Marico (India)

Impaired growth, accompanied by low lean mass and poor bone mineralization in undernourished children, is linked to adverse short- and long-term health outcomes. Oral nutritional supplements (ONS) promote catch-up growth, but their efficacy in improving lean mass and bone mineralization remains uninvestigated. This study aims to compare the efficacy of long-term ONS with dietary counseling (DC) versus DC alone on growth, body composition, bone mineralization, and health outcomes in children with or at risk of undernutrition. Children (n = 330) aged 24-60months with WHO Growth Standard z-scores of weight-for-age < - 1, height-for-age < - 1, and weight-for-height < 0 were randomized in a multisite controlled trial to receive two servings of a complete and balanced ONS formula with DC, or DC-only, for 240days. Anthropometric measurements, dietary intake, and parent-reported measures of illness-related and other health outcomes were assessed at baseline and days 30, 120, and 240. Dual X-ray absorptiometry-assessed body composition and bone mineralization, and nutritional blood biomarkers were measured at baseline and day 240. ONS supplementation augmented growth in height and weight through day 240, with increasing between-group differences over visits (P < 0.01 for treatment-by-visit interaction in height, weight, height-for-age and weight-for-age z-scores). Energy and protein intake levels were 26% and 22% higher, respectively, in the ONS + DC compared to the DC-group at day 240 (both P < 0.001). The ONS + DC group also had a higher lean mass index of 11.06 (0.05) versus 10.92 (0.05) kg/m2 (P = 0.048) and total body less head bone mineral density of 0.407 (0.003) versus 0.399 (0.003) g/cm2 (P = 0.03) at day 240, with no differences in fat mass index compared to DC. The ONS + DC group also had better serum vitamin D and K status, fewer sick and missed school days, better parent-reported sleep habits, appetite, energy, and physical activity levels versus DC-group (all P < 0.05). Adding ONS to DC for 8months improved linear catch-up growth and supported quality growth, as evidenced by greater lean mass and bone mineral accretion. These findings, alongside parent-reported improvements in child health, suggest that improved nutrient intake with ONS improves multiple domains of child health and well-being. This clinical trial was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (registration number: NCT05239208) on 14 February 2022. Video Abstract.

Abstract of a talk presented at the V-International Mycovirus Symposium held in Gargnano, Italy May 30th-June2nd 2022.

<em>“We must pursue the objectives of the energy transition. But we must also know that the technologies, necessary to achieve this, are not available yet” </em> Bill Gates, “How to avoid a climate disaster” (2021)

Leishmaniasis is a neglected disease caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania spp., which affects about 1.6 million individuals each year and 500,000 present themselves in the visceral form. In Brazil there are about 30,000 new cases each year. In addition, the country is responsible for 90% of reported cases of Visceral Leishmaniasis, and this is more severe form of the disease. Allied to these facts, the current treatment is ineffective, contributing to the establishment of resistant strains. Currently, the treatment has several side effects and permanent damage to the health of patients, this fact has contributed to the search for new drugs against leishmaniasis. The enzyme oligopeptidase B (OPB) has been studied as a possible therapeutic target in the development of antiparasitic agents. Thus, the objective of this work is to construct the three-dimensional model of the enzyme Oligopeptidase B of different species of Leishmania spp. and compare them to each other. For this purpose, the comparative modeling method was used. In this method, the models of the species L. brasiliensis, L. donovani, L. infantum, L. mexicana and L. panamensis were constructed using the MODELLER program. Once the models were ready, the validation process was carried out and subsequently characterized, which was possible to verify a promising degree of similarity between the models. Finally, these models were submitted to the method of analysis by normal modes, which obtained a similar movement pattern, thus it was possible to verify a movement in a specific region of an alpha-helix, consequently leading to the triad of the enzyme being exposed, which may be indicative of a mechanism of action. Finally, it is expected to use the models built to assist in the development of a promising new therapy for the treatment of leishmaniasis.

Promover o ensino de Língua Inglesa na atualidade é ter diferentes recursostecnológicos a favor do professor. Um destes recursos é o jogo digital, por ser uma ferramenta atrativa que fornece sensações de prazer além de, muitas vezes, ser desenvolvida em língua estrangeira. No entanto, nem todos os jogos são capazes de fomentar o ensino, fazendo-se necessário, o professor, analisar o recurso anterior a sua aplicação em sala de aula, a fim de identificar o seu potencial. Desta forma, a presente investigação aborda os critérios utilizados pela professora-pesquisadora em pesquisa de mestrado que foi realizada na Universidade Federal de Santa Maria no segundo semestre de 2015. O jogo analisado foi o Mission US e os critérios utilizados tem base na avaliação de recursos digitais e nos princípios de aprendizagem. Os resultados apontam para o potencial do jogo no ensino de Língua Inglesa.

We evaluated the chemical composition and dynamics of ruminal fermentation of carbohydrate (CT) of pods bourdon old and white angico by in vitro semi-automatic gas production. The contents of dry matter (DM), mineral matter (MM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), ether extract (EE), total carbohydrates (TC) and non-fiber carbohydrates (NFC). Pressure readings were taken at 3, 5, 7, 9, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 34, 46, 59 and 72 h. The largest volumes of gas were observed in the bourdon old, end white angico showed less fermentation capacity producing less gas volume. The bourdon old had higher rates of gas production (c), differing (P

Do final do século XIX à primeira metade do século XX, ocorre o processo de transição da hegemonia da Grã-Bretanha para a hegemonia dos Estados Unidos da América no sistema-mundo capitalista. O objetivo desse trabalho é mostrar como a transição de hegemonia entre esses dois Estados, no plano das finanças mundiais, condicionou a política econômica dos Estados argentino e brasileiro, na década de 1920. Para tanto, utiliza-se o referencial teórico da Economia Política dos Sistemas-Mundo, especialmente as contribuições de Arrighi (1996) e Suter (1992), e a metodologia históricocomparativa da encompassing comparison. Conclui-se que o aumento da disponibilidade de capital circulante em nível mundial e da rivalidade entre os centros financeiros mundiais permitiu um aumento considerável do endividamento externo da Argentina e do Brasil, que financiou políticas fiscais expansionistas.&#x0D;

This paper presents some ideas and comments on the perspectives of Latin America and some of the alternatives for confronting and resolving their particular situation, relating to the world problem. For this, it is convenient to describe some premises and characteristics of the levels of disaggregation with which we operate when approaching the issue of global interrelations. The basic premise is that the articulation of man with nature has become increasingly inadequate, expressed in a series of "crises" that constitute different facets of the global crisis. Latin America is in need of re-evaluating its "project" in its own terms and of generating congruence between its cultural and political goals, on the one hand, and its potential in resources and its technical and organizational capacity, on the other.

Morphological mutants of cotton (Gossypium spp.) have been used extensively in genetic mapping studies and in several instances have proven useful in agronomic improvement efforts. This investigation was conducted to determine the inheritance, allelism, and linkage associations of two spontaneous mutants found in plants of American Pima (G. barbadense L.) cotton. The two mutants were crossed to the normal phenotype cultivar PS‐6 and to several genetic marker stocks. Appropriate F1, F2, and BC populations were created for analyses of inheritance and linkage studies. Analyses of F1 and F2 populations of a virescent mutant indicated that it is inherited as an extranuclear factor. Expression of the mutant is transient, being strongest in the first true leaf after germination and fading by the fourth or fifth true leaf. It is proposed that the mutant be designated cytoplasmicvirescent and be assigned the gene symbol cyt‐V. Analyses of F1, F2, and BC populations of a second, juvenilely expressed, densely glanded mutant indicated that it is inherited as a single, recessively expressed gene. Tests for association of the dense glanding trait with 13 other mutant markers produced no evidence of linkage. Linkage tests with two markers, T1 and ms13, were inconclusive. Expression of the dense glanding mutant is confined to expanding leaves and internodes, and to bracteoles. Expression is strongest in the first and second apical leaves, and fades by the fourth or fifth leaf. The designation denseglanding and gene symbol dg are assigned to the mutant.

Crop ScienceVolume 33, Issue 2 cropsci1993.0011183X003300020030x p. 347-347 Registration of Germplasm Registration of Three Germplasm Lines of Cotton R. G. Percy, Corresponding Author R. G. Percy n/[email protected] USDA-ARS, Maricopa Agricultural Center, 37860 West Smith-Enke Road, Maricopa, AZ, 85239Corresponding author.Search for more papers by this authorE. L. Turcotte, E. L. Turcotte USDA-ARS, Maricopa Agricultural Center, 37860 West Smith-Enke Road, Maricopa, AZ, 85239Search for more papers by this author R. G. Percy, Corresponding Author R. G. Percy n/[email protected] USDA-ARS, Maricopa Agricultural Center, 37860 West Smith-Enke Road, Maricopa, AZ, 85239Corresponding author.Search for more papers by this authorE. L. Turcotte, E. L. Turcotte USDA-ARS, Maricopa Agricultural Center, 37860 West Smith-Enke Road, Maricopa, AZ, 85239Search for more papers by this author First published: 01 March 1993 https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1993.0011183X003300020030xCitations: 1AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume33, Issue2March–April 1993Pages 347-347 RelatedInformation