National Communication Association

Abstract Over 90% of U.S. homes are wood-based, making the residential construction sector both a major consumer of wood products and an important carbon sink. Understanding its long-term dynamics is critical for economic planning and carbon mitigation. Current U.S. models typically apply an exponential decay function to estimate carbon stored in wood products. However, recent research suggests this may not accurately reflect the time dynamics of wood products in housing, which remain in use for extended periods before disposal. This study compares the projections of U.S. single-family, multifamily, and manufactured housing inventories and associated carbon stocks from 2022 to 2070 using the conventional exponential decay model and an alternative chi- squared decay model, combined with three half-live assumptions (short, base, and long). Results reveal substantial differences in projected outcomes: under exponential decay, U.S. housing inventory declines, depending on half-life assumption, by 3 to 19% relative to 2022 levels, while chi-squared decay shows reductions of 3 to 52%. In contrast, total carbon stocks in housing inventory increase in the exponential model with all three half-life assumptions (14% to 16% relative to 2022 levels) and the chi-squared decay model with base and long half-life assumptions (10 to 18%). However, they decrease slightly (1%) for the chi-squared decay model with the short half-life assumption. These findings highlight the housing sector’s role in carbon storage and calls for a need to empirically validate decay functions and half-life parameters using updated time series data to improve long-term projections of housing inventories and associated carbon stocks.

This paper re-examines the historical identity of the Tatau people in Sarawak, Borneo, challenging persistent misconceptions in both academic discourse and local narratives. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork, genealogical records, and archival sources, it demonstrates that the Tatau constitute an indigenous Punan community with longstanding roots in the Tatau River basin. The analysis critiques the prevailing conflation of Tatau identity with the Rumah Jalong longhouse, revealing this association as a product of mid-twentieth-century Ibanisation and colonial-era administrative categorisation. By reconstructing territorial affiliations, kinship linkages, and migration histories, the paper argues that Tatau identity historically encompassed a broader network of settlements — including Murung Tuguong, Murung Data, and Murung Muput — extending beyond the demographic and symbolic reach of Rumah Jalong. It also foregrounds the region’s multi-ethnic interactions, including longstanding relations with Melanau, Kanowit, Tanjong, and Berawan groups, thereby problematising assumptions of Iban cultural dominance. The study advocates for a more historically attuned and genealogically informed approach to the study of indigenous identity in Sarawak — one that accounts for the fluidity of ethnic categories, the politics of memory, and the contingent nature of community claims over time.

Recent studies reported low utilization of medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) in adult drug courts. We surveyed 94% of U.S. state and territorial drug court coordinators about their efforts to enhance delivery of MOUD and the overdose-reversal medication, naloxone. Roughly 90% of programs have retracted or never had policy prohibitions against MOUD, including methadone and buprenorphine. However, only about one quarter of states have enacted specific policies to enhance utilization, such as requiring staff to receive MOUD training or conduct routine screening of clients’ MOUD treatment needs. One half to two thirds of states do not monitor their programs’ delivery of MOUD or naloxone or barriers to implementation. Possibly as a result, only about one quarter or less of clients with an opioid use disorder receive the medications in most drug courts. The authors provide recommendations to help state and territorial agencies promote effective MOUD and naloxone practices in their adult drug courts.

J Rheumatol 2024; doi: 10.3899/jrheum.2023-0698 Lynne Kennedy Matallana, MS, was missing from the author byline and footnotes. Her affiliation is National Fibromyalgia Association, Newport Beach, California, USA. She declares no conflicts of interest relevant to the article. This correction applies only to the February 15 2024 First Release. The correct author byline and footnotes appear in the print and online issues.

Abstract The Minority Treaties that were signed at the end of First World War were not only instrumental in establishing the status of minorities in their respective countries but also significant in terms of their impact on nation‐building processes. Through focusing on the post‐Ottoman lands, and specifically on Turkey, this paper examines the tension between the goals of the Allied Powers and the League of Nations, and those of the nationalist political elites in the newly‐created national states.

This essay analyzes the arguments of the antivaccination movement, arguing that many analysts have misdiagnosed the root causes of vaccine skepticism. It is no longer productive for argumentation scholars to discount scientific skepticism as simply a problem of an ignorant public, religious zealots, or conservative ideologies, because antivaccine beliefs transcend ideology. The authors argue that simplistic accusations of blame on one political or cultural subgroup are inaccurate, and that the emergence of powerful antivaccine advocates points to the power of a conspiracy theory supported by anecdotes.

Two studies assessed the construct validity of the value-relevant involvement scale (Cho & Boster, 2005), (N = 308 and N = 285). Study 1 assessed the extent to which VRI was related to attitude structure and self-reports of behavior about a topic. Study 2 tested the extent to which VRI can predict reactions to counterattitudinal messages. The data were consistent with the hypotheses proposing that VRI is associated with the strength of biased processing outcomes including perceiving bias in the source, the belief that the source’s supporters have been misled, and arguing about the topic on Facebook.

This investigation explored three issues relevant to inoculation theory’s function. First, the stamina of inoculation-generated resistance was examined at 2-, 4-, and 6-week time intervals between treatment and persuasive attack. Second, inoculation and attack messages as booster treatments were compared. Finally, this study tested the ability of inoculation-generated resistance to withstand three persuasive attacks. Results from a 230-participant five-phase experiment indicate erosion of generated resistance with a longer time delay. However, booster treatments in the form of a second inoculation message demonstrate potential to lengthen the inoculation effect. In addition, generated resistance remained after three persuasive attacks.

This article examined complaint avoidance as a function of both the strength of people’s motivational systems and people’s expectations of conflict interactions. We suggested outcome expectancies and efficacy assessments mediate the associations between aversive and appetitive motivational systems, and complaint avoidance. Three hundred and sixty-six students completed measures assessing motivational systems (BIS/FFFS/BAS, RTS/RIS), outcome expectancies, efficacy assessments, and complaint avoidance behaviors. Our study provided partial support for our hypotheses that motivational systems influence complaint avoidance, and these associations are influenced by both outcome expectancies and efficacy assessments.