiling included the Olink Explore (2,085 proteins) and Olink Target 96 Inflammation panel (73 proteins). Adding 15 proteins from Olink Explore or 6 proteins from the Olink Inflammation panel improved the C-index of the CDRS by 0.029 or 0.016 in internal validation with net reclassification of 23.0% and 29.0%, respectively. External validation was only conducted for the six-protein-extended model, and the C-index improved by 0.014. The Olink Explore-based 15-protein model enhanced the CDRS model performance most, and this promising prediction model should be externally validated. Our successful external validation of the Olink Inflammation panel-based six-protein model shows that this is a promising endeavor.

In 2003, a certification program was introduced by the German Cancer Society in Germany to ensure high standards of oncological care. The present study investigated whether there were differences in the concordance to guideline-based recommendations between centers certified by the German Cancer Society and medical facilities without such certification. In this context, quality indicators derived from clinical guidelines were evaluated. The database of the cancer registry of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany was used to calculate fulfilment of target values for 14 quality indicators. Analysis of quality indicators followed specifications given in treatment S3-guidelines for breast, colorectal and lung cancer. Analyses were done by R and SAS. All 14 quality indicators showed that concordance with guideline-based recommendations was higher in certified centers compared to uncertified medical facilities; 13 of these differences were statistically significant. Higher quality of oncological treatment in certified centers has widely been discussed in the WiZen study. The results of our study support this assumption with respect to concordance with quality indicators.