Paignton Health and Wellbeing Centre

In urban canyons, the positioning accuracy obtainable from global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) is mainly impaired by signal interference due to multipath and non-lineof-sight (NLOS) effects. GNSS is one of the sensors used in connected autonomous vehicles (CAVs) for positioning, navigation and timing (PNT). Hence, it is essential that GNSS receivers in CAVs are robust and resilient. In this paper, a method consisting of two layers of GNSS observation checks is suggested to exclude these effects in order to improve the positioning accuracy. The first layer excludes all non-consistent measurements identified by a chi-square test threshold. The second layer uses a decision tree for the exclusion of any remaining multipath/NLOS affected measurements, based on a data set obtained from a ray tracer for a 3D mapped model environment. The simulation results show an enhancement in positioning accuracy greater than 95%.

Background:In the United Kingdom, the new NHS contract for primary care mandates that practices use the Electronic Frailty Index (EFI) to screen for frailty and apply clinical judgment, based on knowledge of the patient, to decide whether they have a diagnosis of frailty. EFI has not yet been validated for this purpose. Many primary care clinicians would agree that although not formally investigated, there seems to be a strong association between being housebound or in institutional care and having a diagnosis of frailty. Although being housebound or in institutional care is not commonly coded in primary care computer record systems (IT), this cohort of patients do require home visits if they become unwell. Home visits are coded and it is simple to run a search on primary care IT to generate a list of older people who have received a home over given period.Aim:This study assessed whether being housebound and requiring home visits could form a new screening tool for frailty.Design and Setting:Retrospective cohort study from 1/3/15 to 29/2/16. Primary care, South Devon.Method:Medical records of 154 patients over 65 years of age were evaluated. Patients were divided into two groups: a group (n = 82) that had received a home visit and a second group consisting of a randomized sample of patients (n = 72) with similar baseline characteristics who had not. Patient records were analyzed by two clinicians to determine whether a frailty syndrome was present. Researchers were blinded to each other's results. An arbitrator determined the frailty status on disagreement.Results:Home visits have a sensitivity of 87.23% [95% confidence interval (CI): 74.35%–95.17%] and specificity of 61.68% (95% CI: 51.78%–70.92%). For frailty, Cohen's Kappa showed fair interobserver reliability.Conclusion:This study suggests that home visits are a good screen for frailty; the data are easy to retrieve from primary care IT and could be used as a valid screening tool to assist with identifying frailty in primary care.

The modern zoo is one in a continual state of renewal, new developments being undertaken on a frequent basis to improve a site to benefit the many stakeholders, including animals, staff and visitors, and to maintain their continued support. Business development is also required to optimize the potential of a site to raise a surplus of cash to undertake important mission work including conservation. However, business growth to facilitate mission work presents an interesting dichotomy, one based around compromise borne from the need to undertake development to meet and exceed stringent welfare requirements and encourage visitors into a competitive market place for good days out. The potential ‘cost’ of the transaction business versus mission falls within the realm of managing and planning the zoo site itself, a cost that can impact beyond the borders of the site itself to include populations of flora and fauna that are affected by the management decisions made on site. These include populations of native species and their habitat but can also be considered to include wider environmental costs associated with trading where resources are brought in and have the potential to impact upon global habitats and threatened populations of species beyond the purely local scale. This can be a source of tension or conflict, a prerequisite to ethics. This paper reviews the conflict and the ethical choices that arise from plant procurement and use in zoos. It is concerned with providing (1) a framework based on optimizing potential and resolving conflict and (2) the provision of guidance to address issues of responsible personal conduct of those who are accountable for undertaking such services in zoos.

Visitors to zoos make judgements about animal welfare on the basis of what they see during their visit. There has been a considerable amount of research and debate surrounding the use of enclosure style and/or animal behavior to act as indicators of animal welfare. There are assumptions, supported by some studies but contradicted by others, that naturalistic enclosures and the expression of “wild behavior” inherently promote good welfare. These assumptions also appear to be used by the public to judge the welfare of zoo-housed animals. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether visitors to Paignton Zoo Environmental Park, UK, were using these assumptions to judge the welfare of zoo-housed animals. Visitors (n=42) were shown two series of photographs (n=8 in each series), one representing different primate enclosure styles and one depicting different tiger behaviors. The visitors were asked to rank the photographs in response to a series of questions (n=4 primate enclosure; n=5 tiger behavior). The public were consistent in their assessment of enclosure styles, which confirmed they held the assumption that naturalistic enclosures are good; all respondents rated the greenest enclosure highly and thought its inhabitants would have the best welfare. The interpretation of captive tiger behavior was also consistent across respondents, but this did not clearly indicate that they thought wild behavior was good. Most respondents thought that tigers in captivity and in the wild performed similar behavior. However, they did not think that expression of wild-type behavior was indicative of good welfare in captivity.

Journal Article Sir W. A. Raleigh and the Baconians Get access C. L'Estrange Ewen C. L'Estrange Ewen 1Paignton Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume 186, Issue 3, 29 January 1944, Page 75, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/186.3.75a Published: 29 January 1944

Tennyson's 'Flower in the Crannied Wall.' Get access H. N. Ellacombe H. N. Ellacombe 1Bitton Vicarage, Bristol Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume s11-III, Issue 62, 4 March 1911, Page 167, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/s11-III.62.167d Published: 04 March 1911