Musamus Merauke University

Gender continues to influence participation in rural governance and economic development. This study examines how gender roles influence participation and leadership in local development organizations (LDOs) and local economic organizations (LEOs) in Ampekale Village, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Using a qualitative case study design that combined in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and participant observation, this research draws on insights from 24 key informants (12 men and 10 women), including village officials, organizational leaders, women's groups, NGO facilitators, and community members. The data were thematically coded and analyzed to capture the dynamics of gendered participation. The results show that men dominate leadership and infrastructure planning within LDOs, whereas women's involvement is often symbolic and restricted to welfare and social concerns. In LEOs, women are increasingly active in small-scale enterprises such as crab and snack production. Although these roles are aligned with domestic responsibilities, they enhance household bargaining power and expand women's visibility in governance. Men continue to lead physically demanding production and procurement, but women contribute substantially to value addition, marketing, and household welfare. The findings indicate that entrenched cultural norms, unequal access to resources, and limited leadership opportunities constrain women's influence. To foster equitable rural development, gender-sensitive reforms, such as quotas, participatory budgeting, training, and leadership mentoring are essential.

Rats are one of the main pests that cause significant damage to grain during storage in warehouses. Rat activities such as gnawing on sacks, contaminating grain, and damaging storage structures can drastically reduce the quality and quantity of grain. Conventional security systems, such as passive CCTV, are unable to provide automatic notifications or real-time threat identification. This study aims to design and develop a warehouse security system based on Object Detection using the YOLO algorithm to automatically detect the presence of rats. This system is integrated with environmental sensors to monitor the temperature, grain humidity, room humidity, and light intensity in real-time to support optimal storage conditions. The implementation of YOLO in the system is expected to provide a high level of accuracy in detecting rats, so that warnings can be given quickly to warehouse operators. Thus, this system has the potential to minimize the risk of grain damage, increase the effectiveness of warehouse surveillance, and support more modern and efficient security management.

This study evaluates how the attitudes and mathematical abilities of Muhammadiyah Merauke junior high school students are influenced by gender differences. The research uses a descriptive-comparative quantitative approach involving 28 eighth-grade students (15 males, 13 females). Data were collected through a questionnaire on attitudes toward mathematics and a mathematical ability test. The results show that male students tend to have slightly more positive attitudes compared to females. However, the mathematical abilities of both groups are considered very low. No significant effect of gender on mathematical ability results was found. The findings of this study suggest the need for enjoyable and contextual learning to improve students' mathematical abilities and motivation without gender bias.

Algebra is a fundamental topic in junior secondary mathematics, yet many students experience difficulties, particularly in solving algebra word problems. This study aims to analyze the epistemological obstacles encountered by eighth-grade students in solving basic algebra word problems using the Didactical Design Research (DDR) framework. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed with two eighth-grade students of SMP Muhammadiyah Merauke representing high and low cognitive ability levels. Data were collected through a written algebra word problem based on Polya’s problem-solving stages and face-to-face recorded interviews. The findings indicate that students experience epistemological obstacles in interpreting problem contexts, understanding variables as general quantities, and reflecting on the correctness of algebraic models. These obstacles occur in both high- and low-ability students, suggesting that procedural skills are not always supported by meaningful conceptual understanding.

Background: Mouthrinses may cause adverse effects such as discoloration of restorative materials. This study aimed to investigate the effect of mouth rinses on the color and translucency of two new-generation Computer-Aided Design, Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAD/CAM) zirconia ceramics. Materials and Methods: Eighty specimens were prepared, including 40 from monolithic-zirconia (VITA YZ HT) and 40 from multilayered-monolithic zirconia (IPS e.max ZirCAD Prime). Each subgroup (n=10) was immersed in one of four solutions: distilled water, chlorhexidine (0.2%), Listerine Advanced White, or Glimo Care for 180 hours. Baseline color values were recorded according to The Commission Internationale de l’Éclairage (CIE) Lab* system using a spectrophotometer (Vita Easyshade 4.0). Color coordinates (L*, a*, b*) were measured before and after immersion, and TP (translucency parameter) and ΔE (color difference) were calculated using the CIEDE2000 formula. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post-hoc test (α=0.05). Results: Color changes were observed in all groups. ΔE values were significantly higher in IPS e.max ZirCAD Prime compared with VITA YZ HT (p

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis implementasi fungsi legislasi DPRD Kabupaten Merauke dalam perspektif otonomi daerah pada bidang pertanian. Implementasi fungsi legislasi DPRD Kabupaten Merauke dalam pembentukan PERDA, masih terdapat hal-hal yang belum sesuai dengan apa yang diharapkan, yaitu keterbatasan pemahaman tidak di imbangi dengan kemampuan eksekutif, hingga pada giliranya hanya menimbulkan tanggung jawab yang kurang bermanfaat bagi masyarkat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode hukum empiris dengan analisis data kualitatif. Populasi penelitian terdiri dari anggota DPRD Kabupaten Merauke yang terlibat dalam proses pembentukan Perda, staf ahli, dan staf pegawai sekretariat DPRD Kabupaten Merauke dan populasi ini juga didapatkan dari anggota dinas pertanian Kabupaten Merauke. Sampel dipilih secara purposive, dengan mempertimbangkan pengalaman, pengetahuan, dan peran mereka dalam proses legislasi. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara dengan anggota DPRD KabupatenMerauke dan anggota di dinas pertanian. data juga dikumpulkanmelalui studi dokumen, seperti Perda yang telah dibentuk oleh DPRD Kabupaten Merauke. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa pelaksanaan fungsi legislasi DPRD Kabupaten Merauke dalam pembentukan peraturan daerah PERDA tentunya sudah benar mengikuti aturan yang berlaku dan sesuai dengan pelaksanaanya di sektor pertanian berkelanjutan kabupaten merauke, yang tentunya penyediaan infrastruktur dan perlindungan lahan sudah mengikuti mekanisme peraturan daerah yang ada. Akan tetapi masih adanya hambatan di sektor pertanian berkelanjutan ini yaitu partisipasi milenial atau anak muda di bidang ini yang tentunya dapat menghambat program pemerintah untuk melaksanakan perlindungan lahan pertanian pangan berkelanjutan di kabu paten merauke.

This study aims to analyze the ability of seventh-grade students at SMP YPK Merauke in solving fraction problems. The research employed a descriptive quantitative approach involving 34 seventh-grade students as research subjects. The instrument used was a written test consisting of four essay-type questions designed to measure students’ ability to convert common fractions into mixed numbers, mixed numbers into common fractions, and common fractions into decimal forms. Data were analyzed by calculating the percentage of correct answers for each indicator and categorizing them according to students’ ability levels. The results showed that students’ ability to convert common fractions into mixed numbers was in the moderate category with a percentage of 44.11%. Students’ ability to convert mixed numbers into common fractions was in the good category with a percentage of 67.64%. Meanwhile, students’ ability to convert common fractions into decimals was very low, with percentages of 14.70% and 5.88%, respectively. These findings indicate that students tend to perform better on procedural problems than on problems requiring deep conceptual understanding. Therefore, mathematics instruction should emphasize conceptual understanding of fractions through the use of varied learning media and structured practice.

This study investigates the influence of financial literacy and risk perception on entrepreneurial decision-making among young entrepreneurs in Indonesia. As youth entrepreneurship continues to expand and contribute to national economic development, understanding the cognitive and behavioral factors that drive entrepreneurial decisions becomes essential. Using a quantitative approach with a sample of 150 young entrepreneurs aged 18–35, data were collected through a structured online questionnaire and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results reveal that both financial literacy and risk perception significantly and positively influence entrepreneurial decision-making. Financial literacy is identified as the strongest predictor, highlighting the importance of financial capability in shaping rational and strategic business decisions. Moreover, risk perception not only directly affects decision-making but also indirectly influences it through financial literacy, indicating partial mediation. These findings underscore the critical role of strengthening financial knowledge and risk awareness among young entrepreneurs to enhance their decision-making effectiveness and business sustainability. This study provides important implications for policymakers, educational institutions, and entrepreneurship development programs aiming to support the growth and resilience of youth-led enterprises in Indonesia.

Background: Volleyball requires explosive leg power and coordination for effective spike performance, yet many adolescent athletes in sports-specialization classes in Indonesia show limited lower-limb power. This study aimed to compare the effects of two plyometric exercises, box jumps and squat jumps, on improving spike performance among these students in Yogyakarta. Methods: Twelve male sports-specialization students participating in extracurricular volleyball were purposively assigned to box jump or squat jump training groups (n = 6 each). Spike performance was assessed using a standardized skill test, and results were analyzed with descriptive statistics and paired-sample t-tests. Results: Both training groups showed improvements in volleyball spike performance. The box jump group increased from a pretest mean of 34 to a posttest mean of 64 spikes (t = 2.19), while the squat jump group improved from 31 to 45 spikes (t = 1.26). Neither change reached statistical significance at α = 0.05 (critical t = 2.571). Numerically, the box jump group showed a larger and more consistent gain than the squat jump group. Conclusion: Plyometric training led to practical improvements in volleyball spike performance, especially in the box jump group, though changes were not statistically significant. These results indicated that plyometric exercises could benefit school-based volleyball programs, while further research with larger samples and longer interventions is needed to confirm their effectiveness.

This study aims to measure the validity and effectiveness of the big book media based on Malind folklore "Napak Tilas Leluhur Malind" to improve the appreciative reading skills of grade IV students. This type of research is research and development (R&D) with the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) development model. This research was conducted at SD Negeri 2 Merauke with the subject of a trial of Big Book media products, namely grade IV students. The data collection techniques used were questionnaires aimed at material experts, media experts, and student responses as well as written tests used to see the effectiveness of the media. The results showed that the media of the big book based on Malind folklore "Napak Tilas Leluhur Malind" obtained a validation score of 93% for material experts, 82% for media experts, 88% student responses, and an N-gain score for students' appreciative reading skills , which was 0.73. Based on the scores obtained from material experts, media, and student responses as well as the results of the appreciative reading skills test, it can be concluded that the media of the big book based on Malind folklore "Napak Tilas Leluhur Malind" "Very Feasible" is used and is able to improve the appreciative reading skills of grade IV students in the category "High”.