Oxford Graduate School

We investigate the remote drivers and local impacts of the recent anomalous high salinity values observed in the Southern Adriatic by using a multi-platform data approach that combines in situ measurements, satellite products and model reanalysis. First, we quantify the relative importance of local atmospheric forcing and remote advective processes in shaping the decadal salinity evolution of the Eastern Mediterranean that in turn affects Adriatic. In fact, in the Levantine and Cretan basins, strong evaporation links a dramatic warming of the area, extreme marine–atmospheric heatwaves, and circulation changes in the Ionian Sea, drives the formation and persistence of anomalous saltier surface and intermediate waters in the area. Then these high salinity Levantine-origin waters flow into the Adriatic Sea through the Otranto strait contributing to the anomalous salinity values observed in the area and to enhance dense-water formation processes. Our results support the hypothesis that the recent Adriatic salinification is primarily controlled by basin-scale thermohaline circulation changes rather than pure local atmospheric forcing, with important implications for Eastern Mediterranean deep-water formation, biogeochemical cycles, and the sensitivity of the system to ongoing climate change.

Northern Calabria (Italy) is an area with significant historical seismicity (Pollino / Sila Massif). While seismic hazard is now commonly assessed at both local and regional scales, fault displacement hazard also represents an important concern, particularly for critical infrastructure such as dams, bridges and nuclear facilities. In recent years, many efforts have focused on developing PFDHA (FDH initiative; IAEA benchmarks, etc.), leading to the development of several new prediction models.In this study, we present a regional-scale assessment of fault displacement hazard, using an updated seismotectonic model derived from national fault databases (DISS, ITHACA) and published literature. We identify 11 potential seismogenic sources, of which 10 show normal kinematics and 1 is strike-slip. From these 11 potential sources, we explore 4 alternative source configurations, to account for uncertainty in fault activity. For the hazard calculations, we test various prediction models for surface rupture and surface displacement, for both ‘principal’ and ‘distributed' faulting. These models use different displacement metrics (AD/MD) and faulting definitions (principal, distributed, sum-of-principal, aggregated), making a direct inter-model comparison difficult. In addition to the regional-scale analysis and to overcome faulting definitions inconsistencies, we also investigate specific potentially critical sites (dams and bridges), enabling a more comprehensive comparison among models.Results indicate that the fault displacement hazard is generally low, with return periods for significant displacement values (>10 cm) largely exceeding 10 kyr. The hazard is the highest along the surface fault traces (principal faulting) and decreases rapidly with distance from them (distributed faulting), emphasising the importance of having a reliable knowledge of surface traces of active and capable faults. We also highlight the high model variability, demonstrating the importance of using a logic-tree approach.

On 2 May 2025, a Mw 7.4 earthquake occurred ~120 km off the southern tip of Tierra del Fuego, at the intersection of the Shackleton Fracture Zone and the Chilean Trench. This event is the largest recorded within this complex plate boundary, filling a

Marine and coastal data management is crucial for scientific research, economic activities, and environmental monitoring. Marine data is collected from different sources using various tools and methodologies. There are several methods used for formatting marine data, but to put them in a standardized form takes time, effort and knowledge. To overcome the technical difficulties involved in submitting data, a group of 41 international organizations, led by HCMR (Greece) and MARIS (The Netherlands), is active in the EMODnet Data Ingestion project. Their goal is to simplify the process of data acquisition and transformation, ensuring data becomes interoperable and increasing the availability of marine data. By providing a structured platform for the submission, management, and dissemination of marine datasets, the project fosters an environment where data can be easily accessed, shared, and utilized by a wide range of stakeholders, including researchers, policymakers, and public. This paper presents EMODnet Data Ingestion services within the framework of the broader EMODnet. Examples of data sharing and important aspects of the EMODnet Data portal are delivered.

This document is MINKE’s Deliverable 9.1: “White paper on advances in Absolute Salinity measurements”. It describes the state-of-the-art in the measurement of Absolute Salinity in seawater.

Darbelerin gerçek mağduru o ülkelerde yaşayan insanlardır. 1960, 1970, 1980, 15 Temmuz darbelerini ve 28 Şubat post modern darbesini, toplumun kendilerine yönetme hakkı vermediği kimselerin, işbirliği ve görev bölümü yaptıkları gruplarla beraber halkın iradesine müdahale ederek, meşru yönetimi devirerek, yönetme hakkını gasp ettikleri söylenilebilir. Bu müdahaleler sonrası halkın bağrından çıkmış, TSK’nin itibarının zedelendiğini, halkın askere bakışında olumsuzluklar olduğunu ve bu darbeleri halkın benimsemediğini, daha önce milletin gözünde güvenilir kurumların başında gelen ordunun halkın gözünden düştüğünü ve güvenilir olmayan kurumların arasına girdiği düşünülmektedir. Bilahare kışlasına dönen, güvenilirliğini artıran, Türk silahlı kuvvetlerinin 10 yıl geçmeden yeni bir darbe içinde kendilerini bulmaları, ordunun bu güvenilirliği kaybettiğini, halkımızın yeniden orduya olan itimadının zayıfladığı, bunun ise halkın orduya karşı güvenin sarsılmasına neden olduğu söylenilebilir. Ne hazindir ki sonradan milli orduya kumpas olduğu belirlenen ve birçok mağduriyetlerin yaşandığı, bazı subayların intihar ettiği, orduya karşı yapılan, Ergenekon, balyoz, sarıkız ve ay ışığı gibi davalarının ve operasyonların başlangıcında halkımızın bu tür operasyonları yapanlara destek veriyorlardı. Askerlerin tutuklanmalarına seviniyorlardı. Çünkü orduya karşı güven sarsılmıştır. Bu tür davranış tamamen halkın orduya karşı güvensizliğinden kaynaklanmaktadır. Bu destekler, ordunun geçmişte siyaset kurumuna karşı yaptığı haksız uygulamalardandır. 15 Temmuz’da ordunun tamamının darbe içerisinde yer almaması ve darbenin bastırılmasında da etkin rol alması ordunun güvenilirliğini yeniden artırmıştır. 15 Temmuz, Türk milletinin, milli orduyla beraber darbelere karşı direndiği bir mücadeledir.15 Temmuz, milli iradeye sahip çıkma günüdür.

Seismic interferometry makes it possible to reconstruct redatumed signals creating virtual sources at receivers. The conventional method utilizes the crosscorrelation of recorded signals from a plurality of sources to estimate the Green’s function between receivers. Great advantages are to remove the propagation effects outside the representation zone, and redatum signals without the need of velocity model. The seismic interferometry method requires an appropriate and complete distribution of seismic sources around the receivers for signal representation with stationary conditions. Lack of coverage may results in ghost and artefacts. However, the condition to have only partial coverage by sources is common. Recently, a method was proposed to overcome these limitations and to extend the stationary conditions for selected events. The tangent-phase interferometry (TPI) corrects the phase in the cross-correlations before integral representation. This approach requires identification of the signal trends for selected events in the cross correlations, and corresponds to move the virtual source from receiver positions to projected points on the signal wavefronts. We present a review of TPI applications, with the analysis of emerging aspects in different examples. This review is aimed at evaluating advantages and critical issues in the joint use of TPI with other inversion and imaging methods.

This article comprises a development of Amos Yong’s three-phase Pentecostal missiology in the direction of postcolonialism fostering “mutually transformative missions.” An appropriation of theological insights from process-relational theology and a creative application of those insights to Yong’s postcolonial proposal facilitate a fuller “non-colonial” missiological model that is grounded both metaphysically and theologically. Three particular metaphysical categories from process-relational theology may support the development of a postcolonial Pentecostal missiology: panentheistic pluralism, mutual transformation, and divine vulnerability. Two case studies are presented to highlight these themes. In terms of metaphysical grounding, process-relational theology may aid Pentecostals in freeing themselves of their colonial rootedness, not just in the West, but in the burgeoning Pentecostal movements in the Global South. By embracing panentheistic pluralism, mutual transformation, and divine vulnerability, Pentecostal missiology might take another step in the postcolonial direction. In so doing, Pentecostals might ultimately articulate a global non-colonial, process-relational missiology that focuses less on coercive conquest and more on loving relationality.

Í greininni er fjallað um það fyrirkomulag leyfa til raforkuframleiðslu, sem mælt er fyrir um í 7. gr. tilskipunar 2009/72/EB um innri markað raforku. Fyrirkomulagið á að stuðla að greiðum aðgangi að framleiðslu raforku og virkri samkeppni. Leitað er svara við því hvaða skyldur ríkin verða að uppfylla samkvæmt reglum 7. gr., einkum í ljósi krafna um jafnræði og gagnsæi í málsmeðferðinni, og jafnframt hvort reglurnar þjóni tilgangi sínum. Færð eru rök fyrir því að óljóst sé hvaða skyldur reglurnar leggi á ríkin. Þær taki ekki nægilega vel mið af því hve málsmeðferð vegna leyfa til að reisa og reka raforkuver er ólík og flókin í aðildarríkjunum og því hve raforkuver eru ólík að stærð og gerð.