North-West Institute of Management

Aim . This work aimed to analyze data on migration processes in modern Russia, their manifestations, and their impact on the country’s economic and national security, as well as to identify associated risks and threats and consider existing opportunities for various forms of migration. Objectives . The work seeks to study Russia’s migration policy within the context of global migration trends, as well as to investigate the impact of internal and external migration processes on Russia’s economic and national security, their causes, and types. Methods . The study is based on comparative, systemic-structural, cause-and-effect, factor, functional, and statistical analysis. Expert assessment and observation methods were also used. Results. The Russia’s migration policy is primarily aimed to ensure a balance between the economy’s need for labor resources, the protection of national security, and social stability. The migration strategy serves as a tool designed to fulfill the purposes of Russia’s migration policy and achieve its objectives in the long term. Internal migration in Russia is largely represented by a young, active, and productive segment of the population, driven primarily by economic, geopolitical, and climatic factors. External migration to Russia is caused primarily by economic factors, particularly a steady increase in labor migration. Meanwhile, intellectual migration is experiencing an outflow of people from the country. As a result, migration legislation is being reformed to encourage scientists to return to the country, however no significant effect has been noted to date. Conclusions . Nowadays migration takes various forms and has varying intensities. Internal migration continues to develop as migration from small towns to cities, while external migration fluctuates depending on the political situation and other factors. This determines the origin and intensity of migration processes. Internal and external migration can not only be a source of threats to Russia’s economic and national security but also create opportunities to address demographic, economic, and social problems through properly implemented migration policies. As long as the Russian economy remains inconsistent in its priorities for scientific and technological development and the implementation of support tools at various levels, the outflow of promising population and the influx of unskilled and illegal migrants will remain a huge risk to Russia’s economic and national security. Russia’s migration policy requires fundamental changes and refinements to avoid irreversible consequences due to lost time.

This article focuses on the study of agglomeration forms of settlement and their place in the system of spatial development. Urban and rural agglomerations are considered, and differences in their nature and formation mechanisms are identified. The article substantiates the distinction between agglomeration forms and other forms of spatial development organization, primarily the administrative-territorial division and the concept of reference settlements. The article highlights the legal and institutional aspects of urban and rural agglomerations.

The need for intelligent decision support based on transparent and adaptive models in infrastructure systems is growing as management tasks become more complex. Methods for integrating modern machine learning and explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) approaches into domain-specific systems (DSSs) are considered. The purpose of this work is to study intelligent data analysis methods and their integration into domain-specific systems to support decision making in infrastructure management. The object of this study is intelligent data analysis techniques and decision support processes in the infrastructure sector, and the subject of this study is methods for improving the quality, transparency, and adaptability of decisions through their integration into DSSs. Current publications are reviewed; methods are classified; and criteria for their selection as applied to infrastructure management are formulated. Prospects for further research are outlined.

Aim. The work aimed to systematize and assess the existing trends and risks in the development of the modern Russian media market. Objectives. The work seeks to study the specifics of modern processes in the media industry, to identify trends and risks that affect the structure and transformation of the future Russian national media industry; to reveal the prospects for the strategic development of the Russian media market. Methods. The study employed general scientific principles of system, historical and comparative analysis, as well as methods of deduction and induction to identify the general and the particular in various processes of the Russian media market. In order to generalize and systematize the information obtained, the methods of analysis and integration were used to reveal the essence of the modern process of transformation of the Russian media industry. Results. Based on the analytical review results, it was revealed that the leading trends of the Russian media industry are multi-format content, personalization and uniqueness of produced and posted online content, rethinking of the value approach in modern Russian media and the concept of training professional personnel. The main risks and factors of global influence include the intensive introduction and use of artificial intelligence, the procedure for assessing the effectiveness of various media channels, the ongoing crisis of the Russian advertising media market. Conclusions. The work studied the theoretical and practical issues focused on the specifics of the media market and the media industry. Based on the analysis results, trends and risks in the Russian media market development were systematized. The main trends highlighted included the dynamism of the modern information agenda, as well as its high sensitivity to changes under the influence of technology and geopolitical factors. The leading current trend of 2025 is the examination of publicity and the analysis of technologies for creating and promoting a corporate and personal brand. The most significant risks identified were ongoing media inflation, growing threats from the external world environment regarding the protection of the interests of Russian media, the lack of dialogue with large international media holdings, the growth of fakes, and the intensification of the negative use of deepfake technology in the media space. The prospects for the development of the modern Russian media market include an increase in demand for digital media channels, personalization and uniqueness of produced and posted content in order to attract new consumers, increased implementation of technological innovations in the media industry, and global changes in consumer behavior.

The study discusses the scientific directions that determine the attitude to the effective use of public goods in foreign countries, if necessary, its redistribution in the case of a choice between individual (private) and public benefits. Based on the application of a comparative historical approach, the study proves the existence of a link between economic development and the public good. The method is used to describe the neoliberal transformation of law. Attention is focused on the impact of income when making decisions about the redistribution of goods and is determined by their intermediate location at the intersection of economics, politics and social relations. During the discussion, the opinion is substantiated that economic development is not always a public good, since in many cases it reduces the income of private owners. It is concluded that the public use of a good (asset) should not be reduced to private benefit. The question of the legitimacy of the claim that the state contributes to the public good when it regulates their use is formulated. Redistribution of benefits is considered in the context of using state power to achieve the goals of redistribution of benefits, which cannot be achieved in any other way. The thesis is put forward that the state applies the law as a justification for the redistribution of benefits in the interests of satisfying public-private interests. This thesis explains how the law and the state are subordinated to private interests. A comparative historical approach has been used as a methodological basis, which makes it possible to identify patterns of legislative development in response to social changes in the historical context and changes in legislation related to the development of the concept of public utility. The approaches used in economics, sociology, and political science in the study of public relations present different but equally convincing points of view on the problem under study, which makes it necessary to further study the problem of effective use of the public good.

Religion is one of the fundamental factors of international cooperation, as it unites representatives of different ethnic groups, states, continents, be ing a connecting link for them. Islam is one of the main world confessions, and the Hajj, being one of its main pillars, promotes the mobility of Muslims and their rapprochement. The role of the Hajj in Russian public diplomacy is considered, as Muslims are an important component of mul tinational and multi-confessional Russia.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the forms and mechanisms of state participation in insolvency (bankruptcy) procedures in the Russian Federation. The purpose of the study is to identify trends in the evolution of regulatory regulation, control and supervisory activities and the procedural involvement of the state in bankruptcy cases, as well as to identify areas for improvement of this system. The research uses the methods of historical and legal analysis, the comparative legal method, as well as the analysis of law enforcement practice. As a result, it was found that state participation in bankruptcy proceedings has gone through several stages of development, starting with the formation of specialized control bodies in the 1990s to the introduction of modern mechanisms for the decentralization of powers and the creation of specialized institutions such as the Deposit Insurance Agency (DIA). The key aspects of government regulation are analyzed, including the role of the Federal Tax Service (FTS) in debt collection procedures, the activities of the Bank of Russia in the field of bankruptcy of credit institutions, as well as the functions of state corporations in the rehabilitation of backbone enterprises. The main conclusions point to the need to improve coordination mechanisms between government agencies, strengthen control over the activities of arbitration managers, and develop comprehensive measures to prevent intentional bankruptcy. Promising areas of development include the introduction of additional financial recovery tools for enterprises, improving mechanisms for protecting creditors' rights, and simplifying bankruptcy procedures for individuals.

The article deals with topical issues affecting the key areas of development of digital technologies and their implementation in the management of the economic ecosystem of the territory. End-to-end technologies, including predictive analytics, create unique opportunities in many public sectors, and the speed with which they develop provides an opportunity to achieve sustainable development goals. The paper considers economic relations for the development of methods for managing changes in the sustainable development of economic ecosystems of territories. The purpose of the article is to systematize the planned digital technologies for managing the sustainable development of the economic ecosystem of the territory.