Ministry of Science, Education and Sports

U članku se analiziraju i uspoređuju podatci o neopravdanim izostancima s nastave učenika dvanaest katoličkih i dvanaest javnih gimnazija u Hrvatskoj. Istraživanje je obuhvatilo 87 odjeljenja prvih gimnazijskih razreda, u kojima je na kraju školske godine 2019./2020. evidentirano 1990 učenika. Ukupno dvanaest katoličkih gimnazija nalazi se u jedanaest gradova i deset županija. U svrhu usporedbe metodom slučajnog odabira uzeto je također dvanaest javnih gimnazija iz referentnih gradova i županija. Istraživanjem se željelo utvrditi postoji li statistički značajna razlika u broju neopravdanih izostanaka s nastave učenika javnih i katoličkih gimnazija te ih povezati s mogućim vrijednosnim usmjerenjem škola i perspektivom logopedagogije. Također je ispitana razlika prema spolu učenika te između županija u kojima se nalaze dotične škole. Rezultati ukazuju na postojanje statistički značajne razlike u broju neopravdanih izostanaka s nastave u korist katoličkih gimnazija. Mladići imaju više neopravdanih izostanaka s nastave nego djevojke u ukupnom uzorku kao i u uzorku učenika javnih gimnazija, dok u katoličkim gimnazijama nije primijećena statistički značajna razlika po spolu. Utvrđena je statistički značajna razlika u broju neopravdanih izostanaka u različitim županijama. Rasprava rezultata u perspektivi logopedagogije nudi novi aspekt istraživanja u odgojno-obrazovnom djelovanju.

Researches on teachers' stress have shown that stress is an important factor upon which educational process depends (Kyriacou, 2001). In this article teachers in art schools in the Republic of Croatia (N=148) were studied. The aim of this article is to determine which are the sources of stress in teachers at elementary music and dancing schools. Besides, one of the problems is to observe ways of teachers' coping with stress as well as correlation with job satisfaction of teachers in art schools. Teachers in art schools are mostly satisfied with their work despite the fact that it is a very stressful profession. Sources of stress of teachers in art schools are to some extent similar to sources of stress of the past researches on teachers. Teachers mostly use coping strategies with stress directed to the problem such as problem solving. A positive correlation of positive coping strategies with stress and job satisfaction was also noticed and the highest correlation shows usage of positive coping strategies with stress. A negative correlation of strategies directed to emotions and job satisfaction such as evasion of coping with problem was also observed. The results refer to particularities of art education and encourage for further researches. Key words: coping strategies; job satisfaction; sources of stress; teachers in art fields.

Delovanja javne uprave v Republiki Sloveniji si ne moremo zamisliti brez informatike in informatizacije, trenutno pa delovanje informatike v javni upravi v Republiki Sloveniji ni dovolj dobro analizirano, saj nimamo niti celovite strategije državne informatike, in ni dovolj učinkovito, saj je informatika v državni upravi obvladovana in upravljana slabo. Ni posnetka stanja obstoječih procesov, ključni informacijski sistemi so stari, posamezni projekti imajo učinke, manjše od pričakovanj.
 Z razvojem sodobnih informacijsko-komunikacijskih tehnologij ima javna uprava danes na voljo veliko možnosti za kreiranje, shranjevanje in pridobivanje ter prenos in uporabo tudi na področju znanja. Informacijsko-komunikacijska tehnologija omogoča, da je znanje dostopno velikemu številu uporabnikov kadar koli in v različnih multimedijskih oblikah. Znanje v javni upravi je danes lahko konkurenčna prednost, vendar informacijsko-komunikacijska tehnologija sama ne more zagotoviti samodejnega pretoka znanja med zaposlenimi, kar posledično pomeni, da je v javni upravi pomembna vloga upravljanja znanja.
 V prispevku so prikazane slabosti delovanja javne uprave Republike Slovenije in nakazana rešitev, kako bi s povezovanjem posameznih področij, kot sta upravljanje in informatika, prispevali k uspešnejšemu uresničevanju skupnega cilja javne uprave, ki se odraža v hitrem, učinkovitem in prijaznem servisu za državljane in podjetja.

The article introductorily presents the terminological and dogmatic determinants of Sufism as one of the ways of practicing Islam. The basic aim of this article is to determine the position of Sufism and the dervish orders within religious structures and spatial distribution of Islam in Bosnia and Herzegovina in correlation with the religious and national identity of Bosniaks. In fact, using the method of historical analysis, the article seeks to clarify the position and significance of Sufism and dervish orders in Islamic religious tradition in Bosnia and Herzegovina and their contribution to the development of urban systems in this country. The article also emphasizes the role and significance of the renewal of the dervish orders in the Bosnian-Herzegovinian society as part of the general trend of reaffirmation of religion in transitional societies, bearing in mind the importance of Islam in shaping the national identity of Bosniaks. Thereby, based on available sources and literature, interviews with members of the dervish orders and field indicators, the article with special attention points to the theological, ideological and social relation of Sufi's interpretation of Islam to Islamic religious movements with a shorter tradition of presence in Bosnia and Herzegovina, emphasizing the geopolitical dimension of this doctrinal conflict. Finally, based on available data, the article cartographically interprets the traditional presence of Sufism in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

The aim of this article is to determine the influence of the relations between historic and political cores on the evolution of the conceptions of national ideologies of South Slavs. The methodological framework of the research consists of the combination of using the historical and comparative methods in determining the conclusions for each of the South Slavic ethnic groups. Various theoretical approaches in the field of ethnic and national studies, as well as in the field of geopolitical terminology, were used as a theoretical framework in drafting the article. By highlighting the key terms, the article defines the meaning of terms of the historic and political cores, and ethnic and territorial conception of nation. In addition, through separate analysis of the relations between historic and political cores and their impact on the conceptions of national ideologies, article confirmed the basic hypothesis that overlapping of the historic and political cores generally causes the development of the territorial conception of South Slavic nations, while spatial deviation of these two cores usually leads to the development of ethnic conception of the nation. Also, in the case of the South Slavic nations with predominant ethnic conception of the nation, there are noticeable tendencies to territorial revisionism, while in the case of the territorial nations, the tendencies to reductionist identity and detention in their own historic and political cores can be noticed.

Nations around the world are bent on creating an efficient and inclusive socio-economic environment and ethos for enterprises and business. The aim is to create a business setting and system of innovation in which standard macroeconomic policies are more effective and increase private sector development and economic growth. The research and innovation system in Central Europe (CE) has not been studied in sufficient depth, at either the theoretical or empirical level. Apart from their similar pattern of transition from planned to mixed economy, the national research and innovation systems of the selected countries evolved into rather diverse systems in terms of their size, enterprise composition, research intensity and structural configuration. The countries’ economic profiles play a crucial role in their integration with the EU and their global competiveness. The economic structure, level of research, technological development, human resources in science and technology (HRST), innovation, and SME competitiveness clearly testify to the diverse level of the region's economic competitiveness. The aim of this article is to describe the differences among selected Central European countries in order to demonstrate that efforts to build a single European innovation system are still far from complete. Selected composite indices such as the Global Innovation Index (GII), the Networked Readiness Index (NRI), and the Global Enabling Trade Index (ETI) show that countries in Central Europe need improvements in terms of competitiveness, innovation and technology development. Economies’ performance as regards the environment for entrepreneurs was also analysed based on several composite indices with sufficient complexity to capture the multidimensional nature of entrepreneurship. The article concludes that an efficient use of European structural and investment funds (ESIF) and the application of smart specialisation strategies are promising mechanisms for European integration processes.

A three-year-old male western black-tailed rattlesnake (Crotalus molossus molossus), which was refusing food and losing weight was presented with a swelling on the right side of the head below the eye. An abscess was suspected and treatment with subcutaneous enrofloxacin was started immediately. After identification of the causative agents as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, and following susceptibility testing, enrofloxacin treatment was replaced with marbofloxacin, intralesional gentamicin/betamethasone treatment and gentamicin administered subcutaneously at an increased terrarium temperature of 35 °C. Seven days later, the formed pus plug was debrided and a combined marbofloxacin/gentamicin/betamethasone treatment was continued for an additional seven days. The swelling disappeared. Marbofloxacin was continued for ten more days, after which time microbiology tests were negative for S. maltophilia and P. aeruginosa. The animal began to eat and gain body weight. To our knowledge, this is the first report of an abscess treatment in a rattlesnake and the first to demonstrate the effective treatment of a S. maltophilia-induced infection with a combination of marbofloxacin and gentamicin.

Human Y-chromosome haplogroup structure is largely circumscribed by continental boundaries. One notable exception to this general pattern is the young haplogroup R1a that exhibits post-Glacial coalescent times and relates the paternal ancestry of more than 10% of men in a wide geographic area extending from South Asia to Central East Europe and South Siberia. Its origin and dispersal patterns are poorly understood as no marker has yet been described that would distinguish European R1a chromosomes from Asian. Here we present frequency and haplotype diversity estimates for more than 2000 R1a chromosomes assessed for several newly discovered SNP markers that introduce the onset of informative R1a subdivisions by geography. Marker M434 has a low frequency and a late origin in West Asia bearing witness to recent gene flow over the Arabian Sea. Conversely, marker M458 has a significant frequency in Europe, exceeding 30% in its core area in Eastern Europe and comprising up to 70% of all M17 chromosomes present there. The diversity and frequency profiles of M458 suggest its origin during the early Holocene and a subsequent expansion likely related to a number of prehistoric cultural developments in the region. Its primary frequency and diversity distribution correlates well with some of the major Central and East European river basins where settled farming was established before its spread further eastward. Importantly, the virtual absence of M458 chromosomes outside Europe speaks against substantial patrilineal gene flow from East Europe to Asia, including to India, at least since the mid-Holocene.

There are few studies of ochratoxin A (OTA) genotoxicity in experimental animals and the results obtained with cell cultures are inconsistent, although the carcinogenic potential of OTA for the kidney of experimental animals has been well established. We studied the genotoxic potential of OTA in the kidney of adult female Wistar rats (5 in each group) treated intraperitoneally with OTA (0.5 mg kg body weight-1 day-1 for 7, 14, and 21 days) measuring DNA mobility on agarose gel stained with ethidium-bromide using standard alkaline single-cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay). Negative control animals were treated with solvent (Tris buffer, 1.0 mg/kg) and positive control animals were treated with methyl methanesulfonate (40 mg/kg) according to the same schedule. OTA concentrations in plasma and kidney homogenates in 7-, 14-, and 21-day treated animals were 4.86 +/- 0.53, 7.52 +/- 3.32, 7.85 +/- 2.24 microg/mL, and 0.87 +/- 0.09, 0.99 +/- 0.06, 1.09 +/- 0.15 microg/g, respectively. In all OTA-treated groups, the tail length, tail intensity, and tail moment in kidney tissue were significantly higher than in controls (P < 0.05). The tail length and tail moment were higher after 14 days than after 7 days of treatment (P < 0.05), and still higher after 21 days (P < 0.05). The highest tail intensity was observed in animals treated for 21 days, and it differed significantly from animals treated for 7 and 14 days (P < 0.05). OTA concentrations in plasma and kidney tissue increased steadily and OTA concentration in kidney tissue strongly correlated with tail intensity and tail moment values. These results confirm the genotoxic potential of OTA, and show that the severity of DNA lesions in kidney correlates with OTA concentration.