Morris College

Sigmatropic rearrangements play a pivotal role in organic synthesis, providing a robust method for bond reorganization and the construction of complex molecular architectures with high precision and efficiency. An electrophilic aryne activation-based

An exact analytical solution to the Balitsky-Kovchegov equation is proposed incorporating Mellin transformation with saddle point approximation. The theoretical significance of this solution is its simplicity in form which requires a very small number of parameters. At pre asymptotic rapidities the solution is found to reconstruct the characteristic linear BFKL behavior. The feasibility of the solution is tested at both RHIC and LHC energies. Using this solution along with the idea of gluon saturation in color glass condensate, a very good description of RHIC and LHC data on differential yield is obtained for d-Au, p-p and p-Pb collisions at forward rapidities. Quantitative prediction for the charged particle transverse momentum pt and centrality dependencies of nuclear medication factors for p-Pb, Pb-Pb and Xe-Xe collisions relevant for recent LHC run 2 is yielded.

Abstract Years before the Second World War, there emerged an Austrofascist Ständestaat [Corporatist State] to the south of Nazi Germany. This Ständestaat would be subsumed into Germany during the Anschluss of 1938. Subsumption of Austrofascism into Nazism has also occurred in understandings of fascism. This article centers two paramilitary organizations—an Austrian Nazi Legion based in Bavaria and the Austrian-based Heimwehren [Home Guards]—to argue that German-speaking fascists functioned via internecine violence over Austria’s sovereignty. Fighting between the Heimwehren and Austrian Nazi Legionaries based in Bavaria culminated in a quasi-war across the Austro-Bavarian border, studied here from 1933 to 1934. This article showcases how fascist obsessions with total control came with an uncontrollable need for conflict over this contested borderland space. This tension undermined their claims of supremacy yet undergirded their supporters to fight harder against, ironically, other German-speaking fascists. As such, division was critical to their very formation. By taking this granular perspective, we acquire a better understanding of the convoluted history prior to the notorious Anschluss .

The engineering initiative at Robert Morris College seeks to enhance the technical and engineering abilities of the workforce in southwestern Pennsylvania through an innovative, industry-driven, hands-on, project-based system of education and training that integrates theory and practice in Manufacturing, Software, and Logistics Engineering. These activities are centered on

Introduction: Functionally specific efferent renal sympathetic nerves fire selectively in response to distinct hemodynamic afferent inputs. Using norepinephrine spillover, our group detected a heart failure (HF)-specific cardio-cardiac sympathoexcitatory reflex stimulated by high atrial pressure. Efferent discharge directed at other vascular beds similarly activated by atrial stretch might not be detected by multi-unit sympathetic recordings. Hypothesis: In contrast to healthy controls (CON), in HF some muscle sympathetic fibers respond paradoxically (i.e. increase firing) to increases in filling pressure. Methods: Single-unit muscle sympathetic nerve activity (sMSNA; microneurography) and peripheral venous pressure (PVP; forearm catheter) were recorded from 11 CON and 10 treated HF (LVEF 27±6%) patients at baseline and during non-hypotensive lower body negative pressure (LBNP; -10mmHg) and non-hypertensive lower body positive pressure (LBPP; +10mmHg). sMSNA firing frequency and incidence, and the percentage of multiple within-burst firing was calculated for each condition. Results: PVP was reduced with LBNP (p<0.05) and increased with LBPP (p<0.05) in both groups, with PVP greater in HF across each condition (p<0.05). Blood pressure and heart rate were unchanged by LBNP or LBPP in both groups (p>0.05). We identified 26 and 22 single-units in CON and HF patients, respectively. sMSNA firing frequency was similar (p>0.05) in CON and HF at baseline (30±18 vs. 35±15 spikes/min) and during LBNP (45±24 vs. 42±23 spikes/min) but higher in HF during LBPP (28±17 vs. 40±22 spikes/min, p=0.05). sMSNA firing incidence was similar (p>0.05) in both groups across each condition. The percentage of within-burst multiple spike firing was similar (p>0.05) in CON and HF during baseline (24±9% vs. 24±7%) and LBNP (25±11% vs. 28±14%) but higher in HF during LBPP (17±8% vs. 34±16%, p<0.001). Conclusions: In HF, increases in PVP with non-hypertensive LBPP cause a paradoxical increase in muscle sympathetic single-unit firing frequency and multiple within-burst firing, compared to CON. This provides evidence of a sympathoexcitatory cardiac-skeletal muscle vasoconstrictor reflex in human HF that may be attenuated by normalizing filling pressures.

Objective:The aim was to examine stroke survivors’ and carers’ experiences of peer support groups during hospital-based rehabilitation.Design:Retrospective assessment using qualitative methodology; Inductive Thematic Analysis supplemented by questionnaire ratings.Setting:A hospital stroke rehabilitation unit.Participants:Seven stroke survivors and three carers who had attended at least two open group sessions.Method:Semi-structured interviews were recorded and analysed by inductive thematic analysis to obtain ‘in-depth’ information. Participants also answered questions taken from a standardised therapeutic factors questionnaire.Results:Five main themes emerged. Three were related to group processes; practical issues (three sub-themes), staff presence, similarity-difference, comparison to other group members. The fourth, value of peers (five sub-themes), was mainly concerned with beneficial outcomes. In the main participants were positive about processes and outcomes. Only the similarity-difference theme and four sub-themes of ‘value of peers’ were related to items from the therapeutic factors questionnaire. The therapeutic factors questionnaire revealed a consensus about several statements that did not emerge as themes; feeling secure in the group, being able to express emotions, helping others and increased independence.Conclusions:Participation in the group brought a number of benefits including helpful information, advice, new connections and increased awareness of stroke. Informants identified a number of important group processes, and distinguished between helpful and unhelpful aspects in a way that permitted recommendations for change to be formulated. Responses to the therapeutic factors inventory suggested that attendance brought some therapeutic benefits, but the emergence of themes unrelated to therapeutic factors indicated that it had a broad impact.

Drugs, currently in development and targeted toward macrophages, are principally aimed at the down-regulation of macrophage function to treat the wide variety of diseases caused by excessive activity of these cells. The principal current strategy for developing such drugs lies in wedding conventional pharmacologic approaches of compound development to screening these compounds against monocytes/macrophages In vitro for their ability to inhibit selected functions/release of mediators. A majority of efforts now underway address developing compounds to inhibit cytokine release, particularly TNFα or IL-1. Another major goal is to develop compounds that suppress arachidonic acid metabolism in macrophages, via the cyclooxygenase (CO) or 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) pathways. These approaches collectively emphasise a significant problem: In a given disease, is it better to inhibit release of only one selected mediator from macrophages or, rather, release of several? A clear answer to this question is not now available but will likely emerge in the next few years as testing of compounds currently in development proceeds. The approach we have taken at Macronex is first to develop a profile of desired mediators/functions of macrophages to be inhibited for each disease and then to screen (in a comprehensive, proprietary assay system of utilising seventeen human monocyte functions in vitro) for compounds which inhibit several or all of these selected mediators/functions. Results of this assay system to date indicate that even compounds which are closely related structurally can have disparate effects on macrophages and selectively inhibit one or multiple mediators/functions.