Moscow State Pedagogical University

The subject of the analysis of the proposed article is the ballad poem by A. K. Tolstoy “Ilya Muromets”, published in the journal “Russian Herald” in 1871. The poem is examined in a historical and literary context. The article examines the process of transformation of the traditional image of the Russian epic hero Ilya Muromets in the poem of the same name by A. K. Tolstoy. The work is based on a comparative analysis of significant works of the Russian epic related to the Kiev cycle of epics about the rebellion against Prince Vladimir (“Ilya Muromets and the tavern boys”, “Nikita Zaoleshanin”, “The quarrel between Ilya Muromets and Prince Vladimir”, etc.); the study of specific poetic techniques used by the author to illustrate a different interpretation of traditional images and motifs of the folk epic. The poem is based on traditional epic motifs, but Tolstoy uses innovative techniques to emphasize the inner feelings of the main character and to reveal the transformation of an authentic spirit. The poet rejects the simple adaptation of folk texts, creating a deep psychological portrait of Ilya Muromets, who possesses a number of personal qualities of an ordinary person: freedom loving, straightforward, with a sense of self-respect, and unwilling to accept injustice. The image of the hero becomes an impetus for the author to address the crucial theme of the conflict between the government and the people, which intensified during the period when the poem was written. The theme of the relationship between government and the people is one of the key and constantly emerging themes in the works of Russian classics. The Tolstoy’s poem indirectly traces the autobiographical motifs that manifest themselves in the author's attitude to the main theme and the main characters of the work. The main leitmotif reflects the public views and moods formed during the era of crisis and aggravation of social contradictions in Russia in the second half of the 19th century. The purpose of the study was to analyze the artistic methods of Tolstoy, which made it possible, using the spirit of traditional oral epic poetry, to reflect changes in the perception of the folk hero within the cultural context of the 19th century. The article provides a detailed illustration of how Tolstoy's creative approach characterizes the understanding of the role of the folk hero in modern society. Tolstoy, being influenced by historical time and the peculiarities of the era, transforms traditional epic images and motifs, filling them with new meanings relevant and significant for his time.

Background. Systematic studies of the professional ethical attitudes and behavior of counseling psychologists are of great importance for the development of an ethical culture in psychological practice. However, despite the rapid development of psychological counseling in Russia, such studies have not yet been conducted. Study Objective. To examine the frequency of potentially ethically controversial actions in the practice of Russian counseling psychologists, assess their ethical acceptability, and the influence of gender and level of professional training on behavior and beliefs. Materials and Methods. A total of 161 respondents participated in an anonymous online survey conducted in 2019 and 2023. A methodology developed by K. Pope and B. Tabachnik, adapted for the Russian context, was used. Participants completed a questionnaire and rated the frequency of 75 types of professional behavior and their ethical acceptability on a 5-point scale. Results. A significant discrepancy was revealed between the ethical beliefs of professionals and their actual practices, particularly in the areas of confidentiality, managing their own distress, informal forms of interaction with clients, and boundaries of competence. "Gray areas" of practice, where there is no ethical consensus among professionals, were identified. Statistically significant gender differences were found: male psychologists were more likely to engage in practices that weaken professional boundaries and were more likely to report sexual fantasies about clients. Having a specialized higher education did not reduce the overall frequency of ethical violations, but only changed their profile, calling into question the effectiveness of current training models. Conclusions. The study demonstrates the need to develop systematic ethical monitoring in the Russian professional community as a mechanism for collective reflection and professional self-regulation.

The study explores the capabilities of these large language models in the domain of security analysis. Specifically, it investigates the models' ability to classify vulnerability types and descriptions from the CWE Top 25 category, which includes the most dangerous vulnerabilities for 2024 according to the CWE catalog ranking. To evaluate the models, several sets of specialized queries are constructed. These queries test the models' knowledge of vulnerability types as well as their ability to detect these types of vulnerabilities in source code. The experiments conducted with the models yielded a body of statistical data, allowing for an assessment of the models' effectiveness in the tasks of security analysis and vulnerability detection.

The photoluminescence (PL) kinetics of semiconductor nanocrystals (quantum dots, QDs) includes a surprisingly wide range of times. The presence of shallow metastable trap states leads to the appearance of a long tail on the PL decay curve, the so-called delayed PL, at times ranging from hundreds of nanoseconds to microseconds. Surprisingly, intensity and lifetime of the delayed PL from a single QD notably fluctuate in time. In this work, delayed PL of single colloidal core/shell CdSeS/ZnS QDs was in depth studied by time-gated PL traces analysis. Observed delayed PL blinking allowed us to study the shallow trap states. We show that single QD PL in active trap state is characterized by mono or bi-exponential decays with times altering from 60 ns to 600 ns, that is much exceed exciton lifetime in bright state ~30 ns. Simulation allowed us to conclude that the absence of an exciton component in the kinetics of delayed PL can be explained by the fast (~100 ps) charge carrier Auger trapping process on a shallow trap state. We associate this state with a localized defect at the inner core/shell QD interface. Also, we demonstrate that the variation in the lifetimes and delayed PL decay shapes can be described entirely by a change in the thermal de-trapping rate.

The article investigates the professional well-being of specialists in psychological and pedagogical support and the design of continuing education programmes (CEP). It examines changes in the CEP system caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, modifications to specialist requirements, and the introduction of digital technologies. An online survey was conducted among professionals working in psychopedagogical support, revealing key factors influencing their professional well-being: emotional burnout, lack of support, and low satisfaction with work conditions. The authors propose a series of measures aimed at improving educational processes and enhancing the psychological resilience of these specialists, including the introduction of modules on stress management and communication skills enhancement.

Introduction. Finding effective approaches to vocabulary management that will ensure the successful participation of international students in academic and professional communication at a military university is a pressing issue. This is due to the large volume and complexity of such vocabulary, the short learning timeframe, and a number of organizational challenges. The tools for developing a thesaurus for foreign military specialists in the preparatory course include vocabulary minimums, academic dictionaries, and an academic thesaurus dictionary. The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between lexical resources in teaching Russian as a foreign language, their objectives, content, and presentation methods, and to identify the role of an educational thesaurus dictionary among them. This study also substantiates the feasibility of using this type of educational dictionary. We used methods to analyze scientific and educational literature on the lexical aspects of teaching Russian to foreign military specialists, as well as to summarize and analyze the experience of teaching Russian for special purposes. The study substantiates the use of an educational multimedia thesaurus and defines its place among other lexical resources. The study's novelty lies in its analysis of existing publications regulating the vocabulary required for learning, as applied to the practice of teaching Russian as a foreign language in military academies. The work on compiling a minimum vocabulary for foreign military specialists, as well as an educational multimedia thesaurus that takes into account their communicative needs, is described. The practical significance of the study lies in the development of a minimum vocabulary for foreign military specialists, as well as an educational multimedia thesaurus.

A new hybrid organic ligand with 2-(2-pyridyl)benzothiazoles and catechol fragments was synthesized and studied in the complexation reaction with copper(II) chloride. Synthesis conditions that allow for obtaining a complex in which copper coordination is carried out by the pyridylbenzothiazole fragment, and the catechol fragment does not participate in the coordination, have been determined. To find the possibility and optimal conditions for a complex without coordination of catechol formation, DFT calculation data were used. The structure of the obtained coordination compound with LCuCl2 composition was established using as elemental analysis, UV-Vis spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry and total X-ray scattering with pair distribution function analysis. Measurement of cytotoxicity and the ability to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation for synthesized complex on MCF-7 cell lines demonstrated reasonable cytotoxicity of 5 µМ, not associated with ROS formation.

The article focuses on the development and implementation of a comprehensive model for control and assessment activities of informatics teachers in the context of basic general education. The model includes task banks for initial diagnostics, ongoing, intermediate, and final assessments. The relevance of using formative assessment as a feedback tool and increasing student motivation is emphasized in the article. Practical examples of tasks adapted for different stages of learning are presented, along with methods for integrating them into the educational process using modern technologies such as the Moodle platform. Special attention is paid to the assessment criteria and their adaptation to the individual needs of students, which allows for a multidimensional assessment and takes into account different levels of material assimilation. The proposed integrative approach corresponds to the updated Federal State Educational Standards for basic general education and promotes the development of independence and the subjective position of students.

В пособии представлены методические рекомендации по подготовке выпускной квалификационной работы (ВКР) по направлению подготовки 38.04.02 Менеджмент (образовательные программы магистратуры и специализированного высшего образования). Описан алгоритм подготовки ВКР, организация научного руководства, требования к содержанию, структуре и оформлению текста ВКР. Отдельный раздел посвящён подготовке текста ВКР и сопутствующих материалов к процедуре защиты ВКР в рамках государственной итоговой аттестации. Приложение содержит дополнительные информационно-справочные материалы.

The article reveals the peculiarities of the formation of scientific and pedagogical personnel in Russia in the second half of the 19th - early 20th centuries.