Oyster & Pearl Hospital

Research was conducted to find stem rust resistance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) common varieties in India (Maharashtra). Released wheat varieties were evaluated for their resistance to stem rust at adult plant stage in artificially epiphytotic condition in field, during Rabi season of the year 2024–2025. The varieties were screened against a mixture of five dominant stem rust pathotypes, and disease reactions were categorized using Peterson’s Scale based on per cent rust infection. The results indicated that eight varieties viz., NIAW 4028, NIAW 34, Jay, NIDW 1149, NIAW 3624, NIAW 917, NIAW 1415, and NIDW 15 were resistant, while another eight varieties viz., Kenphad 25, NI 747-19, N 5749, NI 5643, NIAW 3170, Kenphad-39, N 146, and NI 917 exhibited moderate resistance. Five varieties viz., NI 345, NI 9947, Niphad-4, NIDW 295 and NIAW 1994 showed moderately susceptible reactions, and two varieties viz., N 5439 and NIAW 301 were susceptible. None of the entries showed complete immunity. Notably, twenty-one varieties recorded AUDPC values below 100, indicating effective resistance that can be exploited in breeding for durable stem rust resistance.

Isotopes in the region of the nuclear chart below ⁶⁸Ni have been the subject of intense experimental and theoretical effort due to the potential onset of a new "island of inversion" when crossing the harmonic oscillator subshell closure at <em>N</em> = 40. We have measured the masses of ⁶⁴⁻⁶⁸Mn using TITAN's multiple-reflection time-of-flight mass spectrometer, resulting in the first precision mass measurements of ⁶⁷Mn and ⁶⁸Mn. These results are compared to <em>ab initio</em> calculations and modern shell model calculations and show an increase in collectivity approaching <em>N</em> = 40.

Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is a debilitating affliction that affects diverse quality of life (QoL) parameters such as sleep, self-esteem, and daily activities. Second-generation antihistamines, such as desloratadine, are more effective and safer in managing CSU. Desloratadine is a nonsedating, potent, and highly selective H1 receptor antagonist. At its daily dose of 5 mg, almost half of CSU patients do not show symptomatic improvement. European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI)/Global Allergy and Asthma European Network (GA2LEN)/European Dermatology Forum (EDF) (EuroGuiDerm)/Asia Pacific Association of Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology (APAAACI) guidelines recommend increasing the dosage to up to four times in such nonresponsive patients. However, there is insufficient clinical evidence in Indian settings. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of 10 mg desloratadine (OD) in 256 nonresponsive patients with moderate to severe CSU. The primary outcome was the change in Urticaria Activity Score (UAS7) from baseline to four weeks. Additionally, change in Chronic Urticaria Quality of Life (CU-Q2oL) scores during the course of treatment was also evaluated. The mean UAS7 scores showed a significant reduction from 31.9 ± 4.8 at baseline to 18.2 ± 8.1 at the end of the study (p < 0.0001). The use of a higher dose of desloratadine also decreased the CU-Q2oL scores significantly from 59.8 ± 14.7 at baseline to 35.4 ± 10 at four weeks (p < 0.0001). The incidence of adverse events (AEs) possibly linked to the drug was low (1.6%), and no serious adverse events were reported. Results indicated improvements in the disease severity as well as its positive impact on participants' QoL. This study confirms the efficacy and safety of daily use of a twofold dose of desloratadine in nonresponsive moderate to severe CSU patients.

Dental photography is a vital component in the diagnosis and documentation of dental cases. This study aimed to evaluate the familiarity, approach, and practice of dental interns and postgraduate students with respect to dental clinical photography. A total of 250 participants completed a questionnaire, with 78.4% being interns and 21.6% postgraduates. The study found that only 7.3% of participants used a DSLR camera for dental clinical photography, with mobile cameras being the most extensively used device. The high cost of equipment was cited as the primary reason for this. The study also revealed that learning and education needs to be significantly improved in dental clinical photography to ensure better documentation and patient confidentiality.Photography has been widely used in health sciences, including dentistry, to diagnose, document, and record cases. Dental photography is renowned for aiding in clinical diagnosis, similar to the use of x-rays, laboratory workup, or other examinations or tests. However, the use of dental clinical photography varies widely among dental interns and postgraduate students. This study aimed to evaluate their familiarity, approach, and practice in this field.A total of 250 participants, including dental interns and postgraduate students, completed a questionnaire about their familiarity, approach, and practice with dental clinical photography. The survey data were collected and analyzed to evaluate the use of different devices, patient consent and confidentiality, and the overall approach of participants towards dental photography. The study found that only 7.3% of participants used a DSLR camera for dental clinical photography, with mobile cameras being the most extensively used device. The high cost of equipment was cited as the primary reason for this. The majority of participants found it essential to document cases for marketing purposes. In terms of maintaining patient consent and confidentiality, informed consent was obtained from the majority of patients before documenting pictures. Additionally, a few of the participants covered their patient’s eyes to avoid breaching confidentiality. The study revealed that learning and education needs to be significantly improved in dental clinical photography to ensure better documentation and patient confidentiality. Dental photography can be made an intriguing subject to record cases efficiently and provide exceptional opportunities for instruction, patient simulation, and recall visits by students. Dental interns and postgraduate students need to be educated on the benefits and correct approach to dental clinical photography.

福井県中池見凹地の下部砂礫層の対比を行うため,断片的に挾在する細粒堆積物の花粉分析を行った.空間的に分布する花粉群を対比するためにクラスター分析を行い,化石花粉群を6つのタイプC,S,P,T,D,Aに分けた.その結果をもとに,4つの地域花粉帯NKM-I～IV帯を設定し,地層の対比と時代の推定を行った.スギ属花粉が卓越するNKM-I帯と,落葉広葉樹花粉が優占するNKM-II帯が酸素同位体ステージ(MIS)7に,マツ科針葉樹花粉の優占するNKM-III帯がMIS 6に,そして再びスギ属花粉が多くなるNKM-IV帯がMIS 5に相当すると考えられる.

本州中部,長野県北部に分布する高野層は,上部更新統のテフラ立山D(Tt-D),御岳第1(On-Pm1),鬼界葛原(K-Tz),阿蘇4(Aso-4),御岳奈川(On-Ng),立山E(Tt-E),大山倉吉(DKP)および姶良Tn(AT)を挾在する.同層の花粉群の層位的変動に基づき,下位より局地化石花粉群帯TKN-I～VIII帯を設定した.この花粉帯を,野尻湖,諏訪湖など近隣の花粉帯と広域テフラを鍵層として対比し,地域的な環境変遷を明らかにした.Aso-4を挾むTKN-IV帯,Tt-E,DKPを挾むTKN-VII帯は,マツ科針葉樹やカバノキ属花粉が優占する寒冷な気候,Tt-Dを挾むTKN-II帯,On-Ngの直上のTKN-V帯,DKPの上位のTKN-VIII帯は,温帯性落葉広葉樹花粉が優占する温暖な気候,最下部のTKN-1帯,On-Pm1,K-Tzを挾むTKN-III帯,Tt-Eの下位のTKN-VI帯は,スギ属,ヒノキ科花粉が多く,降水量の多い冷涼な気候を示唆する.DKPの降灰期はMIS3/4境界,すなわち約58～59kaより古くなる可能性が指摘できる.