Le Loch Healthcare (Poland)

Background: Digital workflows have transformed orthognathic surgery by enabling three-dimensional virtual surgical planning (VSP) and, more recently, artificial-intelligence-based predictive modeling. While skeletal accuracy has improved substantially, the clinical value of these tools increasingly depends on their ability to predict soft-tissue outcomes and support complex treatment decisions. Methods: This narrative review synthesizes evidence from 20 peer-reviewed studies, including systematic reviews, clinical cohorts, and machine-learning validations, to evaluate (i) the accuracy of digital patient modeling and VSP transfer, (ii) the performance of predictive models for postoperative outcomes and diagnostic classification, and (iii) associated ethical and governance considerations. Results: Automated craniofacial and dental modeling achieves submillimetric to low-millimetric accuracy, with landmark localization errors typically ≤2 mm and dental landmark errors near 0.4 mm. Clinical cohorts demonstrate that VSP transfers to surgery with mean translational deviations well below 2 mm in all planes. Predictive models estimate soft-tissue and aesthetic outcomes within clinically meaningful error margins and classify the need for orthognathic surgery with AUC values up to ~0.9 in high-risk malocclusion groups. Conclusions: Digital planning in orthognathic surgery has evolved into a precision-oriented, data-driven framework. When combined with predictive modeling and appropriate ethical governance, these technologies can enhance accuracy, personalize treatment strategies, and reduce diagnostic uncertainty, particularly in borderline and asymmetric cases.

In current health examination setting, people frequently undergo heart rate variability (HRV) analysis and colonoscopy on the same day. However, it remains unclear whether the bowel preparation before colonoscopy affects HRV. This study aimed to evaluate the association between HRV and bowel preparation.We conducted a cross-sectional observational study of 1755 people from January 2012 to December 2013 in Taipei, Taiwan. The participants, aged 45 to 65 years, received health examinations that included a physical examination, blood tests, and an HRV analysis. Among these people, 1099 additionally received a colonoscopy on the same day and underwent bowel preparation 1 day before the colonoscopy. The association between HRV and bowel preparation was derived by a multivariable linear regression with adjusted confounding factors.Bowel preparation was associated with a lower standard deviation of the normal-to-normal intervals (SDNN), the root mean square of the successive differences (RMSSD), low-frequency power (LF), and high-frequency power (HF) (all P < 0.0001). After adjusting confounding factors, bowel preparation remained correlated with lower SDNN, RMSSD, LF, and HF (all P < 0.0001). Higher serum phosphorus and lower serum potassium levels were noted in the bowel preparation group (P < 0.0001), and an association between lower HRV and higher serum phosphorus and lower serum potassium levels was only noted in the bowel preparation group.Bowel preparation was significantly associated with lower HRV. The underlying mechanism may be related to an electrolyte imbalance. Cautions may be needed when interpreting HRV reports for people receiving bowel preparations before colonoscopy.