Odessa Military Academy

The object of the study is intelligent decision support systems. The problem addressed in the research is to improve the accuracy of modeling the functioning process of intelligent decision support systems. A polymodel complex for resource management of intelligent decision support systems has been developed. The originality of the study lies in: – the comprehensive description of the functioning processes of intelligent decision support systems; – the capability to model both an individual process occurring in intelligent decision support systems and to perform comprehensive modeling of the processes taking place within them; – the establishment of conceptual dependencies in the functioning process of intelligent decision support systems. This makes it possible to describe the interaction of individual models at all stages of solving computational tasks; – the description of coordination processes in hybrid intelligent decision support systems, which ensures an increase in the reliability of managerial decision-making; – the modeling of processes for solving complex computational tasks in intelligent decision support systems through the conceptual description of the specified process; – the coordination of computational processes in intelligent decision support systems, which leads to a reduction in the number of computational resources of the systems; – the comprehensive resolution of conflicts through a set of corresponding mathematical models. The proposed polymodel complex is advisable for use in solving the problem of managing intelligent decision support systems characterized by a high degree of complexity

The article examines the fundamental importance of sound mathematical preparation for the successful study of higher mathematics and physics courses by students of higher education institutions. The key aspects of the relationship between basic mathematical knowledge and the complexity of higher mathematics and physical disciplines are analyzed. The impact of weak basic preparation on academic success is considered and methods for improving learning efficiency are proposed. In the modern educational space where exact sciences are beginning to play a key role in the training of qualified specialists in engineering, technical, computer and natural sciences, the problem of insufficient basic mathematical training is becoming increasingly relevant. Often, students, entering higher education institutions, demonstrate gaps in knowledge of elementary algebra, trigonometry, geometry and the basics of analysis, which creates significant obstacles to consolidating complex academic concepts. The article analyzes key aspects of the relationship between strong school mathematical knowledge and the ability of students to effectively master the material of higher mathematics, which includes differential and integral calculus, linear algebra, differential equations, etc. Special attention is paid to the influence of this knowledge on the understanding and application of physical laws, the latter physics is largely based on the mathematical apparatus. Typical difficulties that students encounter due to weak basic training are studied, such as problems with algebraic transformations, working with fractions, trigonometric functions, and the logic of mathematical proofs. The study also covers the negative consequences of insufficient training, including a decrease in academic performance, student demotivation, difficulties in adapting to the intensive pace of higher education, and, in some cases, expulsion. Based on the analysis of Ukrainian and foreign scientific sources, as well as general teaching experience, effective methods and practical recommendations are proposed to improve the effectiveness of learning and overcome existing gaps. Among them are the introduction of diagnostic testing, the organization of remedial courses, strengthening individual work with students, the use of interdisciplinary connections, and the formation of sustainable motivation to study the exact sciences. The article emphasizes the need for a systematic approach to solving this problem at all levels of the educational process in order to ensure high quality training of future specialists

The paper documents several key contributions made by linguists to the strategic aspect of communication, discourse studies, theory of emotions, and speech impact. The paper identifies and analyses the communicative tactics manifesting the strategy of emotional impact in modern English fictional detective discourse. These advanced tactics have been investigated from the perspective of the lexical, morphological and syntactic characteristics that exemplify them in detective discourse.

The object of this paper is the process of detecting an aerial object by a radar with active and passive reception channels. The main hypothesis of the study assumed that the introduction of an additional channel of passive reception would increase the conditional probability of correct detection at a fixed value of the conditional probability of false alarms. When detecting an aerial object, it was considered that the signals from aerial object represent a reflected signal after being emitted by the active radar channel elemitted own radio signals. A radar with active and passive reception channels assumes the presence of two channels. The active location channel provides reception of signals reflected from an aerial object, their processing and detection according to the Neumann-Pearson criterion. The passive location channel functions according to the principle of panoramic spectral analysis based on windowed Fourier transforms. The information combining device is intended for the compatible combining of information from active and passive channels of radar reception. At the output of the passive location channel, an output signal is formed, and the coordinates of the aerial object are measured. To ensure the functioning of the radar with active and passive reception channels, it is necessary to ensure the time synchronization of the reception channels. The quality of detection of aerial objects by radar with active and passive signal reception channels was evaluated. The quality indicator defines the conditional probability of correct detection. The dependences of the conditional probability of correct detection are given for a radar with only an active reception channel and a radar with active and passive reception channels. It was established that the introduction of an additional channel of passive reception to the radar increases the conditional probability of correct detection by an average of (20–40) %, depending on the signal-to-noise ratio.

From the philosophical point of view, all existing ideologies in the world deserve special attention, because they can be put into practice at any time, which means a total transformation of both individual and social existence. Therefore, the purpose of our article is to analyze the leading ideological trends in the modern world. The human mind is always focused on the search for meaningful ideas, values and guidelines. Society does not agree with primitive existence and continues to seek respectable higher significant foundations of human existence. That is, they create different ideologies. An ideology is a set of interconnected ideas, ideas and beliefs designed to unite people for the sake of living together and acting together. Today we can distinguish both humane and inhumane ideologies. Timely understanding and separation of humane from antihuman destructive social projects is important. After all, the public consciousness often has every chance to master various inhumane terrorist, extremist and marginal ideologies. Thus, every citizen should know that if the proposed ideology requires people to sacrifice their own lives, health, freedom, personal relationships, family or property, it means that from a legal and moral point of view, such an ideology, which would it did not set attractive goals for society, it is completely unacceptable, inhumane. At the same time, when confronted with humane ideologies, we will immediately be able to see that the proposed system of values and the associated changes will not pose any dangerous material or spiritual threat. In essence, the requirements of humane ideologies can only lead to a variety of ideological, intellectual, organizational and other positive changes. A striking example in this aspect is the ideology of the Enlightenment, which aimed to establish equal rights and freedoms of all people, their comprehensive intellectual and spiritual development through quality basic education and upbringing. One of the modern ideologies is the ideology of mass consumption society. It is this utilitarian system of views and values that has led to the premature depletion of resources and the general deterioration of the environment. The ideology of mass consumption society can negatively affect not only the biosphere but also the spiritual sphere of public life. Thus, such spiritual problems as the loss of meaning in life, the general deterioration of social mood, the widespread spread of pessimistic and depressed dark worldviews, social indifference, aggression, etc. have recently become noticeable. Therefore, in order to successfully solve the above complex problems, humanity must find spiritual strength, wisdom and consolidate. Now is the time to look for and find new positive worldview values. Another current ideological trend is the advancement of a new ideology of virtualization of human life, even after the pandemic is eventually successfully overcome and the objective need for restrictive quarantine measures simply disappears. There is ideological pluralism in modern democracies, but this cannot preclude the adoption of some of the most important values and norms without which no democratic society can exist. Such norms also include some axioms of ethics of communication, which provide the possibility of civilized ideological discourse.

У статті розглянуто методи розширення спектра таймерних сигнальних конструкцій. Для систем радіозв'язку, що працюють в умовах радіоелектронного конфлікту, пропонується використовувати шумоподібні таймерні сигнали. Це дозволяє підвищити інформаційну, структурну та енергетичну прихованість сигнальних конструкцій. Проведено аналіз властивостей таймерних сигнальних конструкцій, що дає змогу виявити певні переваги непозиційних сигналів перед позиційними. Структурна прихованість таймерних сигналів залежить від параметрів пристрою кодування. Також таймерні сигнали можна використовувати як завадостійкий код, для якого не потрібні додаткові перевірочні елементи. За рахунок зміни параметрів побудови таймерних сигналів існує можливість змінювати коригувальну здатність коду, а також формувати різні ансамблі сигнальних конструкцій. Це потенційно збільшує структурну та інформаційну прихованість таймерних сигналів. Енергетична прихованість досягається за допомогою різних методів розширення спектра бінарного сигналу: псевдовипадкового перескоку робочої частоти; прямого розширення спектра псевдовипадковими послідовностями; лінійної частотної модуляції. Однак розвиток радіотехнічних засобів перехоплення широкосмугових сигналів потребує також ускладнення структури сигнальних конструкцій. Використання таймерних сигналів дає можливість синтезувати більш складні шумоподібні сигнальні конструкції. Це дозволить підвищити структурну прихованість та ускладнить розкриття структури сигналу засобами радіотехнічної розвідки супротивника. Таким чином, обґрунтованим є розробка та вдосконалення методів розширення спектра таймерних сигналів. Однак методи розширення спектра сигналів розроблялися виключно для позиційних кодів, тому не можуть бути застосовані до таймерних непозиційних сигналів. Наукові роботи, які присвячені дослідженню шумоподібних таймерних сигналів, не повною мірою висвітлюють алгоритми перетворення вузькосмугового сигналу на широкосмуговий. Це стало приводом для подальшого дослідження в цьому напрямку, тому метою цієї роботи є синтез шумоподібних таймерних сигнальних конструкцій.

The article deals with systemic lexical and semantic relations in economic terminology. The role of synonyms in economic terminology is determined. The semantics and stylistic nature of lexical synonyms in the language of Ivan Franko’s economic works are traced. It has been determined that Ivan Franko’s scientific language is characterised by a high concentration of synonymous lexical means. Logical and stylistic synonyms are relevant for the texts under study. The most significant synonymic units are duplicate terms. From the point of view of stylistic differentiation, the presence of synonymic series with common, bookish, and colloquial components in the texts of Ivan Franko’s economic works is recorded and described. The stratification of lexical and semantic relations fixes the component fullness of synonymous pairs and series, and also states the activity of the phenomenon of duplication. The components of synonymous pairs and rows are: a) duplicate terms, b) terms and commonly used book lexemes, c) terms, commonly used book lexemes and colloquial lexemes. The article traces antonymic relations between the components of Ivan Franko’s individual scientific language. In the system of language, antonyms reflect the verbalised cognition of opposites in nature and in social life, and thus, economic phenomena. Antonymy is most clearly manifested in the lexicon. This feature is also evidenced in the scientific language: the register of terms as the basis of its vocabulary includes antonyms. The existence of antonymic relations in terminology is due to the nature of cognition of reality and linguistic means of expression. It has been found that the adjacent use of antonyms within the same sentence or microcontext clearly shows their nature as verbalisers of opposite meaning and often creates a stylistic intra-textual contrast. The attention is focused on the fact that antonyms are less functionally loaded in the language of Ivan Franko’s economic works than synonyms. The analysis of the antonymic relations between the components of the dictionary of Ivan Franko’s economic works shows that the phenomenon of antonymy is less significant for the language of the studied works compared to the phenomenon of synonymy.

The aim of the article is to prove the effectiveness of pedagogical conditions of humanities electives in the development of students' critical thinking. Methods. The Astin's I-E-O Model is used for the peerreview method. The coefficient of determination was used for multiple regression. Results. Students who studied the humanities electives had a deeper understanding of their own critical thinking. The results of regression analysis show that the level of development of critical thinking changes without controlling teaching methods and student characteristics. The study established the effectiveness of elective humanities courses in forming students' critical thinking. The coefficient of determination of the proposed model is 0.2. Conclusions. The obtained results of the study gave ground for drawing an unequivocal conclusion about the effectiveness of the pedagogical conditions of electives in the development of critical thinking of students of higher education institutions (HEIs). Prospects. Further research should be aimed at finding optimal conditions for the development of critical thinking in higher educational institutions.