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The article examines criminological patterns of illicit cross-border movement of radioactive and nuclear-related materials involving Kazakhstan. The study triangulates 1) 27 publicly documented criminal cases (2015–2024), 2) unified register of pre-trial investigations (URPI) for the relevant Criminal Code provisions (2015–2024, disaggregated by year and region) and 3) international incident reporting and guidance documents used as a comparative benchmark. Methods include descriptive statistics, role-based criminological coding (offender roles, opportunity structures, detection pathways, and recurrence), and comparative legal analysis of sanctions and qualifying elements. The results indicate a stable «double-flow» risk: 1) episodic trafficking of sealed sources/uranium concentrates and 2) mixed channels where radioactive items appear alongside other contraband. The sample shows a recurring functional triad – collector, courier, and intermediary – suggesting networked offending rather than isolated opportunistic behavior. Uneven detection capacity and fragmented data exchange remain the most consistent enabling conditions. Sentencing practice, including repeated use of non-custodial measures in cross-border contexts, does not provide a convincing deterrent signal for high-consequence materials. The paper contributes 1) a Kazakhstan-focused criminological typology and role model for cross-border cases, 2) a structured «method → evidence → output» framework for replication, and 3) an implementable prevention package (graded approach in law, integrated data platform, and border-capability modernization roadmap for 2025–2027).

Based on the analysis of the causes and trends of the spread of terrorist, extremist and other destructive ideology in modern conditions, a comprehensive description of deradicalization as an object of legal regulation in the legislation of the member states of the Commonwealth of Independent States has been formed. Based on the results of the analysis, the specific directions of the development of the national legislation of the member states of the Commonwealth of Independent States, as well as the priority directions of their international cooperation in the field under consideration, are substantiated.

Abstract In the 25th of February 2024, four years since the first Act of Legislative Content of the Greek Government concerning the prevention and limitation of the spreading of coronavirus COVID-19 were completed. The regulatory production of this period is huge and has a series of unique characteristics with prevailing one the use of means of extraordinary legislation as foreseen in the Greek Constitution. All these measures are presented in a consolidated form in the “Special Administrative Codification of urgent regulatory measures to prevent and limit the spreading of coronavirus COVID-19 and to deal with relevant problems” under the short name of PANDEKTIS, conducted by the Department of Administrative Codifications – Raptarchis of the Secretariat General for Legal and Parliamentary Affairs of the Presidency of the Greek Government. The study of this monumental work gives rise to very interesting findings, about the way Hellenic Government handled the Pandemic crisis. This article presents the law-making process and the process of issuing secondary legislation during the Pandemic, its quantitative and qualitative characteristics with special comment on the fulfillment of the rules and principles of Better Regulation and discusses the use of administrative codification as a means of reflecting an holistic picture of the regulatory production during a period of crisis.

vi the "Hottentot Venus" in the classroom. In so doing, a literal and gurative re-membering of the past is activated within the context of the present that has bearing on the future.

BackgroundAmbulance patients are usually transported to the hospital in the emergency medical service (EMS) system. The aim of this study was to describe the non‐conveyance practice in the Helsinki EMS system and to report mortality following non‐conveyance decisions.MethodsAll prehospital patients ≥16 years attended by the EMS but not transported to a hospital during 2013–2017 were included in the study. EMS mission‐ and patient‐related factors were collected and examined in relation to patient death within 30 days of the EMS non‐conveyance decision.ResultsThe EMS performed 324,207 missions with a patient during the study period. The patient was not transported in 95,909 (29.6%) missions; 72,233 missions met the study criteria. The patient mean age (standard deviation) was 59.5 (22.5) years; 55.5% of patients were female. The most common dispatch codes were malaise (15.0%), suspected decline in vital signs (14.0%), and falling over (12.9%). A total of 960 (1.3%) patients died within 30 days after the non‐conveyance decision. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that mortality was associated with the patient's inability to walk (odds ratio 3.19, 95% confidence interval 2.67–3.80), ambulance dispatch due to shortness of breath (2.73, 2.27–3.27), decreased level of consciousness (2.72, 1.75–4.10), decreased blood oxygen saturation (2.64, 2.27–3.06), and abnormal systolic blood pressure (2.48, 1.79–3.37).ConclusionOne‐third of EMS missions did not result in patient transport to the hospital. Thirty‐day mortality was 1.3%. Abnormalities in multiple respiratory‐related vital signs were associated with an increased likelihood of death within 30 days.

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A review of this magnum opus must begin with an introduction to its author. Sir John Baker is one of the pre-eminent historians of English law in the United Kingdom today. He was the Downing Profes...