October High Institute For Enginnering and Technology

Recent developments in mobile communication technologies have intensified the demand for higher data rates, necessitating the use of elevated carrier frequencies and compact, high-performance, cost-effective radio frequency (RF) filters. Surface acoustic wave (SAW) filters offer notable advantages in mobile phone applications due to their low insertion loss, compact footprint, and scalable manufacturing. These attributes make them particularly well-suited to meet the growing need for affordable filtering solutions at increasingly higher operating frequencies. This paper presents the design and simulation of a wavelet transform-based surface acoustic wave (SAW) bandpass filter centered at 1747.5 MHz, optimized for GSM/LTE applications. The filter employs a multi-stage configuration enhanced by window functions such as Gaussian, Kaiser, Hanning, and Hamming to achieve precise null bandwidth control and effective side-lobe suppression. Wavelet transform integration streamlines spectral decomposition, enabling efficient frequency-domain analysis and reducing computational complexity. Finite element modeling is performed using COMSOL Multiphysics to simulate the electromechanical behavior of piezoelectric substrates, specifically quartz types. MATLAB is utilized for wavelet-domain signal processing and graphical analysis. Simulation results reveal a passband width of approximately 17.736 MHz, side-lobe attenuation below 140 dB, and stable center frequency alignment across substrate variations. FFT plots confirm strong frequency selectivity, while displacement profiles illustrate substrate-dependent acoustic wave propagation and energy confinement. The proposed wavelet-integrated SAW filter demonstrates high spectral resolution, robust frequency stability, and low-loss transmission, validating its potential for next-generation RF front-end systems.

The goal of this work is investigating the existence and uniqueness of solutions for a class of non-local Riemann-Liouville fractional q-integro-differential equations, in addition to finding the approximate solutions to the proposed equation. The problem incorporates Riemann-Liouville fractional derivatives, Riemann-Liouville fractional q integral, and a q-nonlocal boundary condition. By leveraging the Schauder fixed-point theorem and the Banach contraction principle, we establish rigorous conditions under which solution exists and is unique. These mathematical methods are vital for determining the existence and uniqueness of a solution for a class of non-local Riemann-Liouville fractional q-integro-differential equation. Five illustrative examples validate the theoretical results, demonstrating the applicability of the proposed framework. Furthermore, a neural network-based approach is employed to approximate solutions, achieving high accuracy with minimal error, as evidenced by detailed simulations. The integration of theoretical analysis and computational methods highlights the effectiveness of the approach in addressing complex fractional systems.

The world has witnessed a lot of booms and developments in the past few decades due to the increase in crises towards health aspects affecting architecture in general and interior designs in particular. Therefore, the research indicates that positive steps are taken to assess the Eco-friendly interior decorating dimension of interacting and adaptive buildings with the requirements of their users. In order to raise the efficiency and quality of design performance improvement to combat viruses spread in the recent period, in particular, it was necessary to address design with capabilities based on interactive performance and simulation of genetic algorithms in the production of sustainable interior designs, which is accomplished by proto-programming, which naturally creates self-tuning and simulating models using generative algorithms. Therefore, integrating interior designs with nano materials that have the ability to interact and simulate changing factors to raise their efficiency and improve their quality. Which uses genetic algorithms to produce models with creative designs that refer to functional (functionality-based) and morphological (sculptural) interiors. Finally, the research concludes with responsive interior designs that enable self-adjustments in the building to simulate the effective and accurate nature of operating multiple factors and algorithmic controls.

This study evaluated the impact of nano silica (NS) and nano metakaolin (NMK) on high-strength concrete (HSC). Portland cement was partially replaced with varying amounts of NS and NMK, both individually and in combination. Portland cement was partially replaced with varying percentages (1, 2, 3, and 4 wt%) of NS and (2, 4 and 6 wt%) of NMK in individual mixes. Four concrete mixtures were formulated using a combination of NS and NMK. The physical properties (slump, consistency, and setting times), mechanical properties (compressive and tensile strengths at 28 days), and microstructural analysis (X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX)) were conducted on both the individual and combined mixtures, along with the control mix. Radiation shielding properties of the concrete were conducted. The Monte Carlo simulation code and the Phy-X program were used to examine the efficacy of these combinations in shielding against ionizing radiation, e.g., gamma rays and fast neutrons. The results showed NS and NMK reduced slump in HSC, primarily due to increased water demand and a denser structure. Combined use led to a more significant reduction than individual. Increased NS and NMK content led to higher water demand but shorter setting times. NS improved compressive and tensile strengths, reaching a maximum of 10.5% and 5.6%, respectively, at replacement 3% NS. NMK increased compressive and tensile strengths of 11.7% and 6.3%, respectively at replacement 4% NMK. The combined mixture 1% NS + 4% NMK mixture, demonstrated enhancement in compressive and tensile strengths by 14.2% and 7.7%, respectively, compared to the control mix. XRD and EDX analyses confirmed that NS and NMK enhanced the formation of calcium silicate hydrate and calcium aluminate hydrate through pozzolanic reactions. The linear attenuation of the concrete samples was NMK4 < CM2 < NS3 < C0. The sample containing NMK demonstrated the best value for the linear attenuation coefficient of gamma rays and a rise in FCS, indicating that it is an excellent barrier against both gamma rays and neutrons. These findings demonstrate that NS and NMK significantly enhance HSC strength and radiation shielding, offering safer and more durable concrete for nuclear and medical facilities.

Abstract In the current study, the impact of utilizing granite and marble construction waste powders as replacements (1%–9%) for cement on concrete compressive strength was investigated. In the second stage of the experimental program, combined mixtures were designed to evaluate their response to high temperatures using various machine learning (ML) techniques. Models employing water cycle algorithm (WCA) and genetic algorithms (GA) were developed based on 288 experimental results, featuring input variables such as temperature, exposure time, waste powder type, and cement replacement ratio, with residual compressive strength (RCS) as the sole output. Artificial neural networks (ANN), fuzzy logic (FL), and multiple linear regression (MLR) models were also developed for comparison. Optimal performance, with a 22% increase in compressive strength at 28 days, was observed by replacing 9% of cement with waste granite powder (WGP). At high temperatures, the best performance occurred with 9% WGP + 5% waste marble powder (WMP), resulting in a 59.6% increase in RCS value after exposure to 800°C for 2 h. The predictive WCA model outperformed GA and MLR, closely aligning with ANN and FL models, with a mean absolute error of 3.96 kg/cm2. Additionally, nonlinear prediction equations of RCS with high regression values were successfully developed using WCA and GA. Furthermore, sensitivity analyses were conducted using the weights of the hidden layers of the idealized neural networks and revealed that the RCS value exhibits high sensitivity to temperature variations. Exposure time had the second‐highest impact on RCS value, followed by the WGP ratio, and then the WMP ratio.

Abstract In this study, the effect of using waste granodiorite powder (WGP) as a cement replacement material in percentages ranging from 1 to 9% on various physical and mechanical properties of ordinary concrete was investigated. The resistance of produced concretes with WGP to the high temperature effects on the 28 days compressive strength were studied as well. Granodiorite is one of the well-known igneous rocks that have been used in previous research as a replacement for coarse or fine aggregates due to the hardness of its grains. However, rare studies have investigated its powder as a partial cement replacement material. Results showed the ability of investigated WGP with high surface area to act as a supplementary cementitious material that contributed to enhance the results of mechanical and physical properties of concrete. At traditional room temperature, the optimal replacement percentage was 7%, where the 28 days compressive and tensile strengths were improved by 28.3% and 17.3%, respectively. The optimal replacement ratio varied between 7 and 9% in the case of high temperatures, according to exposure time and temperature degree. Statistical and sensitivity analysis was conducted on 66 available compressive strength value represents all variables before and after elevated temperature exposure. While the regression equation showed good R 2 value of 85.3%, sensitivity analysis indicated that compressive strength value is most sensitive to temperature, followed by WGP ratio and exposure time, with importance values of 56, 26, and 18 %, respectively. Results showed also that the setting times and consistency was decreased with increasing the replacement ratio with WGP, while the workability was slightly improved up to 5% replacement ratio. Furthermore, microstructure analysis showed that WGP can help to densify the concrete matrix due to its small size and ability to fill the interstitial voids in the concrete matrix.

This paper proposes a design of a bandpass filter based on the wavelet transform (WT) technique using a surface acoustic wave device (SAW). The proposed model is achieved through the impulse response model from the equivalent circuit of mason (ECM). This paper aimed to study the behaviour of a bandpass filter with a center frequency of 70MHz suitable for intermediate frequency (IF) stages of mobile phones and various communication systems. The study includes different piezoelectric materials such as ST quartz, Lithium niobate (LiNbO3) and Lithium tantalate (LiTaO3). Moreover, the transfer function, bandpass ripples, sidelobes power and insertion loss for input and output Inter-digital transducers are evaluated and simulated. The calculated parameters include the size of the substrate processing time and the scale of the wavelet function. The simulated results are compared with uniform aperture surface acoustic wave devices. The designed substrate dimensions of 2mm×2mm and sidelobes attenuation is up to 96.61 dB.

Abstract This study investigates the individual and combined effects of micro and nano lead monoxide (PbO) and granodiorite (GD) on concrete's mechanical and radiation shielding properties. Both materials were partially substituted for cement at varying ratios. Additionally, mixtures with optimal radiation shielding performance were prepared to explore the synergy of combining them. The mentioned materials are used for the first time in an extensive study at the nano scale to investigate their impact on concrete's mechanical properties, microstructure, and gamma radiation attenuation. Two gamma ray sources of uranium (U 238 ) and cesium (Cs 137 ) were used measure the radiation attenuation coefficients for all designed concrete mixes. A simple methodology was followed to assess the concrete shields efficiency via utilizing portable handheld gamma‐ray spectrometer that offers two reading modes. Results indicated that increasing the ratio of PbO is directly proportional to the concrete ability to attenuate radiation, where the optimal individual replacement ratios were recorded at 5% for micro and nano particle sizes. At this ratio, the linear attenuation coefficient ( μ ) values were improved by 39.57% and 24.78% for the nano and micro PbO, respectively. Additionally, the optimal ratio for improving mechanical properties was at 3% and 2% for nano and micro PbO, while the higher ratios showed a decline in mechanical properties especially at 5% micro PbO with 7.02% reduction in the compressive strength value. Regarding GD powder, the optimal replacement ratios for improving concrete radiation shielding were consistent with those enhancing its mechanical properties at 4% and 7% in both nano and micro scales, respectively. The combined mixes further enhanced the overall concrete performance, especially its radiation shielding ability. Compared to the control mix, the compressive strength, tensile strength, and μ were increased by 25.7%, 16.2%, and 44.7% at the optimal mixture of 5% nano PbO + 4% nano GD.

Due to rising living standards and population growth, saving fresh water will be a significant problem for the next generation. The Government is indirectly impacted by a significant financial burden due to the current usage of treated wastewater, in all of Egypt's districts. As a case study, Egypt's new administrative capital was chosen, given that it is today one of the most important cities and that its planning was predicated on making it a smart, sustainable city. The goal of the study was to develop methods for replacing potable water in the manufacture of concrete with tertiary-treated wastewater; however, used for concrete mixing or curing after concrete hardening. Property assessments of the fresh and hardened concrete were conducted, to ascertain the best water quality that can be used without compromising the quality or durability of the concrete. ; The results of this paper will serve as a guide for decision-makers looking to decrease costs and increase sustainability by using treated wastewater in making sustainable concrete for buildings, especially in recent decades, rising construction material usage has generated considerable environmental difficulties, particularly in the production of Ordinary Portland cement (OPC).