Nihon Nohyaku (Japan)

This study investigates the effects of roll, pitch, and heave on the motion characteristics of a fully wind-powered ship equipped with two rigid wing sails. While previous research by the authors demonstrated that L-shaped and T-shaped sail arrangements improve thrust generation and maneuverability, the importance of six-degree-of-freedom (6-DOF) motion modeling has not been fully clarified. To clarify this open question, the present work provides a systematic comparison between the 6-DOF model and a simplified three-degree-of-freedom (3-DOF) model in which roll, pitch, and heave are constrained. Four sail configurations are analyzed under true wind directions of 150° and 180°. The comparison reveals that the 3-DOF model cannot accurately reproduce key features of the ship’s trajectory, drift angle, and speed, particularly for cases where aerodynamic–hydrodynamic coupling strongly affects yaw stability. In contrast, the 6-DOF simulations reveal substantially different steady-state behavior and demonstrate that roll, pitch, and heave play an essential role in predicting maneuvering performance. The results clarify how sail arrangement and motion modeling interact to shape the maneuvering characteristics of fully wind-powered vessels, providing fundamental insights for the development of reliable 6-DOF simulation frameworks and for the design assessment of next-generation wind-propelled ships.

We developed novel Optimized Nutri-Dense Meals (Opti meals) for women based on Japanese dietary reference intakes (DRIs). We aimed to determine the effects of Opti meals on premenstrual disorder (PMD). This pilot study was an open-label randomized controlled trial. One hundred women aged 20–45 years with PMD were enrolled in the study and randomly divided into two groups: habitual diet and intervention groups. In the intervention group, two meals per day for three menstrual cycles were replaced with Opti meals based on the Japanese DRIs. The Menstrual Distress Questionnaire (MDQ) and the Japanese version of the Daily Records of Severity of Problems Short-Form version (J-DRSP) served as the primary outcome measures. Sleep quality and several saliva and serum parameters were set as secondary outcomes. The intervention group had lower MDQ total scores during the premenstrual (median [Q1–Q3]: 42.0 [23.8–64.0] versus 67.0 [44.0–90.5], p < 0.01) and menstrual (34.0 [23.0–53.0] versus 67.0 [35.0–76.5], p < 0.01) phases, as well as lower final J-DRSP total scores (17.25 [13.73–19.90] versus 22.0 [16.60–28.50], p < 0.01) than the habitual diet group. Some significant differences were observed in the sleep quality test; however, no significant differences were found in saliva or serum parameters at the end of the trial. Optimal meals based on the Japanese DRI may improve PMD symptoms. UMIN000052973, https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000060324 (3/12/2023).

Autophagy is an intracellular recycling system that contributes to the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. However, by providing tolerance to various stressors, autophagy promotes the survival and proliferation of cancer cells and confers resistance to chemotherapy. Anticancer drugs activate autophagy, leading to drug resistance in cancer cells. Autophagy inhibitors, such as chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, enhance the antitumor effects of anticancer drugs when used in combination with them. However, these inhibitors are associated with several adverse effects. Here, using genome-wide RNA sequencing analysis, we deciphered a novel function of electrolyzed hydrogen water (EHW) in suppressing autophagy by activating mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 signalling. The combination of EHW with anticancer drugs, such as 5-fluorouracil or paclitaxel, which activate autophagy, significantly decreased the viability of cervical and colorectal cancer cells. Mechanistically, molecular hydrogen and trace elements in EHW may suppress autophagy and potentiate anticancer effects. Considering its safety, we propose that EHW can act as a novel adjuvant to anticancer therapy.

AI SiC GaN Ga 2 O 3 WBG() Si

A corrigendum of this article has been published full details can be found at 10.1099/ijsem.0.006564Seven novel lactic acid bacterial strains (BF125T, BF186, TKL145, YK3, YK6, YK10 and NSK) were isolated from the fresh faeces of Japanese black beef cattle and weanling piglets, spent mushroom substrates, or steeping water of a corn starch production plant. These strains are rod-shaped, Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming, catalase-negative, cytochrome oxidase-negative, facultatively anaerobic, and homofermentative. Strain BF125T did not produce any gas from glucose; both d- and l-lactate were produced as end-products of glucose (D/L, 40 : 60). Growth occurred at 30–45 °C (optimum, 37 °C), pH 5.0–8.0 (optimum, pH 6.0), and with NaCl concentration of 1.0–3.0% (w/v). The G+C content of genomic DNA of strain BF125T was 37.8 mol% (whole-genome analysis). The major fatty acids were C16 : 0, C18 : 1 ω9c, C19 cyclopropane 9, 10, and summed feature 10. The 16S rRNA gene in strain BF125T showed high similarity to that of the type strain of Lactobacillus amylovorus (99.93%), and the other isolates were also identified as L. amylovorus based on these similarities. A phylogenetic tree based on the core genomes of L. amylovorus strains (n=54), including the seven isolates, showed that they could be divided into two clusters. Strains YK3, YK6, YK10, and NSK were in the first cluster, along with the type strain DSM 20531T, while the second cluster included isolates BF125T, BF186, TKL145, and other strains isolated from various animal origins. Phenotypic differences in fermentability were observed for lactose, salicin, and gentiobiose between these two groups. The intergroup digital DNA–DNA hybridization values (72.9–78.6%) and intergroup average nucleotide identity values (95.64–96.92%) were comparable to values calculated using datasets of other valid subspecies of the genus (ex-) Lactobacillus. In light of the physiological, genotypic, and phylogenetic evidence, we propose a novel subspecies of L. amylovorus, named Lactobacillus amylovorus subsp. animalis subsp. nov. (type strain BF125T=MAFF 212522T=DSM 115528T). Our findings also led to the automatic creation of Lactobacillus amylovorus subsp. amylovorus subsp. nov. and an emended description of the species L. amylovorus.

Component warpage during reflow soldering is limiting the design and application of area arrays packages. With raw material availability, non-toxicity, wettability, and a melting point lower than 200°C, the Tin (Sn)-Bismuth (Bi) system has been widely identified as providing a promising basis for the LTS that could provide a solution to that problem. However, commercial scale implementation of solders based on that system has been limited by the shortage of experimental data on the relationships between microstructure and mechanical properties of these alloys and their long-term reliability. The work reported in this paper goes some way towards filling that gap by providing some insights into the strain-rate sensitivity of Sn-Bi alloys and its implications for the performance of solder joints in long term service.

We describe a 2 Gbaud 256 QAM coherently-linked optical and wireless transmission at 28 GHz with an injection-locked carrier-frequency converter and small microstrip antennas. With this combination, 16 Gbit/s data were successfully transmitted over a 10 km SMF and 10 m wirelessly.