Manipal Hospital

This study aspires to analyze a wave energy converter (WEC) through its hydrodynamic efficiency featuring a stationary submerged thin vertical plate (STVP) situated at free surface level (z = 0 m). The investigation incorporates arrangements with both flat and uneven seabed profiles, and also various wave steepness conditions. To perform the computational work, a numerical wave tank (NWT) is developed utilizing the ANSYS Fluent 2024 R2 software, and the fluid interface tracking is done employing the volume of fluid (VOF) approach. Stokes waves of second-order are produced at NWT entrance using the inflow velocity approach, and the wave reflection is minimized at the end by using numerical damping. The effect of four distinct relative opening (α) and wave height (H), with uneven bottom, is evaluated and subsequently compared to the hydrodynamic efficiency over a flat sea bed. The study is conducted for four distinct wave time periods (T) in the range of 1.16–2 s. The axial flow velocity under the stationary plate is computed for various conditions, such as (a) thin plate only, (b) thin plate and a trapezoidal structure of distinct altitude below it. This research study illustrates that optimal efficiency occurs at α2 = 50%. Additionally, axial flow velocity (vx) exhibits elevated values at T = 1.87s for increased wave steepness. The findings indicate noticeably improved hydrodynamic efficiency with higher wave steepness.

Charles Bonnet syndrome (CBS) presents with complex visual hallucinations in visually impaired individuals with preserved insight. While most commonly associated with macular degeneration, it may occur in glaucoma. CBS is often under-reported due to stigma and may progress to psychiatric morbidity. A 63-year-old man with bilateral visual loss following acute angle-closure glaucoma experienced vivid hallucinations of animals and snakes. Initially concealed due to embarrassment, the symptoms were revealed during psychiatric assessment. Ophthalmic evaluation confirmed glaucomatous changes; MRI brain was recommended but declined. CBS was diagnosed, and hallucinations resolved with reassurance and low-dose clonazepam. Several weeks later, the patient developed moderate depression (HAM-D = 18), successfully treated with mirtazapine. At three months, he remained asymptomatic. This case is unusual for its association of CBS with angle-closure glaucoma and subsequent depression, underscoring the need for proactive inquiry, de-stigmatization, and integrated ophthalmic–psychiatric care.

Purpose of the Research Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and eosinophil counts are altered in neonatal sepsis; this has not been studied in early-onset neonatal sepsis (EONS). Hence, in this cross-sectional study, we compared the blood counts and ratios of two groups of neonates: 69 each with or without EONS. Major Findings Neonates with EONS had higher median total leukocyte count, lymphocyte, and eosinophil count compared to those without sepsis. PLR was significantly lower in neonates with sepsis, with no significant difference in NLR. Hematological parameters of a subgroup of 49 preterm babies without sepsis were compared with those of 45 preterm babies with EONS. The findings were similar, with a significantly higher eosinophil count and lower PLR among preterm babies with EONS. Conclusions EONS among neonates was associated with a higher eosinophil count and a lower PLR. The differences were more pronounced among the subset of preterm babies.

A teenage boy presented with multiple episodes of exertional syncope over the previous 3 months. Clinical examination revealed pulsus parvus et tardus and a late-peaking, ejection systolic, crescendo-decrescendo murmur in the aortic area with radiation to the carotids.

Withania coagulans (Stocks) Dunal is a “Near-Threatened” medicinal herb valued for its bioactive withanolides, yet its natural regeneration remains poor. This study evaluated the responses of in vitro cultured shoot tip and nodal explants to graded supplementation of Mn, Zn, and Fe in the culture medium (1x, 5x, 10x, 20x, 30x, and 50x Murashige and Skoog levels) to assess their effects on morphogenesis, antioxidant activity, and micronutrient accumulation. It was hypothesised that moderate micronutrient enrichment would enhance growth and antioxidant activity, whereas higher levels would inhibit development. Moderate supplementation, particularly at 10x–20x levels, significantly improved regeneration efficiency (up to 95%), shoot elongation (up to 5.8 cm), chlorophyll content and biomass accumulation, while excessive exposure (30x–50x) resulted in pronounced growth inhibition. Antioxidant enzymes displayed distinct micronutrient-specific activation patterns, with Mn maximised superoxide dismutase (SOD) and guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) activities, Zn enhanced catalase and GPX, and Fe strongly induced catalase, (SOD), and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) at optimal concentrations before declining at higher levels. Micronutrient uptake increased with external supplementation, following the order Zn > Mn > Fe, and nodal explants consistently exhibited greater tolerance than shoot tips. This study provides the first integrated Mn–Zn–Fe response profile for W. coagulans, offering a physiological basis for nutrient-optimised micropropagation, stress management, and ex situ conservation.