Lithuanian Geological Survey

Environmental development and water level changes in the south-western part of the Curonian Lagoon are reconstructed based on the results of bottom sediment investigations, including data on lithology, diatoms, pollen, and radiocarbon dating. Three stages have been identified in the ~ 10000-year history of the lagoon’s development. The diatoms suggest that in the Early Holocene, the southern part of the Curonian Lagoon was a shallow freshwater basin, mainly fed by run-off from the continent. During the Middle Holocene, the study area was a marshy coastal zone. Due to a change in hydrological conditions at the beginning of the Late Holocene, it became an open-water part of the lagoon.

Road and foundation deformations in modern Lithuanian construction are one of the most important problems. Constantly rising conflicts between customers and builders due to poor quality of foundations show that Lithuanian road builders do not ensure proper quality of work, do not perform the necessary road foundations and research, do not carry out continuous control of their work. One such example was the construction of the Pagegiai wind farm in 2014÷2015. Improperly installed road and crane installation foundations have forced the wind power plant to stop working, which resulted in enormous losses. Additional cluster engineering geological surveys that included a full range of field and laboratory work made it possible to identify the causes of poor quality work and to properly assess the properties of substrates and primers that are important for safe foundation operation.

Sand dunes are the most prominent subjects of geological and geomorphological interest along the Curonian Spit – a mega-barrier that separates the Curonian Lagoon from the Baltic Sea. To date, an assessment of various parameters of migrating dunes along the spit has been based on comparative analysis of old maps or aerial and satellite images, as well as geodetic measurements. These investigations have allowed assessment of dune dynamics over a relatively short historical period (~1700s to present). The most recent detailed investigations of the Dead (Grey) Dunes along the Lithuanian part of the spit using ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and magnetic susceptibility (MS) surveys, supported by a radiocarbon ( 14 C) chronological framework of palaeosols and infrared optically stimulated luminescence (IR-OSL) ages of sand horizons, have advanced our understanding of aeolian landscape evolution. The interpretation of dune activity and stability phases has been generally based on IR-OSL dating results of the sand layers located between radiocarbon-dated palaeosols. However, the influence of soil-forming processes on the IR-OSL dating results related to possible migration of natural radioactive isotopes via aeolian sand layers has not been previously considered. Hypotheses of dune reactivation and migration caused by abrupt regional climate shifts, catastrophic forest fires, anthropogenic influence, and more local forcings have been tested. An integrated approach to dune investigations has offered an estimate of the rates of sand accumulation and key phases of aeolian dynamics during both stormy and calm periods, as well as helped to extend the record of dune evolution to the mid-Holocene. The palaeoenvironmental and palaeodynamic reconstructions of the Dead Dunes suggest that this mid-Holocene phase of dune activity was of a local character and likely did not exceed several centuries.

Radars are intended to determine the target coordinate and speed. Prototype of UWB MIMO Radar System for moving targets detection and tracing was designed and produced. An electronic beam steering is implemented. In spite of High Power Pulse Generators (1.5 kV) in Transmitter the mean power is low and safe for target health. Radar range is 100m free space + 3m of forest.

International audience

In this paper is presented UWB radar with real time receiver. Sampling frequency is 2.5 GHz or 5GHz. Radar includes 1 short pulse transmitter and 1 or 2 real time receiving channels for life being detection and tracing. Robust breath detection algorithm is described.

Depuis que la ville de Rio de Janeiro a été nommée ville d’accueil des Jeux Olympiques de 2016, toutes les attentions se tournent vers sa zone portuaire, actuellement en voie de reconversion après une trentaine d’années durant lesquelles les anciens hangars industriels inoccupés avaient laissé place à des hectares de friches et de vides urbains. A Rio comme dans d’autres métropoles portuaires mondiales ayant été les scènes de programmes de revitalisation similaires, la segmentation de l’espace urbain par territoires-projets participe à un surinvestissement médiatique et politique de certains quartiers, et à un désinvestissement de ceux qui ne font pas partie du cadastre du changement urbain. C’est le cas du quartier du Sambodrome de Rio de Janeiro, cette grande avenue bordée de gradins accueillant chaque année les défilés des meilleures écoles de samba de la ville, et leurs soixante-dix mille spectateurs. Construit sur un territoire tenu pour être le berceau de la samba et du carnaval de Rio de Janeiro, le Sambodrome et ses alentours ont toujours été désinvestis de la pensée aménagiste et des programmes culturels et patrimoniaux menés par la Ville de Rio de Janeiro et son État. A partir d’une enquête ethnographique menée en 2011 et 2012 pendant les travaux du « Nouveau Sambodrome », je propose dans cet article de replacer ce « très grand équipement culturel » dans la topographie musicale et festive de Rio de Janeiro, et de questionner son impact sur la vie quotidienne et la mémoire culturelle de son quartier d’implantation.

Gravitacinio lauko variacijas geriausiai atspindi Bouguer anomalijų žemėlapis, kuri sudarant, be kitų parametrų, labai svarbu žinoti tarpinio sluoksnio, t. y. sluoksnio, esančio tarp Žemes paviršiaus ir jūros lygio, tankį. Pagal priimtą metodiką Lietuvos Bouguer anomalijų žemėlapis sudarytas įvedus pastovų 2,30 g/cm3 tankį. Tačiau geologiniai tyrimai rodo, kad viršutiniams sluoksniams būdingas labai ryškus uolienų sudėties ir atitinkamai tankio kitimas, todėl dabar naudojamas gravitacinio lauko žemėlapis nėra visai tikslus. Anomalijų laisvajame ore ir aukščiu koreliacija rodo, kad vidutinis tarpinio sluoksnio tankis yra gerokai mažesnis (mažesnis nei 2,24 g/cm3). Straipsnyje pateikiama nauja tarpinio sluoksnio tankiu įvertinimo, taikant GIS technologijas, metodika. Pagal iš 13 222 gręžinių gautą informaciją s udarytas detalus tankių žemėlapis. Šie duomenys automatiškai pervesti į gravitacinius stebėjimo taškus, atitinkamai perskaičiuotas Bouguer anomalijų žemėlapis. Masių deficitas, palyginti su ankstesniu tarpinio sluoksnio modeliu, kinta nuo +10 000 kg/m2 Šiaures Lietuvos centrinėje dalyje iki –30 000 kg/m2 — –50 000 kg/m2 didžiojoje Lietuvos dalyje. Atitinkamai gerokai pakoreguotos ir Bouguer anomalijų reikšmes. Skirtumas siekia net 2–3 mGal Baltijos aukštumose, 0,5–1 mGal Žemaitijos aukštumose ir –0,5 mGal Šiaures Lietuvos centrinėje dalyje. Siūloma metodika galima plačiai taikyti ir kituose regionuose tikslinant gravitacinio lauko žemėlapius. Be to, tai leidžia koreguoti ir kitus gravitacinio lauko žemėlapius (pvz., nustatant geoidą).