Kyushu Sangyo University

Abstract G284.3$-$1.8 is a supernova remnant with a radio shell and thermal X-ray emission. Located near its center is the gamma-ray binary 1FGL J1018.6−5856, although the physical association between the two systems is not clear yet. Our X-ray spectroscopy with Suzaku reveals that G284.3$-$1.8 and 1FGL J1018.6$-$5856 have compatible absorption column densities of $N_\mathrm{H} = 6\textrm {--}7 \times 10^{21}~\mathrm{cm}^{-2}$, indicating that the two systems have similar distances. The actual distance is determined as 3 kpc using $\mathrm{^{12}CO}$ ($J=1\textrm {--}0$) data obtained with NANTEN. The X-ray spectrum of G284.3$-$1.8 shows a strong K-shell emission line of Mg, confirming the earlier claim that the SNR is one of the few Mg-rich SNRs. Comparing recent stellar models taking into account the “shell merger” processes, we find that the obtained Mg-to-Ne mass ratio of $M_\mathrm{Mg}/M_\mathrm{Ne} = 0.73^{+0.07}_{-0.03}$ and Si-to-Mg mass ratio of $M_\mathrm{Si}/M_\mathrm{Mg} = 0.44\pm 0.03$ suggest a supernova explosion that would have left a neutron star. The characteristics of 1FGL J1018.6$-$5856, on the other hand, are better explained with a model in which its compact object is neutron star. The present results, therefore, would suggest a possible scenario where G284.3$-$1.8 and 1FGL J1018.6$-$5856 are both remnants of a common supernova explosion, although further observational tests are necessary.

Image restoration plays a critical role in a wide range of computer vision and image processing applications, where accurate color reconstruction is essential for enhancing visual quality and supporting downstream tasks. A key challenge in this domain is achieving high-fidelity color interpolation, particularly for images affected by demosaicing noise or incomplete color information, while maintaining computational scalability. In this paper, we propose a novel and scalable Constant Color Optimization (CCO) algorithm for color image restoration. The method begins by extracting the R, G, and B components from a Bayer-patterned image and identifies the dominant channel using a maximum-value selection strategy. It then reconstructs the missing components across the image by leveraging the constancy of inter-channel color differences. To evaluate the effectiveness of our method, we conduct comparative experiments against four state-of-the-art interpolation-based restoration algorithms. Quantitative and qualitative results demonstrate that our CCO algorithm consistently outperforms existing methods in terms of image clarity and color reconstruction accuracy, while offering a scalable solution suitable for high-resolution image processing.

Manual passenger counting in bus services creates operational challenges including inaccurate data collection and increased driver workload. This research develops an automated passenger counting system using edge AI technology to address these limitations. The system integrates Sony’s IMX500 AI camera with Raspberry Pi to provide real-time boarding and alighting detection while ensuring passenger privacy. The IMX500 executes AI processing within the camera sensor and transmits only detection coordinates and confidence data rather than raw video data. The system employs multi-stage boarding/alighting determination logic using zone-based movement analysis and the ByteTrack algorithm for robust passenger tracking. Experimental validation on an actual bus vehicle demonstrated superior performance with diagonal camera placement, achieving 100% accuracy for individual passenger detection and 83% accuracy for simultaneous multiple-person scenarios at 17 FPS processing speed. This edge-only implementation provides a cost-effective solution for accurate passenger data collection in rural transit systems while maintaining passenger privacy and operational simplicity.

BackgroundInternet browsing is a daily activity for many young people. However, how internet browsing affects young people’s resilience and positive (vs negative) outlook on life remains largely unaddressed. Critically, how reading classical fairy tales may help mitigate the influence of internet browsing on resilience and foster a more positive rather than negative outlook on life has yet to be explored.ObjectiveThis study examines the influence of internet browsing on young people’s resilience and positive (vs negative) outlook on life. Furthermore, this study aims to examine the potential mitigating effect of reading classical Grimms' fairy tales, such as Hansel and Gretel and Little Red Riding Hood, on the relationship between internet browsing and postgraduate students’ resilience and outlook on life.MethodsA randomized controlled study was conducted using a 2 (internet browsing vs no internet browsing) × 2 (reading a classical fairy tale vs no classical fairy tale) between-subjects design. All study participants (N=412) were postgraduate students and randomly assigned to one of the study’s 4 conditions and answered a brief questionnaire, examining their resilience and positive versus negative outlook on life. To examine the potential mitigating effect of classical fairy tales on the relationship between internet browsing and resilience as well as positive versus negative outlook on life, we conducted an exploratory bootstrapping-based moderated mediation analysis with 5000 resamples.ResultsThe results showed a significant moderating role of reading classical Grimms' fairy tales on the negative effect of internet browsing on postgraduate students’ resilience and outlook on life. Specifically, when study participants browsed the internet, they reported a more positive outlook on life when they read a Grimms' fairy tale (read fairy tale: mean 5.46, SD 0.151 vs not read fairy tale: mean 3.01, SD 0.150, SE 0.213, 95% CI –2.860 to –2.024; P<.001). Furthermore, the results showed that when participants browsed the internet, they indicated significantly greater resilience when they read a Grimms' tale (mean 4.62, SE 0.179, 95% CI 4.271-4.976) than when they did not (mean 2.59, SE 0.179, 95% CI 2.243-2.945). In addition, an exploratory analysis demonstrated that the effect of internet browsing on outlook on life is mediated by resilience (effect 0.85, SE 0.17, 95% CI 0.52-1.20).ConclusionsThe findings of this study show that reading a classical Grimms' fairy tale, such as Hansel and Gretel or Little Red Riding Hood, helped mitigate the negative effects of internet browsing on postgraduate students’ resilience and outlook on life.Trial RegistrationISRCTN 16972408; https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN16972408

In precision machining of complex workpiece contours on a machining center (MC), circular arc interpolation cutter paths are often employed. During this process, some motion errors arise in the actual cutter path due to the NC acceleration/deceleration (Acc/Dec) processing to interpolation segments and the position servo control with drive axes. As a result, the corresponding profile deviations are introduced into the machined workpiece contours. In general, the motion error increases more remarkably as the commanded feed rate is higher. From the MC user’s point of view, the authors have developed a practical approach to effectively and conveniently simulate the motion trajectory of cutter paths caused by the Acc/Dec processing and the position servo control for a target MC. As a further exploration, this study examines in detail the possibility and practicality of using the developed method to improve the motion accuracy of circular arc interpolation cutter paths without reducing the feed rate, through reverse compensating the cutter path based on the simulation results of the motion trajectory. Firstly, a concise procedure is integrated into the previously developed simulation algorithm to deal with the effects of the maximum acceleration limitation with driving axes and block processing time installed in the NC system of MC on the cutter path motion trajectory. Next, some simple and practical rules are established to automatically generate the reverse compensation cutter path based on the simulation results. The effectiveness of the reverse compensation method has been sufficiently demonstrated through the verification experiments of practical machining for two types of planar cam contours performed in different feed rates. Comparing with other reverse compensation methods published, the method proposed in this study doesn’t require conducting any actual before-hand cutting experiments or introducing a new NC system with special functions into the MC, and therefore it can be considered to be highly valuable from the perspective of practicality and convenience.

With the rapid advancement of information technology, understanding the operating principles of computers has become essential for engineers. This research extends a previously developed Unity-based simulator for the KERNEL (Kyutech Easily Reconstructive Naked Educational) computer system used in computer architecture education. The conventional Excel-based simulator had limitations in representing dynamic processing, which led to our previous development of a Unity-based application that simulates and graphically displays CPU operations in real-time. In this study, we focus on implementing a system that reproduces interrupt processing behavior, a critical concept in computer systems. The KERNEL system is a model computer designed for educational purposes that allows users to write assembly code and visually observe CPU internal processing. Our implementation recreates single interrupt handling mechanisms through a simulated keyboard input device within the virtual environment, rather than using physical hardware. This software-based approach enables visual learning of the complete interrupt processing flow. This system allows students to intuitively understand program interruption, register preservation, data processing, and return to the original process. By providing a dynamic visualization of these processes, our simulator offers an effective educational tool for understanding complex computer architecture concepts, particularly the asynchronous nature of interrupt handling.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has been applied to a variety of industries, and the industry is no stranger. AI was once considered a supporting actor in areas such as CGI renderings and modifications. However, now it becomes an active participant at all processes throughout a film. from writing the script to directing, from casting to visual effects and engaging the audience ai has gone from merely assisting, to being a part of the creative process, and in some cases even leading it. This paper examines how AI is transforming the film process and focuses on the shift for AI as more of a subject and less of an object by becoming semi-autonomous with creative collaborations. And then we look at actual applications like A.I generated scripts, machine learning based visual enhancements, virtual actors, and prediction analytics for marketing Also, we think about the philosophy and morals around an AI being involved in something usually made by humans. To give a broad sense of how the rising power of AI is altering the forces of authorship, creation, and efficiency in filmmaking arts. Conclude the study with reflections on how AI will impact filmmaking in the future. And also give advice to human filmmakers on how to cooperate with AI collaboratively.

The time courses of the joint elevation angles of the thigh, shank, and foot in one stride during walking can be well approximated by a "plane" in a triaxial space. This intersegmental coordination (IC) of the lower limb elevation angles is associated with gait variability. This study aimed to examine how anteroposterior and lateral gait variabilities are influenced by different amplitudes (±0.33 vs. ± 0.67 m·s-1) and periods (30 vs. 60 s) of sinusoidal speed changes. We also examined which limbs are responsible for the step variabilities. The IC plane thickness and coefficient of variance of step width (CVSW) were quantified as anteroposterior and lateral gait variability in 18 young adults. Time delay of step length (TDSL) and step frequency (TDSF) against sinusoidal speed changes were determined. Two-way statistical parametric mapping was applied for the time courses of each limb angle. The IC plane thickness was greater in the ±0.67 m·s-1 condition than the ±0.33 m·s-1 condition. Neither periods nor amplitudes affected CVSW, TDSL, and TDSF. In the middle gait cycle, shank and foot angles were delayed against sinusoidal speed changes in the ±0.67 m·s-1 condition during acceleration phase, whereas shank and thigh angles proceeded in that condition during deceleration phase. Amplitude of sinusoidal speed changes increased anteroposterior, but not lateral, gait variability regardless of period. Distal and proximal limbs are controlled differently when continuous step adjustments are required, and this may be attributed to step variabilities.

Removal or addition of just a few particles for closed-shell nuclei may lead to dramatic shape changes. Recent experiments have reported several notable observations beyond $Z=82$. Remarkably, the fascinating phenomena, such as prompt onset in deformation in Po isotopes and large odd-even shape staggering in Bi isotopes, all happen in the neutron midshell. A theoretical understanding of all these data in a unified fashion is still missing. Here, we apply the PMMU shell model based on the Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov plus generator coordinate method in a large model space of $(1{h}_{11/2},1{h}_{9/2},2{f}_{7/2},1{i}_{13/2},3{p}_{3/2},2{f}_{5/2},3{p}_{1/2},2{g}_{9/2})$. On the basis of good reproduction of the data, we suggest that the physical origin to drive these phenomena is the cooperative effect of the isoscalar monopole interaction between $1{h}_{9/2}$ and $1{i}_{13/2}$ and two quasi-SU(3) quadrupole interactions in the proton $(1{h}_{11/2},$ $2{f}_{7/2})$ and in the neutron $(1{i}_{13/2},$ $2{g}_{9/2})$ orbits.

Spinopelvic abnormalities have been reported to be a risk factor for dislocation after total hip arthroplasty (THA). This study aimed to compare the kinematics of the pelvis and hip joints in patients with and without spinopelvic abnormalities after THA and to elucidate dynamic forward-leaning movement during chair-rising, which are not detectable through static radiographs. This case series included 108 hips that underwent dynamic anteroposterior radiographic imaging of the sit-to-stand motion after THA. The average age at surgery was 68 ± 10 years, with 95 hips (88%) in women (average body mass index, 23.5 ± 3.2 kg/m2). Kinematic analysis was performed to measure the anterior pelvic plane angle (APPa) and hip flexion/extension angles from seated to standing positions using model-image registration techniques. Pelvic incidence (PI) and lumbar lordosis (LL) were measured to calculate PI-LL. Flatback deformity was present in 45 hips (42%) and stiff spinopelvic mobility (SPM) in 35 hips (32%), with both deformities present in 21 hips (19%). The pelvis was consistently significantly posteriorly tilted in the flatback deformity group throughout the movement compared with the normal group, with the greatest difference observed in the standing position. The hip flexion angles in the flatback deformity group showed significant extension in the standing position (7° greater than that in the normal group). For stiff SPM, a significant posterior tilt in the standing position was observed. Accordingly, the range between the maximum hip flexion and extension was 13° greater. There was no significant difference between the maximal flexion and extension centers. Patients with flatback deformities consistently exhibited posterior APPa, especially when standing. In stiff SPM, a large range of hip flexion and extension while chair-rising increased the risk of impingement, indicating the necessity for a wider range of motion without changing the target orientation. These findings highlight the importance of considering spinopelvic alignment when planning cup positioning in THA to minimize the risk of dislocation. Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.