National Association of Independent Colleges and Universities

This paper reviews prior research, updates recent research, and comments on directions for future research on the baccalaureate origins of women doctorates. Specifically, we examine the physical science and engineering doctorate productivity of the baccalaureate institutions for the cohort of women who earned a baccalaureate between 1976 and 1986 and earned a doctorate prior to 1992. Women doctorate productivity within the physical sciences for these baccalaureate institutions is compared by the institutional groups determined by Carnegie classification and institutional gender. A new index — the gender balance ratio — is used to assess women doctorate productivity in relation to men doctorate productivity.