Namangan State University

Raqamli iqtisodiyot sharoitida kichik biznes subyektlari mamlakat iqtisodiy rivojlanishida muhim ahamiyat kasb etmoqda. Ularning faoliyat samaradorligini ishonchli baholash boshqaruv qarorlarini qabul qilishda muhim omil hisoblanadi. Biroq an’anaviy baholash usullari ko‘p hollarda faqat moliyaviy ko‘rsatkichlarga tayanib, faoliyatning barcha jihatlarini to‘liq aks ettira olmaydi. So‘nggi yillarda sun’iy intellekt texnologiyalarining rivojlanishi iqtisodiy jarayonlarni tahlil qilishda yangi metodologik yondashuvlarni shakllantirmoqda. Sun’iy intellekt asosidagi modellar katta hajmdagi ma’lumotlarni qayta ishlash, omillar o‘rtasidagi murakkab bog‘liqliklarni aniqlash va baholash aniqligini oshirish imkonini beradi.

Benzimidazol hosilalari azot tutuvchi geterosiklik birikmalar sinfiga mansub bo‘lib, yuqori biologik faolligi va kuchli koordinatsion qobiliyati sababli farmatsevtika hamda koordinatsion kimyoda muhim ahamiyat kasb etadi. Ularning molekulasida mavjud bo‘lgan azot donor markazlari 3d-qator o‘tish metallari bilan barqaror kompleks birikmalar hosil qilish imkonini beradi. Ayniqsa, temir, mis, Nikel va kobalt kabi metall ionlari bilan olingan komplekslar katalitik, antimikrob, antitumor, magnit va optik xossalari bilan ajralib turadi. Mazkur revyu maqolada benzimidazol hosilalarining asosiy sintez usullari, ularning 3d-metallar bilan kompleks hosil qilish mexanizmlari, koordinatsion geometriyasi va strukturaviy xususiyatlari tahlil qilinadi. Shuningdek, kompleks birikmalarning fizik-kimyoviy (spektral, magnit, termik) hamda biologik xossalari yoritilib, ularning amaliy qo‘llanish istiqbollari muhokama qilinadi

Silver nanoparticles were obtained in the presence of 2-propanol under both in situ and ex situ conditions. It was established that the hydrodynamic radius and polydispersity of the particles increase with rising pH (6.0–11.0) due to the accelerated reduction of Ag+ ions. Variation of the chitosan molecular-weight parameters and the chitosan/Ag+ molar ratio (5–30) enabled controlled formation of stabilized nanoparticles ranging from 20 to 140 nm. The chitosan–silver nanoparticle dispersions in 0.2–0.5% aqueous acetic solutions demonstrated pronounced fungicidal activity against Fusarium solani 169, Fusarium oxysporum 280, and Verticillium dahliae 57, producing sterile zones of 31–34 mm.

Reliable performance of electric motors is crucial for the continuous operation of robotic systems, pneumatic transport setups, and automated manufacturing lines. Traditional vibration diagnostics typically assume signal stationarity, yet real-world industrial vibrosignals exhibit heavy noise, time-varying parameters, and nonlinear dynamics, leading to fault detection only at late stages. This work presents an integrated mathematical framework that merges stochastic differential equations, Hamiltonian energy formalism, the optimal Kalman-Bucy filter, and Bayesian inference to model electric motor vibrodynamics. The approach enables fault prediction prior to amplitude growth by tracking system energy drift, innovation energy discrepancies between model and process, and spectral shifts. Theoretical evaluation reveals that the diagnostic metric features minimal variance and markedly superior sensitivity compared to conventional RMS deviation or kurtosis measures.

The article examines the increasing presence of English borrowed words (Anglicisms) in the speech of modern youth and analyzes the sociolinguistic factors contributing to this phenomenon. The research identifies key functional domains in which English loanwords are most frequently used and highlights the predominance of media-related borrowings. The findings suggest that young people consciously incorporate English words into their speech as a means of self-expression, identity formation, and adaptation to modern realities. While concerns exist regarding the potential impact on the native language, the study concludes that youth slang represents a natural stage in linguistic development and that most borrowed words can coexist with or be replaced by literary equivalents over time.

The rapid development of digital technology has transformed contemporary religious communication, requiring mosque youth to possess adequate digital dakwah literacy to disseminate Islamic messages effectively in online spaces. This community service program aimed to enhance the digital literacy, social media management skills, and readiness of mosque youth in Kecamatan Dukun-Gresik to utilize Artificial Intelligence (AI) for productive and ethical dakwah. It was tn collaboration with Dewan Masjid Indonesia Kecamatan Dukun which empowered 73 participants of mosque youths around this region. Employing a Participatory Action Research (PAR) approach, the program involved problem identification, collaborative planning, targeted training sessions, hands-on assistance, and evaluation through pre-test and post-test assessments. The results indicate a significant improvement in participants’ competencies, as reflected in the increase of the average score from 43.87 (pre-test) to 78.54 (post-test), along with positive feedback on content-creation skills, social media management, and AI-based dakwah practices. The program concludes that structured training and collaborative mentoring effectively strengthen the digital capacity of mosque youth, enabling them to become competent and ethical digital communicators capable of advancing mosque-based dakwah in the digital era.

Abstract Phthaloyl-chitosan (PhCh) blended with polyethene oxide (PEO) forms the host in a gel polymer electrolyte with a composition of 5.04 wt.% PhCh-1.26wt.% PEO-31.51wt.% DMF-37.81 wt.% EC-24.38wt.% TPAI(+ I 2 ). To this composition X wt. % of tert-butyl pyridine (TBP) [X = 0, 2, 4, 6, 8] has been added. The conductivity of the electrolytes has been calculated from impedance data obtained using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)—the GPEs with different wt. % TBP exhibits a conductivity of 9 mS cm − 1 , which is slightly lower than the GPE without TBP being 11 mS cm − 1 at room temperature. Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have been assembled with a ruthenium-based dye as sensitizer. The photocurrent density-voltage ( J-V ) characteristics of the DSSCs have been measured under white-light illumination of 1000 W m-2, with an active area of 0.20 cm 2 . The electrolytes containing 8 wt.% TBP exhibit the highest efficiency of 8.74% with J sc = 17.23 mA cm − 2 , V oc = 0.72 V and FF 0.70. The incident photon to current conversion efficiency (IPCE) for DSSC was characterised using the Newport Model 70528 Oriel Monochromator Illuminator—the DSSC with eight wt. % TBP shows the highest quantum efficiency of 72.9% at 530 nm.