Liupanshui Normal University

Protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase (PPO) is a key target for herbicide development. To develop novel PPO herbicides, a series of N-phenylphthalimide derivatives bearing benzoxazinone moieties were synthesized. Bioassays showed that compounds B2, A5, A30, and A11 exhibited excellent inhibitory activity against Nicotiana tabacum PPO (NtPPO) with Ki values of 9.50, 17.8, 11.2, and 11.7 nM, respectively─outperforming flumioxazin (Ki = 52.0 nM). At 9.375 g a.i./ha, B2 and A30 achieved over 80% control efficacy against three broadleaf weeds; they also displayed broad-spectrum herbicidal activity at 75 g a.i./ha, with a low injury index toward wheat, rice, and maize even at 150 g a.i./ha. Molecular docking indicated that B2 and A30 formed stable H-bonds with Arg98 (2.7 Å), π-π stacking with Phe392, and sandwich π-alkyl interactions with Leu356/Leu372. Molecular dynamics simulations and Gibbs free energy analysis confirmed their stable binding to NtPPO (A30, ΔGbind = -44.50 kcal/mol; B2, ΔGbind = -33.03 kcal/mol) with suitable conformational dynamics. Overall, B2 and A30 are promising PPO inhibitors for agricultural weed control.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different physical activity (PA) types on executive functions (EFs) in children (6-12 years) and adolescents (13-18 years). Data were analyzed using Bayesian network meta-analysis combined with model-based dose-response modeling. PA dose was standardized to metabolic equivalent of task minutes per week (METs-min/week). Effect sizes were estimated using standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95% credible intervals (CrIs). Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0 tool, and certainty of evidence was evaluated with CINeMA. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023422762). Dance was identified as the most effective PA for enhancing working memory accuracy (SMD = 0.64, 95% CrI: 0.20 to 1.07) and cognitive flexibility reaction time (SMD = -0.99, 95% CrI: -1.91 to -0.06) at optimal doses of 500 METs-min/week and 150 METs-min/week, respectively. Mixed exercise significantly improved inhibitory control accuracy (SMD = 0.52, 95% CrI: 0.21 to 0.82) at an optimal dose of 1500 METs-min/week. The certainty of evidence varied, with moderate confidence for some outcomes and low to very low confidence for others. These findings highlight the importance of structured PA interventions optimized according to the most effective PA modality and dosage thresholds for improving specific executive function components. Such tailored PA programs may provide a more effective approach for enhancing cognitive development in children and adolescents.

To investigate whether acupuncture enhances knee joint muscle endurance effectiveness and time-dependent effects after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries. This randomized, single-blinded crossover trial included 20 males with ACL injuries. Participants were randomly divided into real acupuncture (RA) group and sham acupuncture (SA) group. RA was stimulated at ST32, ST34, ST36, SP10, and BL57; the SA received acupuncture 1-3 cm near these specific acupoints for 15 min. Both groups underwent RA and SA with a 1-week washout in between. Primary outcomes included kinetic and blood biochemical parameters. Kinetic variables (maximum torque, peak power, maximum average torque, average work, average power, total work, and joint stiffness) were assessed at six time points: pre-intervention and 3, 13, 23, 33, and 43 min postintervention. Blood biochemical markers (glucose, creatine, lactate, ammonia, carnitine, and glutathione) were measured at three time points: pre-exercise, postacupuncture, and postexercise. Significant group × time interaction on isokinetic parameters, joint stiffness, ammonia, lactate, and glutathione (all P < 0.05). Post hoc tests revealed significant increases in isokinetic parameters and stiffness at post1-post3/post4, and ammonia, lactate, and glutathione increased significantly postexercise (all P < 0.05). Compared with the SA, the isokinetic parameters, stiffness, ammonia, lactate, and glutathione were significantly different (all P < 0.05). No significantly difference between groups in glucose and creatine kinase (all P > 0.05), and both increased with time (all P < 0.05). Acupuncture can immediately improve knee joint endurance in ACL injury patients, with time effects lasting 23-33 min after needle removal.

Vehicular mobile crowdsensing (VMCS) has emerged as powerful and promising paradigm for mobile crowdsensing (MCS) by deploying sensing devices on connected vehicles to collect perception data. Task assignment plays a crucial role in determining the efficiency and performance of in VMCS systems. However, the large number of connected vehicles and sensing tasks involved, coupled with the implication of task information and vehicle status over time, which poses new challenges to system stability. Therefore, this paper puts forth an edge computing-enabled task assignment for VMCS, seeking to enhance the efficiency of task assignment by scheduling a reasonable match between sensing tasks and connected vehicles, and to reduce decision-making delays. Specifically, the task assignment problem is acknowledged as an optimization process with the objective of reducing the tasks waiting duration by considering the task completion sequence rationality under the task time constraint and the energy limitation of the vehicles, and is demonstrated to be an NP-hard problem. Firstly, a valid task sequence is mainly generated for vehicles prior to task assignment to reduce the collision rate between different lists of vehicular tasks. Secondly, this issue is resolved by employing a cooperative game theory-based coalition formation game. On the basis of the introduction of the coalition formation game, the switching rule and historical selection set are used to prevent cyclical coalition switching, and a convergence-guaranteed algorithm with low complexity is proposed to achieve a Nash stable solution. Finally, a thorough set of experiments are performed under various dynamic conditions to show that our suggested scheme is superior to other comparison schemes in terms of task completion percentage, average waiting time, and running time.

Pisinnocaris subconigera was first described as a rare, small euarthropod from the early Cambrian Chengjiang biota, southwestern China. The taxonomic validity of this species was later challenged due to the lack of essential morphological details to differentiate it from Fuxianhuia protensa, especially from the juvenile perspective. Here, we examined the holotype and additional specimens of P. subconigera with multiple imaging techniques, such as microscope optical imaging, micro-CT scanning and computer-based 3D rendering, and revealed the previously unknown ventral organization of P. subconigera. New findings include four short prothoracic segments each bearing a pair of biramous appendages, four opisthothoracic segments each with four pairs of appendages, and four limbless abdominal segments. Both the small and large individuals exhibit unique and consistent morphological characteristics, indicating that P. subconigera does not represent the larval or juvenile form of any fuxianhuiid as previously proposed. Combined with phylogenetic analyses, our study suggests that P. subconigera remians as a valid member of the early Cambrian fuxianhuiids.

ABSTRACT This research successfully synthesized a series of porous carbon materials with high efficiency for CO 2 capture based on orange peel resources, and achieved enrichment of nitrogen elements through surface modification. The effects of alkali‐to‐carbon ratio, activation temperature, and urea impregnation concentration on the pore structure of the porous carbon and its adsorption performance under low‐concentration CO 2 conditions were systematically investigated. The structural and surface properties of the materials were analyzed in depth using various characterization techniques, including nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms, SEM, TEM, XRD, XPS, and FT‐IR. The results show that when the mass ratio of KOH to precursor carbon is 1:2, the activation temperature is controlled at 700°C, and the urea impregnation concentration is 15wt%, the prepared sample PAC‐2‐15‐700 exhibits excellent pore structure characteristics, with specific surface area ( S BET ), total pore volume, and micropore volume reaching 487 m 2 /g, 0.215 cm 3 /g, and 0.160 cm 3 /g, respectively. The material features hierarchical pores mainly composed of micropores, and the high nitrogen content and functional groups synergistically enhance its performance. Under 273 and 298 K, the CO 2 adsorption capacities reach 4.18 mmol/g and 2.49 mmol/g, respectively. The adsorption behavior conforms to the Freundlich model, with an average adsorption enthalpy of approximately 21.7 kJ/mol. The material shows a significant selectivity for CO 2 over N 2 , with a selectivity coefficient of 6.24, demonstrating its outstanding potential for CO 2 capture.