Ministry of Higher Education and Research

Watch VIDEO. Since 2018, the French Open Science Monitor (BSO) has assessed the effectiveness of the national public policy in open science. This steering tool, developed by the French Ministry of Higher Education and Research, the University of Lorraine and Inria, measures the evolution of open science in France using reliable, open and controlled data updated every year. The result is a website presenting different dashboards, tracking for example the ratio of open access scientific publications by year, discipline or publisher. Since its last release in March 2023, the BSO also tracks the production and openness of research datasets and software mentioned in scientific publications on a national scale. To ensure a realistic coverage, our platform relies on large-scale open source Deep Learning techniques applied to the full texts of publications with at least one co-author with a French affiliation. DataStet identifies every mention of datasets in scholarly publications, including implicit mentions of datasets and explicitly named datasets. SoftCite recognizes any software mentions in scientific publications, using as training data the Softcite Dataset. Dataset and software mentions are then characterized automatically as used, created and shared by the research work described in the scientific document. These characterizations can be cumulative. Among 1,608,839 publications from our corpus, we were able to analyze 655,954 of them with our tool DataStet. For this subset, we found 6,511,998 mentions of datasets characterized as used, 330,062 mentions characterized as created, and 78,178 mentions characterized as shared. With this methodology, the BSO can offer new indicators about the proportion of French publications mentioning the usage, creation and sharing of data, as well as the proportion of publications in France that include a "Data Availability Statement". Similar indicators are dedicated to code and software. In addition, these indicators are further broken down into disciplines, publishers and institutions. The project is addressing major technical and organizational challenges: to identify French datasets and software without reference registries as for publications, thanks to artificial intelligence; to produce relevant indicators for the different scientific communities. As an enabling technology to identify research datasets and software, deep learning plays a crucial role. This presentation will be an opportunity to present the latest results of the project, to detail the methodology, and finally to underline the reusability of the project results.

Abstract We present Hubble Space Telescope Cosmic Origin Spectrograph (COS) UV line spectroscopy and integral-field unit (IFU) observations of the intragroup medium in Stephan’s Quintet (SQ). SQ hosts a 30 kpc long shocked ridge triggered by a galaxy collision at a relative velocity of 1000 km s−1, where large amounts of molecular gas coexist with a hot, X-ray-emitting, plasma. COS spectroscopy at five positions sampling the diverse environments of the SQ intragroup medium reveals very broad (≈2000 km s−1) Lyα line emission with complex line shapes. The Lyα line profiles are similar to or much broader than those of Hβ, [C ii]157.7 μm, and CO (1–0) emission. The extreme breadth of the Lyα emission, compared with Hβ, implies resonance scattering within the observed structure. Scattering indicates that the neutral gas of the intragroup medium is clumpy, with a significant surface covering factor. We observe significant variations in the Lyα/Hβ flux ratio between positions and velocity components. From the mean line ratio averaged over positions and velocities, we estimate the effective escape fraction of Lyα photons to be ≈10%–30%. Remarkably, over more than four orders of magnitude in temperature, the powers radiated by X-rays, Lyα, H2, and [C ii] are comparable within a factor of a few, assuming that the ratio of the Lyα to H2 fluxes over the whole shocked intragroup medium stay in line with those observed at those five positions. Both shocks and mixing layers could contribute to the energy dissipation associated with a turbulent energy cascade. Our results may be relevant for the cooling of gas at high redshifts, where the metal content is lower than in this local system, and a high amplitude of turbulence is more common.

Actor -An individual, a group of individuals, an institution or an organization. The ImpresS ex ante approach distinguishes between three categories of actors: actors who have a major role in the intervention process, actors who intentionally or unintentionally influence the intervention without being actors directly involved in the intervention process, and actors who are positively or negatively impacted by the intervention. Impacted actors can be major actors (involved in the intervention) or not (impacted without having been involved).

Los impactos de la investigación agrícola para el desarrollo se van construyendo a largo plazo y son muy variados — positivos, inesperados o posiblemente negativos. El método ImpresS que sirve para evaluar estos impactos, toma en cuenta el punto de vista de los actores sobre el terreno y ha sido probado en 13 proyectos de investigación del Cirad y de sus socios. El destacado mensaje que se saca de ello es el de animar a los organismos de investigación y sus financiadores a que modifiquen sus prácticas si quieren contribuir de manera más segura a los impactos. Los investigadores tendrían que aceptar desempeñar una diversidad de funciones, actuar con los actores de la innovación y los actores políticos, impulsar el aprendizaje, explicar ex ante las hipótesis de ruta de impacto de los proyectos. Por su parte, los comanditarios y financiadores tendrían que tomar en cuenta una amplia gama de impactos, proveer apoyos a largo plazo, impulsar las articulaciones entre los proyectos, hacer que se puedan reajustar los proyectos a lo largo de su seguimiento.

The proximal promoter region of the human transferrin gene contains an hepatocyte-specific cis-element (PRI, nucleotides -76 to -51) whose DNA sequence is homologous to a sequence (nucleotides -89 to -68) present in the transcriptionally essential 5' region of the human antithrombin III gene and to another hepatocyte-specific sequence (A domain) of the human alpha 1-antitrypsin gene promoter. The results reported here lead to the conclusion that the liver trans-acting factor Tf-LF1, binding to the transferrin PRI cis-element interacts with the homologous antithrombin III region, but is different from the transcription factor LF-A1 interacting with the A domain of the alpha 1-antitrypsin promoter. The distal region DRI (nucleotides -480 to -454) of the human transferrin gene promoter presents in its core the same 10 nucleotide-long sequence as the PRI cis-element. We have previously shown that the liver protein Tf-LF2, binding to the DRI element is different from the Tf-LF1 trans-acting factor. In this paper we also show that Tf-LF2 is different from the transcription factor LF-A1 interacting with the alpha 1-antitrypsin promoter. The results allow us to conclude that at least three distinct liver nuclear proteins bind to different subsets of 5' DNA regions containing similar sequences. These sequences are present in genes expressed essentially in liver.