Neoleukin Therapeutics (United Kingdom)

Abstract Background: Tumor-specific neoantigens are considered as personalized and potential ultimate targets for cancer immunotherapy. Recently, neoantigen cancer vaccines have been designed to train the patient's immune system to specifically target and kill tumor cells. However, the safety and efficacy of neoantigen vaccines in pancreatic cancer treatment remain poorly understood. Methods: Personalized peptide neoantigen cancer vaccines were successfully designed and manufactured for pancreatic cancers with low tumor mutation burden. Seven patients with advanced pancreatic cancer refractory to standard treatments were enrolled and treated with personalized peptide neoantigen vaccine, iNeo-Vac-P01. Besides the evaluation of the safety and clinical efficacy of iNeo-Vac- P01, pre- and post-vaccination peripheral blood samples were collected to analyze the vaccine’s immunogenicity.Results: For all 7 patients, none sever vaccine-related adverse effects was witnessed. The mean progression free survival, overall survival (OS) and OS associated with vaccine treatment were 3.1, 24.1 and 8.3 months, respectively. For Patient P01, who had a 21-month OS associated with vaccine treatment, the abundance of the TCR clone remarkably increased after vaccination, indicating the potential of iNeo-Vac-P01 to specifically induce a subset of T cells to kill tumor cells. This study also demonstrated that the quantity of IFN-γ in peripheral blood might be a potential biomarker for OS.Conclusions: We believed that it was the first tentative study focused in the application of peptide-based neoantigen cancer vaccine in advanced pancreatic cancer. Promisingly, personalized peptide neoantigen vaccine might provide a new strategy to improve the limited clinical efficacy for pancreatic cancer.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03645148. Registered August 24, 2018 - Retrospectively registered, https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03645148?term=neoantigen&cond=Pancreatic+Cancer&cntry=CN&draw=2&rank=1

Background : Synthetic bone graft is a material that resembles human bone phase and is developed due to clinical demand. Calcium carbonte (CaCO 3 /Calcite) has been used as bone substitution one of the methods to fabricate calcite is phase transformation by dissolution–precipitation reaction. Previous study did the same method but with lower temperature (<100oC). Calcium sulfate anhydrate (CaSO 4 ) granules used as precursor is immersed in 0.5 mol/L sodium carbonate (Na 2 CO 3 ) solution at 100oC for 12 h. Objective : This study aims to fabricate CaCO 3 granules from CaSO 4 granules when the temperature is higher than the previous study. Methods : Fabricate CaCO 3 granules using CaSO 4 granules as precursor by dissolution-precipitation reaction in Na 2 CO 3 solution with 12 h immersion time with 100oC temperature. Powder X-ray diffraction patterns and Fourier transform infrared spectra study will be performed to characterize the granules. Results: CaCO 3 granules are fabricated by dissolution-precipitation reaction in Na 2 CO 3 solution with 12 h immersion time when the temperature was 100oC. Conclusion: CaSO 4 granules used as precursor are a potential material to fabricate CaCO 3 by using dissolution-precipitation reaction with 12 hours immersion time and 100oC temperature.

Early Childhood Caries (ECC) merupakan suatu keadaan terjadinya decay (kavitas dan non kavitas), missing (karena karies), atau filling pada satu atau lebih gigi sulung pada anak usia ≤ 71 bulan. Wayne (1999) membagi tingkat keparahan ECC menjadi tiga klasifikasi berdasarkan tanda klinis, penyebab, dan usia anak yaitu tipe I (mild), tipe II (moderate), dan tipe III (severe). Tingkat kejadian karies semakin meningkat pada anak yang mengonsumsi susu menggunakan botol. Gambaran klinis pada ECC yang disebabkan oleh konsumsi susu memiliki pola yang khas, yaitu mengenai empat gigi insisif atas, sedangkan empat gigi insisif bawah biasanya tetap sehat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya hubungan riwayat pola mengonsumsi susu botol dengan tingkat keparahan ECC pada anak usia 3-5 tahun di Kecamatan Kuranji Kota Padang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 58 anak usia 3-5 tahun dengan riwayat mengonsumsi susu formula botol minimal dua tahun. Pemilihan anggota sampel menggunakan teknik consecutive sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dan pemeriksaan rongga mulut responden. Analisis data menggunakan uji Chi-Square. Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan nilai p < 0,15 untuk masing-masing pola lama pemberian susu botol, waktu pemberian susu botol, penambahan pemanis, dan tindakan pencegahan. Nilai p > 0,15 untuk pola cara pemberian susu botol. Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara riwayat pola lama pemberian susu botol, waktu pemberian susu botol, penambahan pemanis, dan tindakan pencegahan dengan tingkat keparahan ECC pada anak usia 3-5 tahun di Kecamatan Kuranji Kota Padang. Kata Kunci: Early childhood caries, pola mengonsumsi susu botol

Early Childhood Caries (ECC) is a state of occurrence of decayed (cavities and non cavities), missing (due to caries), or filling on one or more deciduous teeth in children aged ≤ 71 months. Wayne (1999) divided the severity of ECC into three classifications based on clinical signs, causes, and age of the child namely type I (mild), type II (moderate), and type III (severe). The rate of caries incidence is increasing in children who consume milk using bottles. Clinical pattern to ECC caused by bottle feeding has a distinctive pattern, which is about four upper incisors, while four lower incisors usually remain healthy. This study aims to determine the correlation between the history and pattern of bottle feeding and the severity of ECC in children aged 3-5 years in Kuranji District, Padang City. This study is an analytical study with a cross sectional approach. The study sample consisted of 58 children aged 3-5 years with a history of bottle feeding for at least two years. Samples are selected through consecutive sampling technique. Data are collected using questionnaires and through examining respondents' oral cavity. Data collected are analyzed using Chi-Square Test. Statistical test result shown p &lt; 0,15 for each pattern of bottle feeding duration in years, the time of bottle feeding, the addition of sweeteners, and preventive measures. P is valued as &gt; 0,15 for bottle feeding method. There is a significant relationship between the history and the pattern of bottle feeding duration in years, the time of bottle feeding, the addition of sweeteners, and preventive measures with the severity of ECC in children aged 3-5 years in Kuranji District, Padang City.