Miami University

• Nursing students must understand barriers to medication adherence and safety. • Role play supports competency development in promotion of patient self-care. • This activity improved identification of barriers to medication adherence. As nursing education transitions to align with the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) update Essentials (2021), faculty must implement innovative teaching strategies that support competency-based education (CBE). Among these competencies, promoting self-care management is essential for empowering patients in medication adherence which remains a significant healthcare challenge. An innovative role-play activity was developed and implemented to foster competency in promoting self-care management. Students, acting as patients, family members, and nurses, practiced identifying barriers to medication adherence and safety concerns. This project demonstrates the efficacy of prop-enhanced role-play in improving identification of safety concerns and barriers to medication adherence and thereby supporting competency in promoting self-care management. By actively engaging in patient, family, and nurse roles, students not only strengthened their ability to identify and address safety concerns and medication adherence barriers, but also developed a deeper understanding of patient, family and nurse perspectives. These results support the implementation of similar innovative role-play methods into CBE curricula to better prepare students for patient centered care.

Climate change is reshaping environments, raising questions about how species will endure. Pinto & Stelkens (2026) investigate whether hybridization aids adaptation using four yeast species and their interspecific F2 hybrids exposed to extreme temperature stress. While the parental species and their hybrids adapted to temperature extremes, hybrids exhibited unique evolutionary trajectories. These findings highlight the adaptive potential of hybrids and the importance of considering genetic background when determining how organisms will respond to rapid climate change.

ABSTRACT Women with multi-gender attractions (i.e. bisexual+ women) experience alarmingly high rates of sexual violence (SV), which puts women at risk for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Bisexual+ women experience higher rates of PTSD compared to heterosexual and lesbian/gay people. The PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) is a widely used self-report measure of PTSD symptoms. We conducted an item response theory (IRT) analysis to evaluate the item difficulty and discrimination of PCL-5 items in assessing PTSD symptoms related to adult SV among young bisexual+ women. We combined two samples of women: sample 1 participants were recruited via MTurk (N = 267; Mage = 25.9, range 18–35; 82.4% White) and sample 2 participants recruited via online ads (N = 133; Mage = 22.0, range 18–25, 85.0% White). Item difficulty and discrimination was evaluated using IRT with a graded response model. At clinically significant levels of PTSD, the most discriminating items were: flashbacks, nightmares, reckless behavior, inability to experience positive emotions, and intrusive memories, whereas the least discriminating items were: internal avoidance, hypervigilance, difficulty with sleep, external avoidance, and exaggerated startle response. The most difficult items were: reckless behavior, flashbacks, traumatic amnesia, nightmares, and irritability, whereas the least difficult items were: internal avoidance, cued emotional distress, external avoidance, hypervigilance, and strong negative emotions. Results suggest that symptoms related to flashbacks, nightmares, and reckless behavior are important for assessing clinically significant SV-related PTSD symptoms among young bisexual+ women, whereas symptoms related to internal and external avoidance and hypervigilance may be relatively less informative.

This study examined associations between motives, self-regulation, and health behaviors and tested the factor structure of a healthy eating motives scale adapted from the Motives for Physical Activity Measure-Revised. Participants (N = 187) were primarily female (67%) and Caucasian, non-Hispanic (94%), with a mean age of 20.39 years (standard deviation (SD) = 1.58). Participants completed an online survey assessing physical activity, sedentary behavior, fruit and vegetable intake, and motivational constructs based on Self-Determination Theory (SDT). Exploratory factor analysis supported a four-factor structure for healthy eating motives (health, appearance, social, interest) with strong internal consistency. Multiple regression results showed intrinsic motives and autonomous regulation were positively associated with physical activity and vegetable intake and negatively associated with sedentary time. Cross-behavioral effects were limited, though autonomous regulation demonstrated consistent benefits across domains. Outcomes reinforce the importance of autonomous motivation in promoting health behaviors and provide psychometric support for an SDT-based measure of dietary motives.

Unlike the modern hyper-arid conditions across most of the Arabian Peninsula, the region experienced pronounced humid phases during the Quaternary, supporting a dense vegetation cover. Evidence for these humid periods and the associated greening is documented in regional geological and paleoenvironmental records, including speleothems, lake-level reconstructions, lacustrine sediment sequences, and the presence of soil carbonate. However, the timing, extent, and moisture sources of these humid phases remain poorly constrained in the northern Arabian Peninsula, particularly in the area now occupied by Kuwait. There is evidence that the area once experienced wetter intervals, but it is unclear whether they were driven by incursions of a Tropical Ocean monsoon (summer) or by enhanced Mediterranean (winter) westerlies.This study investigates the nature of Quaternary humid conditions in Kuwait using petrographic, mineralogical, and oxygen- and carbon-isotope analyses (δ¹⁸O and δ¹³C) of relict pedogenic and paleosol carbonates. A total of 84 soil samples were collected across 21 sites in Kuwait, targeting calcic and petrocalcic horizons. Petrographic thin sections show progressive stages of carbonate development from stages I to III. Stage III carbonates are older and have δ¹⁸O values that cluster between −12 ‰ and +3 ‰ (VPDB) and δ¹³C values between −9 ‰ and 0 ‰. These ranges reflect the coevolution of soil moisture sources and vegetation types. During monsoon-influenced intervals, long-distance moisture transport and the amount effect produce isotopically light rainfall, resulting in carbonates with more depleted δ¹⁸O values. In contrast, carbonates have more isotopically enriched δ¹⁸O values during periods influenced by Mediterranean winter westerlies. The δ¹⁸O values of stage III soil carbonate suggest moisture sourced from both the tropical monsoon and the Mediterranean. Lower δ¹³C values reflect the contribution of soil-respired CO₂ from C₃ plants, whereas higher δ¹³C values reflect a greater contribution of C₄ plants. The δ¹³C values of stage III soil carbonate in Kuwait clearly reflect humid phases sourced from the tropical monsoon and supporting C4 vegetation, as well as winter rainfall from the Mediterranean and supporting C3 vegetation. The determination that Kuwait has experienced wetter conditions in the past from both tropical and Mediterranean sources is important for determining potential future precipitation amounts.

Out-of-equilibrium chemistry is currently being applied to polymer systems to mimic the autonomous behavior of biological materials. In this study, hydrogels with self-healing properties were developed that combine persistent crosslinks from dynamic metal-ligand coordination with transient crosslinks from dynamic anhydride bonds. Polymers containing terpyridine ligands and carboxylic acid groups were synthesized and crosslinked with divalent metal ions (Fe 2+ , Ni 2+ , Co 2+ , Zn 2+ , Cu 2+ ). The coordination bonds from terpyridine - metal coordination impart persistent stability, while transient anhydrides formed on treatment with 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) temporarily increase crosslink density. Distinct behaviors are observed depending on the choice of metal, with Ni 2+ forming robust, stable networks; Zn 2+ creating moderately dynamic gels; and Cu 2+ yielding highly dynamic, soft materials. Treatment with EDC increased storage moduli significantly, with transient effects lasting up to 280 min depending on the metal ion. Self-healing experiments demonstrated independent contributions from metal coordination and transient anhydrides, enabling recovery of stress and strain under varying conditions. Additionally, complex and reversible 2D stiffness patterns were generated by spatially controlled EDC treatment of Zn 2+ and Cu 2+ hydrogel films, demonstrating programmability and reusability. • Dynamic hydrogel networks that respond to chemical fuels were developed • Two orthogonal linkers were included, dynamic but persistent metal-ligand coordination and temporally controlled anhydrides through addition of EDC • Addition of carbodiimide fuel enhanced modulus transiently, while material retained dynamic properties • Complex patterns of mechanical properties could be temporally programmed and the materials showed good self-healing properties

In the current study pregame speech is defined as communication used by coaches prior to competition that can be characterized by four factors: one general factor (pregame speech) and three grouping factors (tactical content, emotional content, and delivery). The Coach Precompetitive Communication Questionnaire-Helpfulness (CPCQ-H) was developed to assess the extent to which collegiate athletes find the four factors of pregame speech helpful . The purpose of this study was to investigate initial evidence of validity for the responses to the CPCQ-H under an exploratory bifactor approach specifically to explore the existence of one general factor and three grouping factors measured by CPCQ-H items. Participants were 269 NCAA student-athletes involved in interactive team sports who were asked to complete a cross-sectional survey. The survey included a demographic questionnaire and the CPCQ-H. Results of an exploratory bifactor analysis found evidence to support the retention of a four-factor model, with a general factor of pregame speech and three grouping factors . Observed responses indicated meaningful factor loadings (e.g., λ ≥ .30, p < .05), providing evidence for the validity of CPCQ-H responses. The findings of this study contribute to the psychometric and practical understanding of pregame speech.

Este articulo tiene como objetivo principal analizar de forma sistemática la producción científica nacional e internacional sobre la educación rural en Colombia, con énfasis en la implementación de sistemas evaluativos inequitativos y su impacto en el rendimiento académico y la exclusión educativa de las poblaciones más vulneradas. Se desarrolló una revisión documental siguiendo los lineamientos de la declaración PRISMA 2020, en la que se incluyó la identificación, selección, elegibilidad e inclusión de estudios relevantes seleccionados de diferentes Bases de datos y motores de búsqueda, a saber: Scopus, Web of Science, Scielo, Redalyc y Google Scholar. En los hallazgos, se evidencia que la falta de infraestructura adecuada, la escasez de recursos tecnológicos y la desconexión entre las políticas educativas y las realidades territoriales profundizan las brechas entre la educación urbana y rural. Asimismo, la pobreza y la exclusión social influyen directamente en el rendimiento académico, generando desmotivación, deserción y bajo desempeño en pruebas estandarizadas. Varios estudios analizados coinciden en que las políticas educativas formuladas desde una lógica centralizada y urbana resultan ineficaces para atender las necesidades de las comunidades rurales, las cuales demandan estrategias más contextualizadas, inclusivas y participativas. La educación rural requiere una transformación integral que reconozca la diversidad cultural, económica y territorial del país, fortaleciendo la equidad en los procesos formativos y evaluativos para garantizar el derecho a una educación digna y pertinente para las poblaciones más vulneradas. Por lo que es indispensable reformular los sistemas evaluativos en Colombia desde un enfoque diferencial y contextualizado, que promueva la equidad educativa y reconozca la diversidad territorial como un eje central de la calidad educativa.