Norwegian Academy of Technological Sciences

ObjectivesTo explore and describe how healthcare professionals within the oncological outpatient setting perceive quality of care.DesignA qualitative, descriptive design with a phenomenographic approach was used, with focus group discussions as the means of data collection.SettingPrimary care in oncological outpatient units in four hospitals in Sweden.ParticipantsThrough purposive sampling, 20 healthcare professionals entered and completed the study by participating in four focus groups, five participants in each group. Inclusion criteria were assistant nurses, nurses or physicians delivering treatment and care with radiation and/or anticancer drugs in oncological outpatient units. Excluded were healthcare professionals who had worked less than 3 months at the oncological outpatient unit.ResultsTwo descriptive categories emerged from the data: ‘The professional’s personal ability for good care’ and ‘The structural conditions for good care’. These categories consist of descriptions of quality of care being perceived as a good meeting with patients, patient participation, continuity, accessibility and care grounded in science.ConclusionsAccording to the healthcare professionals, quality of care relies on organisational structures in combination with a professional and personal interaction between the patients and the healthcare professionals. Knowledge about what healthcare professionals believe constitutes quality of care should therefore be highly valuable to policymakers and hospital management.

Konferansen «FoU i praksis – Politikk og kunnskap i norsk lærerutdanning» ble arrangert høsten 2018 og var et samarbeid mellom NTNU, Nord universitet og DMMH (Dronning Mauds Minne Høgskole for Barnehagelærerutdanning). Konferansen tok sikte på å presentere aktuell forskning innen hele spennet av lærerutdanning, med norsk lærerutdanningspolitikk og ny forskning innen utdanning i hovedfokus. Blant temaene var refleksjoner over endringer i norsk utdanningspolitikk, og mer spesifikt hvordan det kan være en utfordring for lærere å tenke og jobbe vitenskapelig. Videre ble det diskutert hvordan vi utfordrer dikotomien praksis og teori på et vitenskapelig grunnlag.

Ulike regler for finansregnskap og skatteregnskap medfører betydelige administrative byrder for små foretak. Slike byrder bør reduseres, og Finansdepartementet utreder nå muligheten for ytterligere forenklinger ved i større grad å harmonisere regnskaps- og skattereglene (se Schwencke, 2019). Robuste og reelle forenklinger må balansere mellom på den ene siden de formålene som finansregnskapet og skatteregnskapet har, og på den andre siden hva som kan gi størst lettelser. Vi argumenterer for at harmonisering av regler for innregning og måling i finansregnskapet og skatteregnskapet kan skje på en rekke områder. Blant annet kan det oppnås stor grad av harmonisering for anleggsmidler, varer og kundefordringer ved at skattereglene i noen grad tilpasses reglene for finansregnskapet. Det skal imidlertid være enkelt å kontrollere etterlevelsen av skattereglene, og dette vil gjerne føre til regler som gir lite rom for bruk av skjønn. Dette kan i noen grad stå i et motsetningsforhold til finansregnskapets formål, som også for små foretak er å gi beslutningsnyttig informasjon. Spesielt viktig er det at finansregnskapet reflekterer urealiserte tap. Hvert foretak må uavhengig av forenklingsreglene se til at finansregnskapet som helhet ikke gir et for positivt bilde av resultat og balanse. Vi mener det bør innføres en egen foretakskategori for særlig små foretak (mikroforetak), med betydelige forenklinger gjennom å videreutvikle koblingsmodellen, det vil si lempinger ved måling av utsatt skatt, og innføre forenklede krav til oppstillingsplanene. Forenklingsreglene bør velges ved sporvalg. Vi foreslår også at formuesfastsettelsen i langt større grad enn i dag skjer med utgangspunkt i regnskapsmessige verdier. Dette vil gi betydelig forenkling.

The rate of energy transfer from the left ventricle to the aorta is viewed in terms of mean power (MP) and total power (TP). The difference between MP and TP is due to the pulsatility of the circulation and is known as oscillatory power (OP). OP is considered the energy spent to accelerate the blood flow. The aim of this study was to investigate the baseline left ventricular oscillatory power fraction (OP/TP) and how this was affected by acute cardiovascular dysfunction and altered preload. Twenty-eight patients undergoing elective coronary artery bypass graft surgery were included. Before administration of anaesthesia, we simultaneously recorded an arterial pressure curve and instantaneous cardiac outflow with pulsed wave Doppler. Postoperatively, prior to extubation, these measurements were repeated in neutral, Trendelenburg and reverse-Trendelenburg position. The final measurements were taken on the awake patient the day after the operation. TP is the mean of the instantaneous product of the flow and pressure curves. MP was calculated by multiplying mean arterial pressure with mean cardiac output. The oscillatory power fraction is therefore calculated as (TP-MP)/TP. The oscillatory power fraction in neutral position decreased from 23% preoperatively to 16% immediately postoperatively (P<0·001) and increased again to 19% the first postoperative day (P=0·001). The oscillatory power fraction also increased from 16% in neutral to 19% in Trendelenburg (P=0·001) and decreased comparing to neutral, to 14% in reverse-Trendelenburg (P=0·04). The oscillatory power fraction is situation-dependent and is influenced by both the operation and the altered preload.

A method for calibrating the hot-film anemometer is presented. The turbulent boundary layer in a recirculating water tunnel was investigated. Both mean velocity and turbulence intensivity were measured. The results are compared with the theory and the agreement is satisfactory.

The behaviour of deep impurities in semiconductors has been studied for many years. In particular, the behavior of Schottky diodes containing deep impurity centers, especially gold, has been the subject of intense investigation. However, these studies are primarily concerned with the frequency behavior of the capacitance measurement. In this paper, we explore instead the static behavior of the ISC (inverse-square-capacitance) curve, that is, the ISC curve resulting from a condition of nonuniform equilibrium due to a slowly applied reverse bias voltage. We are especially interested in p-type Schottky diodes having ion implanted deep impurities, but a somewhat more general theory is developed which can be applied to other materials as well. Methods for interpreting experimental ISC curves will also be discussed and procedures for deducing doping profiles are presented. Die Eigenschaften tiefer Verunreinigungen in Halbleitern werden seit mehreren Jahren unter-sucht. Insbesondere die Eigenschaften der Schottky-Dioden mit tiefen Verunreinigungszentren sind Gegenstand intensiver Untersuchungen gewesen. Diese Studien haben sich besonders auf die Frequenzabhängigkeit der elektrischen Kapazitätsmessungen konzentriert. Es werden statt dessen die statischen Eigenschaften der ISC (inverse quadratische-Kapazität)-Kurve untersucht, das heißt, die ISC-Kurve die das Resultat eines nichteinheitlichen Gleichgewichts infolge einer langsam angelegten Vorspannung ist. Es werden insbesondere p-Typ-Schottky-Dioden untersucht, die tiefe ioneninplantierte Verunreinigungen enthalten. Es wird jedoch auch eine etwas allgemeinere Theorie entwickelt, die auch auf andere Materialien angewendet werden kann. Methoden für die Interpretation der experimentellen ISC-Kurven werden diskutiert und Verfahren für die Herleitung der Dotierungsprofile angegeben.

The number of available exact solutions to the St. Venant flexure problem is limited, but there are some simple solutions which appear to have been overlooked. The sections covered are a wedge, a double wedge, a biconvex section, and an aerofoil-type section. All the solutions given are restricted to certain values of Poisson's ratio, depending on the section.The components of shear stress parallel and perpendicular to the direction of loading are given by: