Kyoritsu Women's University

液体の粘度（剪断粘度）と流動特性の概念，粘弾性の概念，その静的，動的な測定原理に関して概説した．静的な測定としては，クリープ試験，応力緩和，フォークト模型，マックスウェル模型，緩和時間などについて説明した．動的粘弾性に関しては，貯蔵弾性率，損失弾性率，損失正接，複素粘性率，動的粘性率なのパラメータの物理的意味について説明し，食品ハイドロコロイドの分類法に関して述べた．また，ゾル－ゲル転移に関するWinter-Chambonの理論，剪断粘度と複素粘性率を関係づけるCox-Merzの経験則について説明した．最後に食品工学へのレオロジーの応用の1例として，食品ハイドロコロイドの嚥下特性とレオロジーに関する研究の一部を紹介した．

The article analyses the historical development and current status of foreign and Japanese literature in Japanese language textbooks in the Japanese education system, focusing on the decreasing inclusion of world literature content. After the World War II reforms, a licensing system was introduced that allowed private publishers to publish textbooks that conformed to curriculum guidelines. These guidelines were revised several times, changing the content of textbooks and educational priorities over the decades. The early Japanese textbooks of the post-war period notably contained foreign literature from the canon of world literature, reflecting Japan’s desire to reconnect with the global community. However, as the curriculum evolved, the proportion of foreign literature content gradually declined, dropping from over 20% in the early post-war period to less than 3% in the latest guidelines. Today, the Japanese high school curriculum has further reduced the study of literature, with compulsory subjects focusing on language skills rather than the study of literature. Notably, the inclusion of authors who write mainly in Japanese but have an international background has replaced traditional foreign literature in today’s textbooks, and presents Japan’s cultural diversity within the Japanese literary scene. The responsibility for teaching world literature is increasingly falling to universities, where a more comprehensive humanities curriculum can provide Japanese students with a broader global perspective on literature and knowledge of world literature.

Crush syndrome, which frequently occurs in earthquake disasters, often leads to rhabdomyolysis induced acute kidney injury (RIAKI). Recent findings indicate that systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) exacerbates muscle collapse, contributing to RIAKI. The purpose of this study is to investigate the involvement of multiple site inflammation, including intraperitoneal, in crush syndrome. In a mouse model of RIAKI, elevated levels of inflammatory mediators such as TNFα, IL-6, myoglobin, and dsDNA were observed in serum and the peritoneal cavity, peaking earlier in the intraperitoneal cavity than in serum or urine. Our previously developed novel peptide inhibiting leukocyte extracellular traps was administered intraperitoneally and blocked all of these mediators in the intraperitoneal cavity and serum, ameliorating muscle damage and consequent RIAKI. Although further studies are needed to determine whether intraperitoneal inflammation associated with muscle collapse can lead to systemic inflammation, resulting in more severe and prolonged muscle damage and renal injury, early suppression of multiple site inflammation, including intraperitoneal, might be an effective therapeutic target.

ABSTRACT The purpose of this special issue dedicated to the current realities of East Asian global universities is to consider the future of the internationalization higher education in the region and beyond as the world grapples with the precarious balancing act of international cooperation and national competition. Collectively, the eight articles paint a picture of a region undergoing redefinition of their ideals and objectives for institutional internationalization and transforming their mission in alignment with emerging global governance frameworks, with a focus on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). To understand the nature of global universities in East Asia, it is important to review the changes in the international dimension of higher education and how global governance and nation-statehood contributes to their mission. Given the prominent role higher education play in national development in a globalized world, this special issue is at the heart of the coming of age of the East Asian Cosmopolitan Nation-State University, grounded in the theoretical and contextual foundations of internationalization, providing a review of its theoretical and contextual foundations centered upon institutional transformation through internationalization, global governance, and nation-statehood.

【目的】サイクロデキストリン（以下CD）には，構成するグルコース数によってα-CD，β-CD，γ-CDのタイプが存在する．環状内部に食品成分を包接させることができるため，その食品成分の安定化や，苦渋味物質をマスキングさせる素材として広く利用されている．CDの消化性に関する知見はいくつかの先行研究によって報告されているが，3種のCDについて腸内発酵性の観点から比較検討した例は少ない．本研究ではラットを用いてCDの盲腸内発酵性を評価することを目的とした．

In this work, we objectively compared various Kawaii fashion styles that can be observed in Japan. We compare 5 styles of Kawaii that we have collected in previous works: “Classic Retro Doll,” “Orthodox Pretty and Cute,” “Street Kawaii,” “Harajuku- type Kawaii,” “Lolita,” Additionally we also include the Japanese luxury brand Tomo Koizumi because the brand often uses puffy clothing designs. To compare these styles objectively, we compare the relative puffiness of the outfit when compared to the wearer’s body figure and we define this value as an outfit’s puffiness index. In our comparison we found that it correctly identifies “Lolita” and Tomo Koizumi as being significantly puffier than the other styles, and correctly identifies the similarities between the “Classic Retro Doll” and “Orthodox Pretty and Cute” styles. However, we also discovered unexpected lack of variance when comparing “Harajuku-type Kawaii” to “Street Kawaii.”

This book organizes the intent and purpose of the Japanese competition law (Antimonopoly Act) to address the digitalized socio-economy