Pedagogical and Technological University of Colombia

The cooling and exhumation history of orogens along subduction systems provides unique constraints on regional tectonic evolution, reflecting the interplay between crustal deformation and plate convergence dynamics. Southern Ecuador lies within a transitional zone between the northern and central Andes, where contrasting tectonic histories have generated variations in inherited crustal architecture that influence how regional plate-boundary forcing is expressed in the upper plate. We present new apatite fission-track thermochronology data from seventeen plutonic rock samples across five crustal blocks in southern Ecuador: Western Cordillera, Eastern Cordillera, Intermontane basins, Celica-Lancones, and Amotape-Tahuin. Our results show that cooling ages are internally consistent within each block but differ across them, revealing a pattern of diachronous exhumation in most blocks. Some blocks instead record pronounced post-magmatic cooling, suggesting shallow pluton emplacement. Thermal history modeling, based on good-fit time–temperature paths indicates that regional exhumation initiated in the middle Eocene and persisted thereafter. The cooling trajectories group into three distinct, albeit partially overlapping, intervals: ~45–38 Ma (middle - late Eocene), ~40–30 Ma (late Eocene – early Oligocene), and ~ 33–25 Ma (Oligocene). We interpret this protracted and spatially variable exhumation as reflecting changes in the boundary conditions of the subduction system, including a transition from oblique to more orthogonal convergence and increases in convergence rates during the Cenozoic. However, the observed spatial variability is more directly linked to the progressive re-activation of major fault systems and, locally, to magmatic activity. • New thermochronological data reveal diachronous exhumation in Southern Ecuador. • Thermal modeling identifies three main cooling phases. • Exhumation reflects shifts in subduction dynamics and is influenced by with fault-controlled deformation.

Sustainable practices are a set of behavioral strategies aimed at satisfying human needs within a specific historical, cultural, and community framework, emphasizing the harmonious relationship with the natural environment, society, and culture. These practices are considered fundamental pillars in the promotion of sustainable behaviors in local, urban, rural, educational, and other communities, adopting a participatory approach for their implementation. In a context such as Latin America and the Caribbean, the need to incorporate sustainable practices arises from the environmental challenges generated by the historical processes of extractivist development dissociated from native cultures, making it necessary to rethink development models towards approaches that prioritize equity, ethics, and environmental justice. The study aims to identify research on the theoretical and procedural approach to sustainable practices in LATAM context. A systematic review of 200 academic articles addressing the theoretical and procedural approaches to these practices in Latin America during the period 2010–2024 is carried out. The results, organized by year of publication, type of study, data collection methods, and study populations, reveal how sustainable practices have evolved and strengthened in diverse inclusive contexts, such as educational, peasant, and indigenous communities. This analysis provides a detailed overview of the current landscape of environmental sustainability, contributing significantly to academic knowledge and serving as a basis for future research and public policies aimed at fostering a cultural transformation towards a more equitable, just, and responsible community development with nature.

El suicidio constituye un problema de salud pública complejo y multifactorial que exige el análisis de variables individuales, sociales y contextuales para orientar estrategias de prevención e intervención. El objetivo de esta revisión sistemática fue analizar los factores asociados a las conductas del espectro suicida, con base en modelos explicativos respaldados por estudios empíricos publicados entre 2013 y 2023 en PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus y Scielo. Bajo la metodología PRISMA se seleccionaron y sistematizaron 20 artículos. Los resultados muestran que las variables con mayor valor explicativo de la ideación, intento y riesgo suicida fueron las propuestas por la teoría interpersonal del suicidio, la desesperanza y los trastornos psicológicos. En contraste, el hábito y la capacidad de consumo agregado, desde una perspectiva macroeconómica, explicaron en mayor medida la varianza del suicidio consumado. Se concluye que la prevención requiere enfoques multidimensionales que articulen intervenciones clínicas con políticas públicas sensibles a factores individuales, sociales y económicos.

Hemidactylus frenatus (Duméril & Bibron, 1836) is an invasive lizard distributed across Europe, Africa, and the Americas. In Colombia, it occupies over 70% of the territory in lowlands and mid-elevation areas, with only one record above 2,500 m above sea level (a.s.l). We provide two new records at 2,800 m a.s.l. which expand the distribution of H. frenatus in the Cordillera Occidental of Boyacá, Colombia. These records are the highest in the Neotropics. We discuss the importance of monitoring invasions and the effects of a warming climate in high-mountain ecosystems.

Abstract This study investigated the potential of toasted sugarcane bagasse as an innovative alternative for ageing distillates, taking advantage of the fact that bagasse is an abundant and renewable by-product of panela production (a solid, naturally sweet product made from unrefined sugarcane juice), with little or no information available on the subject. The research focused on its composition after being toasted at 180 °C, 200 °C, and 210 °C, seeking to identify volatile compounds that could contribute to the ageing process. Using solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography, 27 main volatile compounds were identified, including lactones, phenols, and furans. Volatile compounds such as isovaleric acid, 4-vinylguaiacol, guaiacol, maltol, trans-whisky lactone, acetovainillone, coniferaldehyde, syringaldehyde, vanillin, furfural and 5-methylfurfural increased with temperature, with 210 °C generating the highest concentration of these compounds. Low concentrations of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF), trans-2-nonenal, valeric acid, furfurylthiol, cis-whisky lactone, geraniol, syringol, o-cresol, 2, 6-dimethoxyphenol, 4-vinylphenol, 3, 4-dimethylphenol, 4-ethylphenol, isoeugenol, and 4-ethylguaiacol were also detected in low concentrations. A key finding was the similarity of these compounds to those present in traditional ageing woods (American and French oak) and alternative woods (acacia, chestnut, cherry). These results suggest that toasted sugarcane bagasse has promising potential for usage in the ageing of wines and distillates, offering another alternative for utilising this resource beyond sugar or ethanol production. However, further research into this by-product is essential to optimise its application in ageing.