Merinova (Finland)

Abstract The sugar kelp, Saccharina latissima is cultivated at low scale in Quebec, Canada and current practice involve seeding meiospores or gametophyte stocks onto spools carrying twine and transferring these to a seaweed farm site. As the stocks can originate from locations spanning several hundreds of kilometers from the farm sites, such practice could involve genetic contamination and disrupt local adaptations. Assessing genetic structure can inform of the potential risks associated with this practice. Here we characterized the genetic diversity and structure of S. latissima from locations in the St. Lawrence Estuary and Gulf at both microsatellite loci (308 sporophytes at 22 loci in 16 sites) and genomic markers (228 sporophytes at 6578 single nucleotide polymorphisms in 13 sites). Several populations had low heterozygosity values and significant FIS values at microsatellite loci. No genetic structure was found among populations with microsatellite loci but strong genetic structuring was found with the genomic data. Population structure followed a geographic pattern and was congruent with major currents. Individuals from the wild population in the vicinity of the farm site were genetically distinct from the sporophytes on the growing lines that belong to a genetically distinct group. There was no significant genetic differentiation between wild individuals living in proximity of the farm site and another wild population of the same area. Hence aquaculture practices have not resulted in changes in the genetic composition of the wild population at large scale. Our results are important to guide future conservation efforts and for the seaweed farming industry.

Introduction: CVA is one of the most expensive diseases in the Netherlands (2,5% of the total health cost [2]). Most patients are older and suffer chronic malfunctions despite intensive revalidation. Patients, professionals, organizations and insurance companies are not content with the current situation. Patients tend to stay too long, unnecessary or unwanted (patients) in hospitals and revalidation units. Aim of the research: The purpose of this research was to explore what kind of partnership and health services could lead to an effective and efficient offering of integrated rehabilitation care for (older) stroke patients in the region of Deventer (NL). Method of research: The research is descriptive and multiple data sources where used. The relevant literature was collected by literature studies on the important indicators for a successful partnership, quality demand, the influence of governance and legislation within the stroke rehabilitation. Opinions, experience and facts of partners, insurance companies, clients and professionals in the rehabilitant care were researched through document analysis, semi structured interviews and a member check. For the design of the new care process and cooperation in the integrated chain care for CVA patients the Development Model for Integrated Care [3][4] is applied. Results: An effective alternative partnership can be achieved by optimizing the complete chain of stroke care by system integration. In this way existing knowledge and cooperation relationships are kept intact by: - Improving innovation strength, by exchanging and sharing of knowledge and expertise by optimizing the complete chain of stroke care. - Cooperation of the hospital specialists, rehabilitation specialists and geriatric specialist within the geriatrics revalidation unit and expert teams to support care at home. - Participation in the development of the new care treatment “stroke rehabilitation familiar close” (specialized homecare). For elderly people with geriatric CVA care on demand, treatment at home, integrating and support of informal care contributes to their experience of quality of life. Recommendations: The new care treatment “stroke rehabilitation familiar close” will lead to an efficient and effective offering of integral rehabilitation to elderly chronic stroke patients at their familiar home by: - Hospital replaced care in the specialized nursing home (increasing the throughput). - A shortening of the stay in the nursing home by intensive rehabilitation treatment in cooperation with specialists from hospital and revalidation unit. - Home rehabilitation by cooperation of informal care, general practitioners, physiotherapists, expert teams (geriatric, rehabilitation, physician) and usage of eHealth technology. This will partly replace the existing medical revalidation care in nursing homes and improve the wellbeing in general of the treated patients.

The significant benefits of preemptive arc-flash protection and the online condition monitoring of electrical equipment are quite well known. Our continuing research focuses on the development of new advanced sensor technologies that are cost-effective, reliable, and efficient for the early detection of faults in order to predict impending arc-flash occurrences in mediumvoltage and low-voltage switchgear and controlgear. More extensive and detailed measurements regarding significant defects that lead to an arc-flash event have been completed since the original work in Part I was completed. A more detailed analysis of the results of this additional testing is presented in this paper. It has been documented that the two major noncontact causes that lead to an arc-flash event in switchgear are insulation degradation and thermal stresses. This paper covers the detailed measurement results under both of these conditions. New sensor technologies for both the partial discharge measurement and the thermal detection are introduced and evaluated. An effective signal processing technique, which is needed for extracting the essential indication of a developing fault, is also presented. Finally, this paper outlines how a preemptive arc detection system can be connected to protection, the programmable logic controller, or the supervisory control and data acquisition.

Earlier and continuous detection of potential failure points within electrical control equipment can facilitate a more proactive and complete arc fault prevention system. When these new sensor systems are interconnected to predictive protection systems communicating with supervisory control and data acquisition or programmable logic controller systems, online predictive monitoring is now a very real option available to increase the safety and reliability of switchgear and controlgear (motor control centers). A number of different new sensor technologies, for preemptive continuous monitoring, are evaluated based on extensive studies and actual user experiences. The most significant new technologies are examined more thoroughly. In these tests, equipment has been subjected to some common causes of arc fault events. Analytical results are provided for associated prearc conditions to establish conclusions for applying any of these new sensor technologies.