New Light Industries (United States)

Urbanicity is a growing environmental challenge for mental health. Here, we investigate correlations of urbanicity with brain structure and function, neuropsychology and mental illness symptoms in young people from China and Europe (total n = 3,867). We developed a remote-sensing satellite measure (UrbanSat) to quantify population density at any point on Earth. UrbanSat estimates of urbanicity were correlated with brain volume, cortical surface area and brain network connectivity in the medial prefrontal cortex and cerebellum. UrbanSat was also associated with perspective-taking and depression symptoms, and this was mediated by neural variables. Urbanicity effects were greatest when urban exposure occurred in childhood for the cerebellum, and from childhood to adolescence for the prefrontal cortex. As UrbanSat can be generalized to different geographies, it may enable assessments of correlations of urbanicity with mental illness and resilience globally.

Over the last few decades, many countries, especially Caribbean island ones, have been challenged by the devastating consequences of natural disasters, which pose a significant threat to human health and safety. Timely information related to the distribution of vulnerable population and critical infrastructure are key for an effective disaster relief. OpenStreetMap (OSM) has repeatedly been shown to be highly suitable for disaster mapping and management. However, large portions of the world, including countries exposed to natural disasters, remain unmapped. In this study, we propose a methodology that relies on remotely sensed measurements (e.g. VIIRS, Sentinel-2 and Sentinel-1) and derived classification schemes (e.g. forest and built-up land cover) to predict the completeness of OSM building footprints in three small island states (Haiti, Dominica and St. Lucia). We find that the combinatorial effects of these predictors explain up to 94% of the variation of the completeness of OSM building footprints. Our study extends the existing literature by demonstrating how remotely sensed measurements could be leveraged to evaluate the completeness of OSM database, especially in countries at high risk of natural disasters. Identifying areas that lack coverage of OSM features could help prioritize mapping efforts, especially in areas vulnerable to natural hazards and where current data gaps pose an obstacle to timely and evidence-based disaster risk management actions.

The microstructure evolution and properties of Al-matrix in homogenized 7A56 alloy were investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), electrical conductivity and hardness test. The second phases in as-cast 7A56 alloy consisted of AlZnMgCu, Al2Cu and Al7Cu2Fe. With the homogenization temperature increasing, more non-equilibrium phase AlZnMgCu was dissolved into Al-matrix. The diffusion of alloying elements from AlZnMgCu phase into Al-matrix leads to a decrease of electrical conductivity and an increase of hardness. The lattice constant of α-Al has an increases of 0.0019 Å, 0.0032 Å and 0.0053 Å after 380°C/24h,430°C/24h,and 470°C/24 h treatment,respectively.

Aluminum is the richest metallic element in the earth, the ingots cast by DC casting process are usually extruded into aluminum bars. When the final products do not require high strength, this process appears to be low efficiency and high cost. We try to design a new technology to cast aluminum bar by horizontal direct chill (HDC) casting process directly. An electromagnetic field is applied during the horizontal continuous casting of 6061 aluminium bar with a diameter of 30mm. The experimental results show the asymmetry of the sump can be overcome by electromagnetic field. Ingot with good upper and lower surface quality is obtained. The structure of ingot is refined and the angle between growth direction and horizontal direction becomes small with increasing casting speed.

Abstract To design normally suggests something supernatural. It seems to require powers we reflexively assign only to ourselves and to gods: the powers of intelligence, creativity, and purpose. However, this chapter shows that nature itself exhibits all the measurable attributes of those powers, to a degree a hundred million times greater than the capacity of a human brain or a modern supercomputer.KeywordsGenetic AlgorithmNatural SelectionLens SystemCutthroat TroutDarwinian EvolutionThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

Final technical report compares and evaluates new diesel and diesel hybrid-electric articulated buses operated as part of the King County Metro Transit (KC Metro) fleet in Seattle, Washington. The evaluation lasted 12 months.

Interim technical report compares and evaluates new diesel and diesel hybrid-electric articulated buses operated as part of the King County Metro Transit (KC Metro) fleet in Seattle, Washington.

Forming conditions such as a proper convergence angle were investigated to overcome the defects often encountered in tubing BA11 aluminum alloy 20 mm in outside diameter and 0.8 mm in thickness. Forming states of the skelp under the test conditions were evaluated. The effective forming condition is to control the proper convergence angle by widening the edges of the skelp already formed into a circle compulsively with seam guide rolls. The reasons are sufficient controlling of the faying edges and little forming at the squeeze rolls. The deflection being brought about on the edges by girth-reducing of the skelp at squeeze rolls, that is, hollow sinking also is a relative factor. The effect of deflection is moderated by decrease in drawing resistance, smooth deformation in drawing and transition into compressive strain.