Makassed University

Digital literacy has become an essential skill that must be cultivated from an early age, considering the increasingly dominant role of technology in everyday life. This study aims to identify and analyze strategies that can be implemented by classroom teachers to foster digital literacy awareness among elementary students. The method used is a literature review, involving the systematic examination of approximately 30 sources from nationally accredited journals, reputable international journals, academic books, and reports from educational organizations. Sources were primarily selected based on their relevance to digital literacy education in elementary settings and published within the last 10 years, with international references extending to the last 20 years. The findings of this study identify six main strategies: integrating digital literacy into the curriculum, modeling ethical digital behavior, project-based digital literacy, guided reflection, school-parent collaboration, and contextual adaptation based on infrastructure. Each strategy plays a vital role in equipping students with technical skills, ethical understanding, and awareness of the impact of technology use in their lives.

This study aimed to assess the opinions, attitudes, and behaviors of family physicians in Türkiye regarding mandatory communicable disease notification. Cross-sectional study. A national online survey in Türkiye. This study was conducted among 397 family physicians from different geographical regions in Türkiye. Family physicians' opinions, attitudes, and behaviors regarding infectious disease notification. The majority of family physicians (69.3%) felt inadequate in terms of knowledge about the notification system and 70.3% desired post-graduation training on communicable disease reporting. About one-third of the participants were dissatisfied with the current notification system. Reasons for under-reporting included lack of time, lack of feedback, and uncertainty about post-notification procedures. Factors significantly associated with higher infectious disease notification attitude scores (IDNAS) were receiving training on communicable disease reporting, feeling competent about reporting, and being satisfied with the reporting system ( P <.001). However, physicians who admitted choosing a different ICD code to avoid filling out an infectious disease notification form had lower IDNAS scores ( P <.001). This study highlights knowledge gaps and negative attitudes among family physicians in Türkiye regarding infectious disease reporting. Addressing these challenges requires continuous education and training programs. Feedback mechanisms should be improved to enhance physicians' engagement in the notification process. Reducing the workload of family physicians and simplifying the reporting process may also contribute to higher compliance with mandatory communicable disease reporting.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a prevalent hematological malignancy. Resource-constrained settings such as the Middle East are particularly burdened by the increasing trends in MM morbidity and mortality in addition to challenges in the management of MM. It thus becomes necessary to identify and address debatable areas of current practice and gaps in the management of MM in the Middle East. With a special focus on the Lebanese situation, the first-line treatment of the very elderly (> 80 years old) is discussed, in addition to the impact of relapse type (biochemical or clinical relapse) on maintenance therapy, the choice of first relapse therapy in relation to maintenance therapy, and the role of MRD in the MM treatment landscape. The need for realistic management guidelines accounting for local resources and expertise, in addition to the reflection of drug accessibility and cost on clinical practice are recognized.

We investigated the challenges final-year nursing students (FYNSs) and first-year registered nurses (FYRNs) face as they transition to nursing practice in Lebanon. Our purpose was to understand the challenges of transition from the perspective of FYNS and FYRNs. We conducted focus group discussions with FYNSs and FYRNs recruited from four leading universities. Thematic analysis identified an unexpected paradox that has implications for quality of nursing care and retention of graduates. While humanoids are marketed to communicate empathically with patients, FYNSs in Lebanon struggle to resist becoming robots.

Anatomy Physiology & biochemistry international journal (APBIJ) is a peer reviewed, international online publishing scientific journal. Aims to publish various articles in the field of yearlong Human Anatomy which means the study of structure and relationship between body parts and Physiology the study of the function of body parts and the body as a whole.

Spin physics had its beginnings in the famous experiments of Stern and Gerlach, which eventually resulted in the postulation of spin by Goudsmit and Uhlenbeck. The Stern-Gerlach experiment told us that the $g$-value of the electron was 2, but we now know that because of radiative corrections, the $g$-value of the leptons is slightly greater than 2, the lowest-order contribution being $\alpha/\pi$, where $\alpha$ is the fine-structure constant. Measurements of the magnetic dipole moments of the electron and muon have played a major role in our understanding of QED and of the standard model. In this talk I discuss the progress on measurements and theory of the magnetic dipole moment of the muon.