Lotus Clinical Research

Abstract Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a multifactorial autoimmune disease primarily characterized by erosive arthritis. It can lead to joint pain, swelling, and deformity, significantly affecting patients' quality of life. RA results from the interaction of multiple factors, including genetic, environmental, and immune components, and its pathogenesis has not yet been fully elucidated. Existing treatment regimens have several limitations. Mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) therapy has shown promising therapeutic potential in both preclinical and clinical studies due to its unique biological properties, such as multi‐lineage differentiation potential, immunomodulatory functions, low immunogenicity, and strong tissue repair capacity. This article provides a comprehensive review of the long‐term efficacy, safety, and potential mechanisms underlying MSC therapy on RA, with the aim of proposing MSC‐based strategies to optimize therapeutic outcomes.

The effects of processing conditions and holding time on the direct bonding (DBC) of lotus-type porous copper to alumina substrates were systematically investigated. The evolution of copper morphology and the resulting shear strength were evaluated under varying pressures (0.3–0.6 Torr) and bonding durations (5–160 min) at a fixed bonding temperature. It was found that pressure within the tested range exerted a negligible influence on joint quality, as direct bonding occurred consistently. In contrast, holding time was found to be a critical factor: a duration of 10 min yielded optimal bonding with high shear strength while preserving the porous structure, whereas shorter times led to incomplete bonding, and longer times caused structural collapse due to liquid-phase flow. The oxidation behavior, governed by parabolic growth kinetics, was identified as the primary mechanism controlling morphological evolution. These findings provide practical guidance for optimizing DBC bonding of porous copper in power semiconductor applications, balancing joint strength and structural integrity.

ABSTRACT Diabetic retinopathy is the most prevalent microvascular consequences of diabetes mellitus that can result in vision loss. Nanotechnology has been widely used in the treatment of ophthalmic diseases. Selenium is a naturally occurring compound that has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. This study aimed at comparing the possible ameliorating effect of selenium versus Nano-selenium on streptozotocin-induced diabetic retinopathy in rats. Sixty adult male albino-Wister rats were divided randomly into six groups; control, Selenium+ve, Nanoselenium+ve, diabetic, DR-Se treated group, and DR-NS treated group. Animals were anesthetized and sacrificed at the end of study. Eyes were removed and prepared for biochemical, histological, and immunohistochemical studies. The results showed that the diabetic group had an apparent decrease in retinal thickness, loss of photoreceptors, dilated congested blood vessels in retinal layers. Additionally, a significant increase in malondialdehyde and significant decrease in Total Antioxidant Capacity were detected. Significant increase in surface area fraction of vascular endothelial growth factor, nuclear factor kappa B, Glial fibrillary acidic protein immune stained cells were noticed, and significant decrease in connexin 43 expression was also detected. Improvement in all mentioned parameters in DR-Se and DR-NS groups was noticed. Our study suggested that Selenium, whether in its regular or nano form, holds promise for alleviating diabetic retinopathy in rats on biochemical, histological, and immunohistochemical basis.

Objective: to re-evaluate the efficacy and safety of lenvatinib with pembrolizumab in unselected Russian renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients, included in the phase IV study, in a median follow-up extended to 17.1 months. The primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS), secondary end points were overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR) and duration of response (DOR), disease control rate (DCR) and its duration, as well as safety.Materials and methods. The study included medical data of 165 patients with verified advanced RCC who received lenvatinib with pembrolizumab in 36 centers of the Russian Federation from 05.02.2018 to 25.07.2024. The median age was 60 (20–76) years, the male to female ratio was 2.3:1. The majority of patients had Karnofsky performance status ³80 % (74.6 %), clear cell RCC (93.3 %) without sarcomatoid differentiation (93.3 %), metachronous metastases (50.9 %) localized in >1 organ (75.2 %), were nephrectomized (63.0 %) and did not receive antitumor therapy (91.0 %). At the time of lenvatinib with pembrolizumab therapy start 40 patients (24.2 %) were classified into International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium (IMDC) favorable prognostic group, 92 (55.8 %) in the intermediate prognostic group, and 33 (20.0 %) in the poor prognostic group. The median follow-up was 17.1 (1.5–72.9) months.Results. The median PFS achieved 24.0 (18.7–29.3) months, 17-month PFS 60.5 %. The median OS was 48.9 (18.5– 79.2) months, 17-month OS – 76.1 %. Objective response was registered in 46.0 % of patients including 2.4 % complete responders; the DCR was 92.1 %. The median DOR was 16.6 (2.1–72.9) months, duration of disease control –14.3 (2.1–72.9) months. Confirmed dynamics of change in the sum of tumor foci diameters was recorded in 152 patients, while the median change was –25 % (from –100 % to +29 %). Any decrease in the sum of tumor foci diameters occurred in 69.1 % of cases. The incidence of any adverse events (AE) was 78.2 %, severe AE – 24.2 %, and serious AE – 9.7 %. Immune-mediated AEs developed in 17.0 % of cases and AE grades 3–4 in 6.7 % of cases. Mortality from AEs was 1.2 %.Conclusion. Compared with the registration study, in real-world clinical practice in patients with advanced RCC the lenvatinib with pembrolizumab provides a lower ORR with comparable PFS and OS rates and demonstrates a satisfactory safety profile.

Based on the function and performance testing requirements of IoV(Internet of Vehicles), a design scheme of automatic simulation test and verification platform for IoV based on cellular network and real network in-loop was proposed. Firstly, we expounds the overall structure of the simulation test platform and the specific function of each component. Then we discussed the main and functional components of the real cellular network simulation subsystem. Finally, two typical application test scenarios are designed and listed, namely, remote startup delay test of vehicle based on cloud platform and IoV resident performance test of different frequency cell switching under dynamic scenario. Experimental results verify that the simulation test platform can meet the test verification, performance evaluation and troubleshooting capabilities of IoV function. It is of positive significance to improve the application experience of intelligent connected vehicles and IoV.

Zero Budget Natural Farming or ZBNF is a set of farming methods, and also is a grassroots peasant movement, which has spread to various states of India. Padma shri Subhash Palekar is founder of this technique of faming ZBNF. It has attained wide achievement in south India, especially the south Indian state of Karnataka where it first evolved. A research was undertaken to study understand Zero Budget Natural Farming with reference to Pune District, Solapur District, and Ahmednagar District in Maharashtra State. 435 farmers were surveyed. The awareness about ZBNF is quite high with the farmers. No marketing strategy is used by ZBNF producers. However, the farmers are in favor of implementing a sound marketing strategy for the ZBNF products. 4Ps of the classic marketing mix can be identified with the ZBNF products like vegetables and fruits. ZBNF implementation can be a game-changer in the field of agriculture. Few farmers were found using ZBNF technique since last 25 years. It is a highly efficient and effective farming model as compared to be the traditional chemical farming.

Introduction: The use of Hawley retainer has crossed a century with same basic principles incorporated one hundred years back accompanying little improvisation in material. The innovation of Hawley retainer was a simple orthodontic appliance yet innovative device of retention of that period of time. The primitive appliance is still continuing over a century; is an achievement in itself. This clearly reflects the intense invention of an inquisitive mind of its creator, Dr. Charles Augustus Hawley. The present article reviews the chronological events of the life of Dr. Charles Augustus Hawley and his contributions to the profession. Special emphasis has been laid on the evolution, development and clinical aspects of Hawley retainer commemorating its completion of a century.

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