Palestine Technical College

A man in his early 50 s presented with a 7-day history of progressive, symmetrical weakness that began in the lower limbs and ascended to involve the upper limbs. His symptoms were accompanied by distal paresthesia and complete areflexia. Three weeks prior to presentation, he experienced a self-limiting febrile illness associated with dark urine and elevated transaminase levels, which resolved spontaneously. On admission, laboratory investigations demonstrated elevated liver enzyme levels and positive anti–hepatitis E virus Immunoglobulin M antibodies, confirming acute hepatitis E virus infection. Nerve conduction studies were consistent with the acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy variant of Guillain–Barré syndrome. The patient was treated with intravenous immunoglobulin (0.4 g/kg/day for 5 days) and was closely monitored for respiratory and autonomic complications. Gradual neurological improvement was observed, along with normalization of liver function tests. To the best our knowledge, this case represents the first documented occurrence of hepatitis E virus-associated Guillain–Barré syndrome in Egypt after a careful review of the literature. It underscores the importance of considering hepatitis E virus infection in the differential diagnosis of Guillain–Barré syndrome, particularly in patients presenting with elevated liver enzymes or a recent history of hepatitis in hepatitis E virus-endemic regions. Early recognition and prompt initiation of immunotherapy may improve neurological recovery and clinical outcomes in this rare but clinically significant association.

هدفت الدراسة التعرف إلى فاعلية الأساليب التدريبية الحديثة (التاباتا، الفارتلك، والمنحدرات) في تطوير بعض المتغيرات البدنية والمؤشرات الفسيولوجية لدى ناشئي كرة القدم ، استخدم الباحث المنهج التجريبي للقياسين القبلي والبعدي، أجريت الدراسة الحالية على عينة قصدية قوامها (24) لاعبا، تم تقسميهم إلى ثلاث مجموعات وهي مجموعة تتدرب بأسلوب التاباتا، ومجموعة تتدرب بأسلوب الفارتلك، ومجموعة تتدرب بأسلوب المنحدرات، وبواقع (8) لاعبين لكل مجموعة، حيث خضعت هذه المجموعات الى ثلاثة برامج تدريبية وفقا لطبيعة الاسلوب التدريبي المستخدم، ولمدة (8) اسابيع ، وبواقع (3) وحدات تدريبية اسبوعيا، تم اجراء اختبارات البدنية والفسيولوجية المتعلقة (عدو (30)متر، العدو (30 ×5) متر، الوثب العمودي، شناو(15) ثانية، الجلوس من الرقود (30) ثانية، السعة الحيوية (VC)، والحد الاقصى لاستهلاك الاكسجين (Vo2max)، وبعد عملية جمع البيانات تم معالجتها إحصائياً باستخدام برنامج الرزم الإحصائية (SPSS)، حيث اظهرت نتائج الدراسة الآتية: وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند قيمة الدلالة (α≤05) في تطوير بعض المتغيرات البدنية والمؤشرات الفسيولوجية لدى ناشئي كرة القدم بين القياسين القبلي والبعدي لمجموعات التدريبة الثلاث (التاباتا والفارتلك والمنحدرات). وجود فروق دالة إحصائيا عند مستوى الدلالة (α ≤05) في المتغير البدني (الوثب العمودي) تبعا لمتغير الأسلوب التدريبي بين متوسط (التاباتا)، ومتوسط (الفارتلك) ولصالح ومتوسط (التاباتا)، وأيضا توجد فروق دالة إحصائيا بين متوسط (التاباتا) ومتوسط (المنحدرات) ولصالح ومتوسط (التاباتا)، كما توجد فروق دالة إحصائيا بين متوسط (الفارتلك) ومتوسط (المنحدرات) ولصالح ومتوسط (المنحدرات). وجود فروق دالة إحصائيا عند مستوى الدلالة (α ≤05) في مؤشر الحد الاقصى لاستهلاك الاكسجين (VO2max) تبعا لمتغير الأسلوب التدريبي بين متوسط (التاباتا)، ومتوسط (الفارتلك) ولصالح متوسط (الفارتلك)، بينما لا توجد فروق دالة إحصائيا بين متوسط (التاباتا) ومتوسط (المنحدرات)، وأيضا لا توجد فروق دالة إحصائيا بين متوسط (الفارتلك) ومتوسط (المنحدرات). ويوصي الباحث توجيه مدربي اللياقة البدنية إلى التنويع في استخدام الأساليب التدريبية المختلفة بهدف تطوير القدرات البدنية وتحسين المؤشرات الفسيولوجية. بالاضافة إلى حث المدربين على دمج تدريبات التاباتا في البرامج التدريبية لتطوير القوة العضلية، والقوة الانفجارية، والقوة المميزة بالسرعة، وتحمل القوة، ةتدريبات الفارتلك كوسيلة فعالة لتحسين التحمل الدوري التنفسي وتعزيز الأداء البدني، وتدريب المنحدرات في تنمية السرعة وتحمل السرعة.

Keywords at the beginning of research articles are crucial for conveying the content and main ideas of academic works. They serve as essential tools for researchers to efficiently search for relevant topics. The integration of traditional natural language processing (NLP) techniques with modern deep learning methods has significantly advanced keyword extraction across various languages. However, extracting keywords from Arabic research poses unique challenges due to the language's complex morphology, rich semantics, and a scarcity of available resources. This study aims at identifying and analyzing keywords in a sample of studies from 480 peer-reviewed Arabic journals across diverse scientific fields, leading to the development of a specialized dataset for Arabic keyword extraction. The dataset comprises 38,728 records, each containing abstract and authors-specified keywords. We utilized this novel dataset to train and evaluate several BERT-based models tailored for the Arabic language, including bertBaseArabic, bertBaseQarib, camelBERT, multidialectBERT, and baseAraBERT. Prior to training, the dataset underwent comprehensive pre-processing, including data cleaning, lemmatization, and binary tagging. The keyword extraction task was transformed into a binary classification problem, where tokens were labeled as either keywords or non-keywords, simplifying the learning process. Experimental results indicate that the bertBaseQarib model achieved the highest performance, with an F1-score of 0.951, precision of 0.968, and recall of 0.940. This study highlights the effectiveness of BERT-based models in Arabic keyword extraction and emphasizes the importance of large, diverse datasets in achieving robust NLP outcomes. Future work will focus on expanding the dataset and optimizing model architectures for even better performance.

BackgroundCaring for individuals at the end of life is a profound emotional and complex responsibility, especially within acute care settings where healthcare professionals must navigate the delicate balance between administering life-saving treatments and providing end-of-life care. This dual role can create considerable challenges for healthcare providers, many of whom may feel inadequately prepared or lack the confidence to offer the specialized care required in these situations. This study aimed to examine the factors influencing nurses’ self-efficacy in delivering EOLC in Palestinian acute care hospitals, focusing on communication and patient management competencies.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 100 nurses from governmental hospitals in Nablus, Salfit, and Ramallah, selected using convenience sampling. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire that included demographic information and the validated Self-Efficacy in Palliative Care Scale (SEPC-S), covering communication and patient management domains. Descriptive statistics summarized participant characteristics. Inferential analyses—including Pearson correlation, one-way ANOVA, and stepwise multiple regression—were performed to identify significant relationships and predictors of self-efficacy in EOLC. All statistical analyses were conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 21.0.ResultsNurses reported moderate self-efficacy in EOLC, with patient management scoring highest (mean = 7.57, SD = 1.49) and communication lowest (mean = 4.84, SD = 2.40). Significant positive correlations were found between self-efficacy and factors such as age (p = 0.212), marital status (p = 0.03), and education level (p = 0.06). Stepwise regression analysis showed that both patient management (β = 0.76, p < 0.001) and communication (β = 0.54, p < 0.001) domains significantly predicted perceived EOLC competence, collectively explaining 85% of the variance (R² = 0.85, p < 0.001).ConclusionsThis study highlights the need for educational and institutional interventions to enhance nurses’ self-efficacy in EOLC. Targeted training programs focusing on communication, symptom management, and interdisciplinary teamwork are essential to fill identified gaps. Simulation-based learning and mentorship can help nurses gain the necessary skills. Policymakers and healthcare institutions should integrate comprehensive palliative care training into nursing curricula and practice to ensure high-quality, compassionate EOLC, ultimately improving patient outcomes and care quality.

Improving the quality of the produced artwork would require the development of computer numerical control (CNC) technology for various wood shaping processes. This paper presents the development and implementation of a CNC wood carving machine. This project aims to produce wood carvings with high precision and low cost. The electronic components were selected, the mechanical frame of the machine was built, and all parts of the machine were assembled and installed. The presented wood carving machine is based on the principle of drawing the desired shape, translating it into G-code, and then sending it to the microcontroller program. The microcontroller sends instructions to the CNC shield, which drives three stepper motors in a synchronized manner in order to produce the desired carving model. The maximum workpiece of the caving machine designed to be 30x30 cm. Experiments were conducted to test the functionality of the proposed CNC wood carving machine. The results showed that the carved models created by this machine had a carving precision range from ±0.1 to ±0.15 mm and a carving speed of approximately 500 rpm. The proposed CNC can be used to produce low-cost artisanal woodwork applications.

ABSTRACTThe growing demand for energy in developing societies, coupled with dwindling conventional resources, necessitates the adoption of renewable energy (RE) sources. A comprehensive understanding of these sources and their optimal utilization is crucial. The awareness of the users plays a very important role in the effective utilization of different energy sources. Hence, this study examines the level of RE awareness in Palestine, identifying factors influencing public perception and exploring potential strategies for promoting RE adoption. This awareness depends on different factors related to the users' education level, community type, and type of building. Different factors that affect the willingness and attitude to gain knowledge about RE are presented. In addition, various practices highlighting the increasing level of awareness regarding the adoption of RE sources are investigated. In addition, the status of RE education and its potential impact on engineers have also been discussed. Various individual and institutional efforts are highlighted in the study as strategies to bridge the gap and overcome obstacles to adopting RE sources. Suggestions for better use of these resources have been highlighted. Thereafter, recommendations for effective RE implementation in Palestine are analyzed and conclusions are drawn. The main challenges in integrating RE into Palestine's existing energy grid and system include infrastructure limitations, resources and financial constraints, and political issues. Still, there are possibilities in the form of international collaboration and investment. A flexible and modular RE grid could also address some of these challenges by integrating small‐scale systems that can be scaled up as needed.

The study aimed to identify the role of sports media in spreading health awareness to reduce sports injuries from the point of view of the players of the Palestinian and Yemeni football teams. The researchers used the descriptive analytical approach in a comprehensive survey method, where the study population consisted of players from the Yemeni and Palestine national teams, numbering (52) players. (26) players for each team. The questionnaire was used as a tool to collect data after verifying its validity and reliability. The study concluded that the sports media in Palestine and Yemen do not participate effectively in spreading health awareness to reduce sports injuries, especially television sports programs, and newspapers usually It addresses player injuries without delving into their causes and how to avoid them. In light of the results of the study, the researchers recommended several recommendations, the most important of which is that the sports media in Palestine and Yemen attach great importance to health awareness of sports injuries, because of their risks to players and the team.

The present study presents a regression function for optimum tilt angle for fixed mode flat-plate solar harvesters suitable for different locations in Libya, sky conditions and albedo values. The research based on 14 years -15 minutes time series solar irradiation components which provided by Solargis database platform for 24 different locations in Libya, based on the contract signed between the Solargis Company and Wadi AlShatti University. Several transposition models are applied - corresponding to each location - for estimating the tilted global solar irradiance components according to recommendation of a local recent study. The proposed model corrects the optimum tilt angle by involving the three components of the solar irradiation: direct beam, sky-diffused and ground reflected solar irradiances. The results proved the applicability and reliability of the obtained regression model. In addition, results showed the high potential of the proposed model for use in engineering design, eco-energetic analysis and optimum design processes.