National Academy of Engineering

Provides society information that may include news, reviews or technical notes that should be of interest to practitioners and researchers.

Being a professor-engineer in engineering courses is common in universities in Latin America and the Caribbean, so it is likely that pedagogical practices are not the subject of reflection, since the activity, in most cases, would focus on the contents.Therefore, in this article, we review various pedagogical training proposals for engineers and anticipate a teacher-training program endorsed by LACCEI, an organization focused on collaboration, education, practice, research, and innovation in Engineering and Technology.The issue of training is a priority

Chapter 1 provides an introduction to the subject matter of the book and a description of the topics discussed in the chapters.

Cellular Biology from Brandeis University and has over 5 years of recruitment and higher education administration experience.At Purdue, Jackie is passionate about preparing future graduate students

In this study, the dispersal of atmospheric pollutants from point sources and their photochemical transformations are examined. The mass conservation principle underlies a system of differential equations formulated to describe the transfer and transformation processes, incorporating stoichiometric formulas and reaction rate constants. The atmospheric boundary layer model and the transport-transformation equation of pollutants are considered, integrating a specific parameter to assess the influence of anthropogenic heat sources and surface heterogeneity on pollutant dispersion. Using Ust-Kamenogorsk, an industrial city in Kazakhstan, as a case study, the model accounts for variations in photochemical transformations due to weather conditions, ambient temperature, and time of day. To facilitate numerical simulations of atmospheric pollution and visualize various scenarios, a software application package was created, incorporating photochemical transformations. The developed suite of applications has been verified with real data and benchmarked against contemporary software packages such as WRF and SILAM. Moving forward, the refined model aims to forecast air pollution patterns in industrial cities across Kazakhstan.

The National Academy of Sciences convened a committee to generate a report titled “Development of a Framework for Evaluating Global Greenhouse Gas Emissions Information for Decision Making”. The report:  Described approaches used to develop global anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions inventories, including the use of surveys Discussed the potential uses and limitations of these approaches Provided a framework to evaluate emissions information and inventories Presented several case studies to demonstrate how the framework could be applied to evaluate emissions information and inventory approaches and identify strengths and opportunities for improvement for each case study. Identified ways to improve methodological transparency, sustainability and continuity of relevant observations, and product confidence in global anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions inventories  To accomplish this the committee identified a series of “pillars” that were deemed ideal characteristics of GHG inventories for decisionmaking. Three dominant GHG inventory development approaches were identified from the existing work and ranked within the series of pillars. The committee made a series of recommendations for continued development of inventories to enhance their quality and utility to decisionmakers.In this presentation I will describe the major content of the report, describing the evaluation matrix and a summary of the committee’s recommendations.

Inequities in health and health care in the United States have persisted for decades, and the impacts on equity from the COVID-19 pandemic were no exception. In addition to the disproportionate burden of the disease across various populations, the pandemic posed several challenges, which exacerbated these existing inequities. This has undoubtedly contributed to deeply rooted public mistrust in medical research and healthcare delivery, particularly among historically and structurally oppressed populations. In the summer of 2020, given the series of social injustices posed by the pandemic and highly publicized incidents of police brutality, notably the murder of George Floyd, the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) enlisted the help of a national collaborative, the AAMC Collaborative for Health Equity: Act, Research, Generate Evidence (CHARGE) to establish a three-way partnership that would gather and prioritize community perspectives and lived experiences from multiple regions across the US on the role of academic medicals centers (AMCs) in advancing health and social justice. Given physical gathering constraints posed by the pandemic, virtual interviews were conducted with 30 racially and ethnically diverse community members across the country who expressed their views on how medical education, clinical care, and research could or did impact their health experiences. These interviews were framed within the context of the relationship between historically oppressed groups and the COVID-19 vaccine clinical trials underway. From the three-way partnership formed with the AAMC, AAMC CHARGE participants, and 30 community members from racially and ethnically diverse groups, qualitative methods provided lived experiences supporting other literature on the lack of trust between oppressed communities and AMCs. This led to the development of the Principles of Trustworthiness (PoT) Toolkit, which features ten principles inspired by community members' insights into how AMCs can demonstrate they are worthy of their community's trust. In the end, the three-way partnership serves as a successful model for other national medical and health organizations to establish community engaged processes that elicit and prioritize lived experiences describing relationships between AMCs and oppressed communities.

Unexpected but inevitable surprises like a new bird flu or a category 5 typhoon can become too complex to be planned for using conventional techniques, even by the most informed and influential entities. To better engage with such complexity, more collaborative approaches are essential to reduce their detrimental consequences. This talk will provide some perspectives on how systems engineering can provide such capabilities, identify opportunities for systems thinking to guide foresight in shaping agile responses like resilient supply networks. It will review the US National Academy of Engineering’s programs—centered on people, systems, and culture—that are taking on this challenge, and how making engineering more inclusive empowers positive results.

The process of identifying, collecting and interpreting information about students' learning is known as Assessment. To evaluate, measure, and document the students’ learning various methods and tools of Assessment can be used. It basically improves learning and also directs the ongoing teaching and learning process. Assessment system can help to develop attitude competency and mindset of the students. This paper discusses on the design and assessment system or method for developing attitude competency and mindset of learners discusses attitude competency, various competencies, competency based system of assessment (CBA), Competency-based assessment tools (CBT), and outcome of competency-based assessment (CBA). Key Words: Assessment, CBA, CBT, competency, mindset.