Neuroendocrine Tumor Research Foundation

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a devastating genetic hematologic disorder affecting approximately 80,000 African Americans. Beyond the well-characterized vaso-occlusive pain crises, patients experience significant psychological morbidity, including kinesiophobia (fear of movement) and depression, which profoundly impact quality of life and functional outcomes. This comprehensive review synthesizes current evidence on the relationship between kinesiophobia and depression in SCD patients, with particular attention to gender differences, underlying pathophysiological mechanisms, and clinical implications for multidisciplinary care. We conducted a systematic examination of the literature on kinesiophobia, depression, and psychosocial factors in SCD, incorporating data from multiple cohort studies totaling 247 adult African American patients. Assessment instruments included the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-Revised (CESD-r). Kinesiophobia prevalence in SCD patients (mean TSK score = 30.48) was comparable to patients with chronic back pain and fibromyalgia. Significant gender differences emerged, with women demonstrating strong positive correlations between kinesiophobia and depression (BDI r = 0.31, p = 0.045; CESD-r = 0.54, p = 0.009), while no significant relationships were observed in men (BDI r = 0.24, p > 0.05; CESD-r = 0.13, p > 0.05). The relationship appears mediated by psychomotor retardation, somatization, and pain catastrophizing behaviors. Fear of movement represents a clinically significant but underrecognized contributor to depressive symptomatology in women with SCD. These findings highlight the need for gender-specific psychological interventions and integrated care approaches that address both physical and mental health components of this complex genetic disorder.

We demonstrate coherent orbital angular momentum (OAM) generation from chaotic phase screens with discrete integer-valued azimuthal bias. Through Fourier analysis, we prove that coherent OAM amplitude is nonzero only when the ensemble-averaged complex phase factor has corresponding integer Fourier coefficients. For discretized Gaussian bias, the coherent power follows a universal exponential profile in scaled coordinates, while continuous bias yields sinc-filtered spectra with algebraic decay. Monte Carlo simulations validate these selection rules, showing forbidden level suppression exceeding four orders of magnitude and correlation with theory above 99.9 percent. The discrete statistical structure enables deterministic control of coherent OAM content, with immediate applications in optical communications and sensing via spatial light modulators or metasurfaces. Beyond static scalar beams, we show that coherent selection extends to spin-orbit coupled vector beams and enables time-multiplexed coherent filters via dynamic discrete bias, both of which elevate practical utility without additional hardware complexity.

For the past couple of centuries, much of tiger beetle taxonomic work has been focused on explaining intraspecific variation. In the Northern Hemisphere, over a thousand subspecies have been described and many have since been relegated to synonymy. Generally, the phenotypic-based subspecies circumscription has been purely descriptive. More quantitative and integrative analyses of the color and pattern variation in tiger beetles would be valuable. The geographically wide-ranging species, Calomera littoralis (Fabricius, 1987) contains 11 currently recognized subspecies, including two described from Mongolia that have been of questionable status due to the paucity of material available when they were described. Here, we assess the distribution of phenotypic variation within C. l. peipingensis (Mandl, 1934) and C. l. mongolensis (Mandl, 1981) to determine whether it best fits a pattern of two subspecies with a contact zone or a gradual cline, based on 494 specimens from 34 populations. Non-metric multidimensional scaling analyses and modeling of the fit between longitude and black dorsal phenotypes both indicate that the variation is best explained by a gradual cline of phenotype along an east-west gradient, not the presence of separate subspecies. As a result, we synonymize C. littoralis mongolensis, syn, nov. with C. littoralis peipingensis.

de incluso (CI) do leo essencial (OE) de Psidium cattleyanum (CAT) em 2-hidroxipropil--ciclodextrina (HPCD), previamente preparado e caracterizado, na avaliao da atividade larvicida em Aedes aegypti.Assim, tanto o OE quando o CI foram aplicados

502 Background: SCAN assessed the global delivery of NET diagnostics and treatment. This analysis focused on the diagnostic process in gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) neuroendocrine tumor (NET) patients in countries with more robust respondent samples (at least 100 units of analysis): Australia (AU), Canada (CA), China (CH), France (FR), Germany (DE), United Kingdom (UK), and the United States (USA). Methods: During Sept-Nov 2019, 2359 NET patients & caregivers, and 436 healthcare professionals (HCPs) completed a self-reported online survey, available in 14 languages, disseminated via INCA and its partner networks. Results: 71% (1670/2359) were GEP-NET patients, 71% of which were from 7 countries (1188/1670), namely AU (7%, 120/1670), CA (9%, 154/1670), CH (7%, 114/1670), FR (8%, 137/1670), DE (9%, 149/1670), UK (11%, 191/1670) and USA (19%, 323/1670). Primary GEP-NETs were predominantly small intestinal (SI) with similar proportions in AU, CA, DE, FR,, UK and US and smaller in CH (*p < 0.001, Chi-squared). Second most common primary was pancreatic NET (similar across countries). Misdiagnosis was very frequent and occurred at least once but most commonly multiple times (table). The most frequent misdiagnoses were irritable bowel syndrome (AU 60%, CA 34%, CH 14%, FR 27%, DE 31%, UK 55%, USA 55%) and gastritis (AU 42%, CA 37%, CH 51%, FR 51%, DE 37%, UK 30%, USA 51%). Patients presented with stage IV disease in more than half of cases in 5 countries (table). On average three HCPs were involved in the diagnostic process in all above-mentioned countries. The HCPs who most often suggested the test that led to the correct diagnosis were gastroenterologists in CH 28%, FR 43%, DE 34%, USA 28%, and GPs in AU 28%, CA 27%, and UK 24% (45/191). In the majority of cases the diagnosis was received in a hospital without a NET specialist, except for CH (AU 38%; CA 42%; CH 25%; FR 36%, DE 51%, UK 44%, USA 45%). Conclusions: SCAN demonstrates some interesting geographical variations with respect to tumor demographics and stage at presentation. Nonetheless, delayed GEP-NET diagnosis remains a significant global challenge. Enhanced knowledge about GEP-NETs in hospitals without NET specialists, especially among gastroenterologists and family doctors (GPs), will drive improvements in global NET care.[Table: see text]