Melentiev Energy Systems Institute

This article presents a scientometric review that quantifies the contribution of the three-dimensional energy transition, that is decarbonization, digitalization, and decentralization, to the research field of energy systems over the period 2001 to 2025. Records were retrieved from Scopus using a two-level query that first captured the general energy systems domain and then stratified it into the three components. Standardized preprocessing, cleaning, and keyword harmonization were applied. Descriptive indicators trace publication growth and portfolio shares, and network mapping with VOSviewer visualizes keyword co-occurrence and topic evolution. Results show substantial expansion of the field and a shift of the research mainstream toward the 3D topics. Decarbonization accounts for approximately half of the corpus, digitalization for about one fifth, and decentralization for a smaller but persistent share. Integration between energy transition components increases over time, with the strongest coupling along the decarbonization and digitalization axes, and a compact but growing 3D core emerges. Topic maps indicate an early policy and renewables nucleus, followed by acceleration in storage, hydrogen, power electronics and control, data-driven operations, cyber security, and market mechanisms for local flexibility.

In this study, we numerically solve an optimization problem of power generation equipment dismantling dynamics. The mathematical modeling aims to make a long-term forecast that determines the most efficient strategy for commissioning new capacities. This approach minimizes total costs, ensuring the required level of electricity demand. The mathematical formulation of the problem is represented through the Volterra integral equation of the first kind with variable limits. A key feature of the problem is determining the required parameter within the integration limits of both the functional and the constraints. The developed approach to finding an approximate solution to this problem relies on a genetic algorithm and factors in the constraints on commissioning capacity during the forecast period and on extending the equipment lifetime. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is illustrated through its comparison with the existing methods.

The key problems of the Russian electric power industry, their consequences, and ways to solve them in the medium- and long-term periods are analyzed. It is shown that these problems have mainly been caused by the liberal “reform” of the electric power industry, by the disintegration of control system for managing interconnected processes consisting of electricity generation, transmission, distribution and consumption, as well as by shifting main targets from the social orientation of the fuel-and-energy sector (FES) and from securing accessible, reliable, high-quality, and economically efficient consumer power supply to achieving investment attractiveness, competitiveness, and gaining profits. It should be noted that the problems and objective difficulties can only be overcome through applying an integrated systems approach to improving and developing the technological, structural, organizational, and regulatory framework of the FES, as well as to securing technological and state sovereignty. The main principles of this systems approach are listed. A number of top priority measures have been proposed to achieve more efficient development and performance of the Russian electric power industry, including renewable, distributed, and space energy systems, as well as regulatory documents on the stimulation of reliable and high-quality power supply to consumers and the manufacture and application of innovative and energy-saving equipment and technologies. Special attention is paid to the need for enhancing the state in managing Russian Unified Energy System and the FES as a whole, which in the former Soviet Union were the most reliable and efficient in the world. They should have just the same qualities in the new Russia, which consist in the new capabilities of technology and in taking into account the best Russian domestic and international practices. It should be noted that the development of public-and-private partnership for innovative development based on the digital transformation of the industry and the revival of the competitive domestic electrical and instrument construction industry, as well as for creating new jobs and attracting talented young people to the electric power industry, are of greatest importance under the new conditions.

In the context of the global challenge of reducing greenhouse gas and pollutant emissions from thermal and power generation systems, the utilization of secondary fuels, particularly biomass waste, is gaining increasing importance. One promising approach is the thermochemical conversion of wood waste via pyrolysis, which enables the production of energy carriers (syngas and charcoal) with minimal environmental impact. This paper presents a series of variable experiments conducted with wood chips at temperatures ranging from 360 to 520 °C. The optimal pyrolysis temperature was identified as 480 °C, yielding the highest values for the heating value of syngas (12.69 MJ/m³), mechanical gas efficiency (84.9%), and cold gas efficiency (25.8 %). It was also demonstrated that, as temperature increases, charcoal yield decreases from 36% to 27.5%, while gas yield rises from 11.1% to 19.5 %; the yield of liquid products remains relatively stable (~30%). Notably, above 250 °C, the pyrolysis process involves self-gasification of charcoal by pyrolytic gas. Additionally, the physicochemical and morphological characteristics of the resulting charcoal, including elemental composition, ash content, porosity, and surface structure, were investigated. The results contribute to the systematic understanding of how temperature affects the distribution and properties of pyrolysis products under fixed-bed conditions and can be applied in the development of energy-efficient and environmentally safe technologies for wood waste utilization.

Against the background of large-scale globalization processes, accelerated with the development of information technology, and the fragmentation of the world economy caused by growing geopolitical tensions and sanctions confrontations, interest in solving problems of ensuring national security has increased. Particular attention was paid to such components of national security as the financial security and energy security of the country, which is explained by the high importance of the financial sector and the energy industry in ensuring the stable functioning of the national economy. The interest of the Russian researchers in solving these problems is also due to the fact that most of the most severe anti-Russian sanctions were introduced against these sectors of the economy. The relevance of the challenges has stimulated the emergence of many studies in the field of development of assessment methods and ways to ensure financial and energy security, but these studies were carried out without an in-depth analysis of the phenomenon of interdependence of financial and energy security, whereas at present, achieving one state cannot be achieved without achieving the other. The purpose of this study is to theoretically understand and describe how to integrate financial and energy security, which will enable us to develop strategic solutions for the country’s financial system while considering the energy sector’s role in ensuring its sustainability and uninterrupted operation. The scientific novelty of this research is the development of a theory that explains how the national financial system functions by highlighting the interdependence between financial and energy security. The result of the study is methodological recommendations for ensuring national financial security in the context of the development of the energy industry.

В статье приводится краткая характеристика текущего уровня развития газовой отрасли Иркутской области, в том числе состав и масштаб ее подсистем, ресурсная база и объем добычи природного газа. Рассматриваются особенности и проблемы газоснабжения и газификации, формулируются перспективные направления развития газовой отрасли региона.

ance the accuracy of state of charge (SOC) To enhance the flow batteries, this study addresses estimation for zinc-brommetry between their charging and the pronounced asymmery discharging behaviors. An improved adaptive extended Kalman filter (AEKF) is proposed specifically for the charging phase. The method introduces a sliding-window cross-entropy criterion along with two diagnostic mechanisms to effectively identify SOC initialization errors and sampling mismatches. Based on the identified anomaly types, the algorithm adaptively adjusts the process and measurement noise covariance matrices, enabling dynamic confidence assignment to observation signals. This targeted adjustment significantly improves estimation robustness and accuracy under practical operating conditions. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms the fixed covariance EKF in scenarios involving the initial SOC deviation and sampling mismatch.

A computer virus poses significant risks to individual computer systems. To mitigate these risks, various mathematical models have been developed. Several techniques, including the installation of antivirus software and the implementation of preventive measures based on epidemiological studies, can reduce the impact of virus attacks. This study focuses on the reaction-diffusion computer virus model. A qualitative analysis of the model is conducted, and the positivity of the model is established. Additionally, the boundedness of the model’s solutions is demonstrated. The stability region is determined by analyzing the variational matrix across different parametric spaces for both temporal and diffusive components of the model. It is observed that the stability region expands under the influence of diffusion phenomena. For the numerical investigation of the model, three computational schemes are employed: the forward Euler scheme, the backward Euler operator splitting scheme, and the non-standard finite difference (NSFD) scheme. The NSFD scheme is analyzed in terms of positivity, consistency, and convergence, with positivity being proven using M-matrix theory. A test problem is utilized to obtain numerical solutions, and various parameter values are explored to identify virus-free and virus-endemic equilibrium states. The NSFD scheme is shown to preserve all essential characteristics of the continuous model.