National Institute of Technology, Gifu College

WASAVIES (WArning System for AVIation Exposure to Solar energetic particles) is a physics-based nowcasting system designed to support warning operations for aviation exposure to solar energetic particles (SEPs) by providing near-real-time global SEP d

This paper analyzes the formation of urban tissues north of Gifu Station during postwar reconstruction, focusing on two row-type shop-house developments built by repatriates: “Dai-Harupin-gai Housing” (1947) and “Kōsei Housing” (1950). Through historical documentation and field surveys, the research reconstructs their original spatial and architectural configurations. It highlights a unique building-led development pattern where housing construction preceded urban infrastructure planning, significantly influenced by pre-war textile factory remnants.

Abstract Reduction of Na content in type II Ge clathrate thin films doped with 4 at% Cu was achieved through annealing under vacuum. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis combined with Rietveld refinement confirmed the preservation of the type II clathrate structure and a decrease in Na content from 20.0 to 14.0. Correspondingly, absorbance spectra revealed a reduction in free-carrier absorption. Additionally, In-doped type II Ge clathrate thin films were synthesized using In-Ge films with In atomic ratios of <1 at% and 3 at%. The formation of clathrate structures was verified by XRD patterns. Broadening of both XRD and Raman peaks suggests the incorporation of In atoms into the Ge clathrate framework.

A position sensorless control technique for interior permanent magnet synchronous motors (IPMSMs) has been developed using a full-order observer based on a simplified motor model that omits the q-axis inductance $L_{q}$. This simplified model also facilitates the implementation of maximum torque per ampere(MTPA)control. However, designing the full-order observer is complex owing to the four-dimensional nature of its error equation. To address this limitation, this study proposed a sliding mode observer based on the simplified IPMSM model. In this method, the error equation is reduced from four dimensions to two by sliding mode control, making it easier to analyze the pole assignment problem compared with the full-order observer. This advantage makes enables the design the observer pole assignment for robust flux estimation in the presence of velocity estimation inaccuracies, which is a parameter of the observer, and provides a clear solution to the pole placement problem. The simulation result demonstrates that the proposed pole assignment for the sliding observer is effective, and that MTPA control can be implemented in position and velocity sensorless control of IPMSM.

Precise spatiotemporal control of biological microswimmers like Euglena gracilis is crucial for advancing their use in biomedical applications such as targeted drug delivery. While E. gracilis manipulation has been demonstrated previously, quantitative characterization of their photophobic responses, particularly regarding temporal dynamics and population density, is still lacking. Here we show a novel light irradiation system integrated with a digital micromirror device (DMD) that enables precise spatiotemporal control of E. gracilis within microfluidic channels. We demonstrate trapping, collection, and bi-directional migration of E. gracilis populations using photostimulation. We quantitatively analyze microorganism density changes and migration speeds under various light stimuli conditions. Comparative analysis revealed that laser illumination achieved more than twice the boundary reflection efficiency of LED illumination due to steeper intensity gradients. The system achieves rapid response times of 30-190 s for unidirectional migration over 1 mm, significantly faster than previous reports. Furthermore, we demonstrate bi-directional migration over 2 mm while maintaining stable microswimmer density. This precise maneuvering ability of photostimulated E. gracilis has potential applications in non-invasive biomedical interventions, such as targeted drug delivery. Our work provides critical insights into the spatiotemporal control of biological microswimmers, paving the way for their integration into advanced microsystems and sensors. • DMD-integrated system for precise E. gracilis photostimulation in microfluidics • Improved photostimulation using blue laser (more than 2X boundary reflection efficiency) over blue LED • Rapid 1 mm migration in 30-190 s, faster than previous reports • Bidirectional migration over 2 mm with minimal density loss • Quantitative analysis of microorganism density under various light stimuli

This paper describes density-based topology optimization for multi-objective problem using a modified optimality criteria (OC) method. Multi-objective problems include strain energy minimization and von Mises stress minimization. The update equation for topology optimization is a map-based modified OC method, which is a modification of the modified OC method. The linear weighted sum method was employed for multi-objective optimization, and the effects of the weights of the linear weighted sum method on the optimal design results was presented.

Splenic infarction is a disease that develops as a result of a thrombotic predisposition. Most areas of malperfusion are usually small and unnoticeable. However, when massive infarction occurs, it is often diagnosed after the onset of clinical symptoms, such as abdominal pain or fever. In contrast, asymptomatic postoperative extensive splenic infarction is occasionally observed. Although conservative management is generally the first-line treatment for splenic infarction, surgical intervention is indicated in cases complicated by splenic abscess or rupture. Some reports suggest that extensive splenic infarction may result in atrophy or complete loss of the spleen over time. A 65-year-old woman presented with chronic epigastric pain and was diagnosed with gastric cancer through upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. The endoscopy revealed an ulcerated mass at the lesser curvature of the middle gastric body, and a biopsy confirmed a moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma. A laparoscopic distal gastrectomy was initially planned. However, the surgical approach was converted to an open total gastrectomy because of the spread of the tumor to the greater curvature of the gastric body and enlargement of the distal lymph nodes of the splenic artery, which were not included in the planned lymphadenectomy. Postoperatively, the patient experienced no abdominal pain or fever. However, on POD 7, blood tests revealed elevated hepatobiliary enzymes, and a contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) scan showed a loss of flow in the splenic artery and vein, leading to a diagnosis of extensive splenic infarction. A follow-up CECT scan 3 months later revealed a notable reduction of the splenic parenchyma over time. This is a rare case of asymptomatic, extensive splenic infarction incidentally diagnosed following total gastrectomy and successfully treated with conservative management.

Synchronous reluctance motors (SynRMs) are notable for lacking magnets or and rotor windings. For control of torque of SynRMs, information about position of rotor is essential; however, sensorless control is preferred for improved reliability, cost reduction, and space saving. This approach is challenging at low velocities due to the reduced electromotive force from the flux. We proposed a position-estimation method using the SynRM model to estimate the high-frequency extended EMF (HF - EEMF), including position information, by superimposing small high-frequency (HF) currents using SynRM. The SynRM's inductance changed significantly based on the load. We discussed how the influence between the setting value and the actual value of the d-axis inductance in the SynRM model affected this position estimation method, and experiments verified its influence. Additionally, we introduced a method to measure the actual value of the d-axis inductance using experimental result. The proposed method was verified experimentally.

Summary In this article we continue our proofs on integrals of continuous functions of three variables in Mizar. In fact, we use similar techniques as in the case of two variables: we deal with projections of continuous function, the continuity of three variable functions in general, aiming at pure real-valued functions (not necessarily extended real-valued functions), concluding with integrability and iterated integrals of continuous functions of three variables.

Background: Systematic measurement of $t$ and $^{3}\mathrm{He}$ knockout processes is planned. The weakly-bound nature of these nuclei may affect the interpretation of forthcoming knockout reaction data.Purpose: We aim at clarifying breakup properties of $t$ and $^{3}\mathrm{He}$ by investigating their elastic and breakup cross sections.Methods: We employ the four-body continuum-discretized coupled-channels method with the eikonal approximation to describe the reactions with $t$ and $^{3}\mathrm{He}$ projectiles.Results: The breakup cross section of $t$ is found to be almost the same as that of $^{3}\mathrm{He}$ and is about one-third of that of $d$. Coulomb breakup plays negligible role in the breakup of $t$ and $^{3}\mathrm{He}$, in contrast to in the deuteron breakup reaction. It is found that $t$ and $^{3}\mathrm{He}$ tend to break up into three nucleons rather than $d$ and a nucleon.Conclusions: It is shown that the breakup cross sections of $t$ and $^{3}\mathrm{He}$ are not as large as those of $d$ but non-negligible. Because about 80% of them corresponds to the three-nucleon breakup process, a four-body breakup reaction model is necessary to quantitatively describe the breakup of $t$ and $^{3}\mathrm{He}$.