Okayama City Ishii Elementary School

ABSTRACT This study explores how modern teachers’ subjectivities are shaped in relation to AI technologies, focusing on the seemingly complex yet profoundly straightforward ways they are positioned in contemporary educational discourse. Using ChatGPT to generate diverse textual resources – including fictional interviews with AI-generated teachers, journal entries, and news reports – this research critically examines how teachers’ engagements with AI are framed. The analysis reveals a valorization of the teacher who enthusiastically integrates AI, alongside the marginalization and institutional correction of the teacher adopting more resistant stances. These patterns reflect dominant technological solutionist and determinist logics that underpin many visions of AI-powered educational futures. By situating these discourses within broader questions about the purposes of education, the political economy of AI, and its social, environmental, and unseen costs, the study challenges simplistic binaries of being ‘for’ or ‘against’ AI and calls for more nuanced, equitable, and context-sensitive engagements with educational technology.

This study uses an indirect recognition procedure to examine whether prior exposure to nonverbal visual objects affects recognition judgments in later, unrelated recognition tests. We also examined the effect of matching operations between study and test on recognition judgments. The experiment consisted of two sessions. The first session was an incidental learning task: Each object was presented twice, and participants were asked to count the number of corners of the presented object. In the second session after 3weeks, participants performed the same task as in the first session and then performed an unexpected recognition test. In this test, participants were asked to identify whether the presented object had appeared in the second session. To unify the operation between study and test, some participants were required to count the number of corners of the presented object before the recognition judgment. The results revealed that recognition performance for the objects that appeared in the first session was significantly different from that of objects that had not appeared, even when participants were not asked to recall the episode of the first session when performing the recognition test. Although the results of the effect of the matching operation suggested a negative effect on recognition, the results were unclear. This finding indicates that representations for nonverbal objects are preserved for at least 3weeks. This also highlights the need to consider the implicit effect of a brief prior experience on recognition judgments.

<div>Abstract<p>Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is often up-regulated in a variety of malignancies, including gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), and its overexpression seems to be associated with tumor progressiveness and poor prognosis. GIST is well known to have a mutation to c-KIT; thus, a specific c-KIT inhibitor (imatinib) is recognized as the first-line chemotherapy for GIST, although a certain type of c-KIT mutation reveals a resistance to imatinib due to as yet uncertain molecular mechanisms. To assess the c-KIT mutation-related variation of cellular responses to imatinib, murine lymphocyte-derived Ba/F3 cells, which are stably transduced with different types of c-KIT mutation, were treated with either imatinib or a FAK inhibitor (TAE226), and their antitumor effects were determined <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>. A mutation at exon 11 (KIT<sup>del559-560</sup>) displayed a high sensitivity to imatinib, whereas that at exon 17 (KIT<sup>820Tyr</sup>) showed a significant resistance to imatinib <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>. KIT<sup>820Tyr</sup> cells appeared to maintain the activities of FAK and AKT under the imatinib treatment, suggesting that FAK might play a role in cell survival in imatinib-resistant cells. When FAK activity in those cells was inhibited by TAE226, cell growth was equally suppressed and the cells underwent apoptosis regardless of the c-KIT mutation types. Oral administration of TAE226 significantly diminished tumor growth in nude mice bearing KIT<sup>820Tyr</sup> xenografts. In summary, c-KIT mutation at exon 17 displayed a resistance to imatinib with maintained activations of FAK and subsequent survival signals. Targeting FAK could be a potential therapeutic strategy for imatinib-resistant GISTs. [Mol Cancer Ther 2009;8(1):127–34]</p></div>

A thomisid species, Lycopus longissimus Tang & Li 2010, is newly recorded in Japan. The genus Lycopus is also new to Japan, and L. longissimus is the only Japanese species at present.

本校（慶應義塾幼稚舎）は明治7（1874）年創立の私立小学校であり，古い教材が残されている。その中に，昭和6（1931）年頃に採集された東京都立井の頭恩賜公園産の昆虫標本が102種保管されている。現在の東京都では，絶滅あるいは絶滅危惧種と指定されているものが多数含まれている。そこで，小学校4～6年生にそれらの昆虫の名前を知っているか，また，現在はなぜ減少してしまったのか，その理由を問う調査を実施した。その結果，多くの児童はそれらの昆虫の名前を知らず，またその減少の原因についてもさまざまな意見を持っていることがわかった。なお，比較のために大学生70名にも同じ調査を行ったところ，小学生と同様な認識率であった。そこで，これらの標本を用いて，小学校4年生139名を対象に環境の変化と昆虫のかかわりについて考えさせる授業実践を試みた。その結果，児童は昆虫の生態や特徴を調べて議論を重ねることで，環境の変化が昆虫に及ぼす影響について活発な議論のある授業を構築させることができた。このことから，戦前の昆虫標本は理科教材として有用な教材であることがわかった。さらに新学習指導要領（文部科学省，2017）で新たに追加された第6学年の「人と環境」においても，この教材は利用可能であることが示唆された。

A new scytodid species of the genus Stedocys is described as Stedocys amamiensis sp. nov. from Amami-Ôshima, Japan. This species is similar to S. gaolingensis Wu & Li 2017 from China, but can be distinguished from it by having stouter embolus and abdominal markings on the midline. The genus Stedocys is newly recorded from Japan, and this record is the northeasternmost area for the genus. For future study, partial sequence data of mt-COI gene of the new species is docu mented.

Salticus latidentatus Roewer 1951, which is distributed in Mongolia, Russia and China, is recorded in Japan for the first time. In Japan the distribution is currently confined to Osaka and Hyogo. We redescribe S. latidentatus based on the holotype and additional specimens from Japan.

Dendryphantes czekanowskii Prószyński 1979, both genus and species are newly recorded from alpine zone in Hokkaidô, Japan. This locality is the southernmost in the entire range of this species.