Nagasaki Junior College

Electromyography (EMG) and mechanomyography (MMG) have been used to directly evaluate muscle function through the electromechanical aspect of muscle contraction. The purpose of this study was to establish new absolute indices to describe muscle contraction performance during dynamic exercise by combining EMG and displacement MMG (dMMG) measured simultaneously using our previously developed MMG/EMG hybrid transducer system. Study participants were eight healthy male non-athletes (controls) and eight male athletes. EMG and dMMG of the vastus medialis were measured for 30 s during four cycles of recumbent bicycle pedaling (30, 60, 90, and 120 W) and on passive joint movement. Total powers were calculated based on the time domain waveforms of both signals. Muscle contraction performance was verified with the slope of regression line (SRL) and the residual sum of squares (RSS) obtained from EMG and dMMG correlation. EMG and dMMG has increased with the work rate. Force and EMG were similar between groups, but dMMG showed a significant difference with load increase. Athletes had significantly higher SRL and significantly lower RSS than controls. The average value divided by SRL and RSS was higher in athletes than in controls. The indices presented by the combined approach of EMG and dMMG showed a clear contrast between the investigated groups and may be parameters that reflect muscle contraction performance during dynamic exercise.

The incidence of low back pain (LBP) is high in patients with hip osteoarthritis (OA). Evidence from previous studies suggests that lumbar alignments and hip range of motion (ROM) are important etiological factors for LBP. However, no studies have investigated which factors that have the greatest influence on LBP. This investigation aimed to collectively examine factors related to LBP in patients with hip OA, including lumbar lordosis angle (LLA), leg length discrepancy (LLD), and hip ROM. Thirty-five patients participated in this study. LBP was treated as a dependent variable, whereas hip ROMs were treated as independent variables. Patients' age and body mass index (BMI) were recorded as confounding factors, as were LLA and LLD. A logistic regression model was performed to determine the most accurate set of variables to predict LBP. BMI and ROM of hip flexion on the affected side were identified as significant variables. Our results suggest that BMI and ROM of hip flexion on the affected side are related to LBP in patients with hip OA and need to be assessed.

〔目的〕頸部回旋が随意的な咳嗽力におよぼす影響を検討すること．〔対象〕健常成人15名．〔方法〕頸部は正中位，右30°回旋位の2条件とし，各条件における咳嗽時最大呼気流速（CPF），呼吸機能検査，最長発声持続時間（MPT）を測定した．〔結果〕CPF，肺活量（VC）と％VCは正中位に比べて右30°回旋位で有意に低かった．一回換気量（TV），MPTなどは両条件で有意差はなかった．CPFとVC，努力性肺活量（FVC），一秒量（FEV1.0），％FEV1.0，最大呼気流速（PEF），MPTに正の相関が認められた．〔結語〕CPFは，VC，FVC，PEFやMPTなどと関連が認められ，頸部正中位より30°回旋位で減少することが明らかとなった．

A study was conducted to evaluate dietary intake, food intake pattern and blood composition in athletes over a 4-year period from 1988 to 1991. We measured the mean daily intakes (energy and nutrient intakes, PFC rates, minerals and vitamins) from 3-day dietary records for 110 highly trained male athletes (swimming, track & field, canoeing, soccer, cycling and weight-lifting) and 87 female athletes (swimming, track & field, canoeing, basketball and volleyball) living in Nagasaki Prefecture. We compared these measurements with the recom-mended dietary allowances (RDA) for normal Japanese. Energy, fat, calcium and iron intakes were below the RDA, especially for most female athletes and male weight-lifters.The following mean values were obtained[MALE] SOCCER (Senior High School boys) : Energy intake 3241 kcal ; Protein 106.2 g ; Fat 88.6g ; PFC rates P (13.2%), F ( 25.0%), C (61.8%) . CANOEING (Senior High School boys) : Energy 2830 kcal ; Protein 99.2g ; Fat 83.9g ; PFC rates P (14.1%), F (26.3%), C (59.6%) . TRACK & FIELD (Adults) : Energy 2870 kcal ; Protein 105.4 g ; Fat 89.3 g ; PFC rates P (13.2%), F (25.0%), C (61.8%) .[FEMALE] BASKETBALL (Adults) : Energy 1866 kcal ; Protein 70.0 g ; Fat 51.9 g ; PFC rates P (15.0%), F (25.1%), C (59.9%) . BASKETBALL (Senior High School girls) : Energy 2421 kcal ; Protein 88.9 g ; Fat 90.9 g ; PFC rates P (14.8%), F (34.0%), C (51.1%) . VOLLEYBALL (Senior High School girls) : Energy 2290 kcal ; Protein 71.6g ; Fat 72.1 g ; PFC rates P (12.6%), F (28.4%), C (59.0%) .