Phoenix Contact (Germany)

This paper demonstrates the critical role of the Asset Administration Shell (AAS) as a standardized framework for data exchange within the industrial automation domain, particularly considering the discrete manufacturing roots of automation projects. To address the lack of integration and collaboration in the supply chain of automation projects, we propose a digitally assisted and efficient solution using the Factory-X project as a case study. This approach connects various tools from manufacturers and integrates them into the toolchains used by system integrators, mechanical engineers, and operators. We demonstrate how the proposed method significantly enhances productivity and the solution-finding process in automation engineering by facilitating the exchange and integration of automation component information between customers and suppliers through AAS.

Sustainability is one of the key challenges of our time. With regard to products and their development, there are currently a large number of approaches that deal with the various aspects of sustainability in the sense of the circular economy with the identification, avoidance and optimization of environmental impacts under disruptive influences. This is also already being discussed intensively at various levels in politics. Directives such as the EU's Green Deal are one example that particularly addresses the reduction of harmful environmental impacts and the promotion of a circular economy. Approaches such as Environmental Product Declarations (EPD) or the Digital Product Passport (DPP) are intended to provide customers and users with a tool to support purchasing decisions by taking these sustainability and circularity-oriented aspects into account. The data-based implementation and support of such approaches presents companies and suppliers with challenges around technical documentation. Particularly in the case of heterogeneous and globally distributed value chains, companies face highly complex challenges when creating the relevant documentation to comply with the guidelines. This article deals with the Product Carbon Footprint (PCF) as the first step and part of an Environmental Product Declaration and focuses in particular the integration and export of corresponding footprint data and documents across company boundaries along the value chain using Asset Administration Shell approaches. An industrially implemented use case is used to demonstrate a systematic structure in a modular and platform-based sustainable data integration approach using CONTACT Software platform technology.

We showed that weight loss-induced prediabetes remission during lifestyle intervention (LI) is determined by increased insulin sensitivity and protects from future T2D development. The extent to which remission of prediabetes occurs without weight loss, and if underlying mechanisms differ from weight loss-induced prediabetes remission, is unknown. In the Prediabetes Lifestyle Intervention Study (PLIS), people with prediabetes underwent a 12 months LI (dietary counselling and advice to increase physical activity) with metabolic assessments before and after, including 5-point OGTT, whole body MRI for fat distribution and 1H-MRS for liver fat. Insulin sensitivity and secretion were assessed by OGTT-derived indices. Remission was achieved when fasting, 2h glucose and HbA1c normalized after LI (= responders (R), otherwise non-responders (NR)) according to ADA criteria. Of 1105 PLIS participants, 234 did not lose or gained weight during LI (median weight change: +2.1% IQR: 0.9 - 3.8), 51 were responders and 183 non-responders (22% remission rate). There were no between-group differences in change of body mass index (mean for R: 29.6±7.3 kg/m2 to 30.6±7.5, for NR: 30.5±5.8 to 31.3±6.1, p group over time =0.47), whole body fat (R: 29.9±13.5 l to 32.0±14.3, NR: 30.6±12.0 to 32.1±12.8, p=0.92) or liver fat (R: 4.1±1.3% to 4.7±1.5, NR: 8.3±1.4 to 8.7±1.5, p=0.82). R had a stronger improvement in insulin sensitivity (OGIS, β₀ (95% CI): 28.3 (12.7-44.0), p=0.0016) and insulin secretion (AUCc-pep0-30/AUCgluc0-30, β₀ 11.3 (1.6-22.8), p=0.039). We replicated this in participants of the US Diabetes Prevention Program. R had a relative risk reduction of 71% to develop T2D than NR at 5 years after LI (risk ratio: 0.29, 95% CI 0.09-0.91, p=0.02). LI-induced prediabetes remission is possible in a substantial proportion despite weight gain and is similarly protective for T2D as weight loss remission. Underlying mechanisms include increased insulin secretion, in contrast to weight loss induced remission. Disclosure A. Sandforth: None. E. Vazquez Arreola: None. R.L. Hanson: None. L. Sandforth: None. S. Katzenstein: None. J. Seissler: None. N. Perakakis: Advisory Panel; Bayer Inc. Other Relationship; Lilly Diabetes, Novo Nordisk. R. Wagner: Speaker's Bureau; Sanofi. Advisory Panel; Lilly Diabetes. Speaker's Bureau; Boehringer-Ingelheim, Novo Nordisk. J. Machann: None. F. Schick: None. A. Peter: None. H. Preissl: None. J. Szendroedi: None. M. Solimena: None. M. Blüher: Speaker's Bureau; Amgen Inc., AstraZeneca, Bayer Inc., Daiichi Sankyo. Advisory Panel; Lilly Diabetes. Speaker's Bureau; Novartis AG. Advisory Panel; Novo Nordisk. Speaker's Bureau; Pfizer Inc., Sanofi. A. Schürmann: None. S. Kabisch: Other Relationship; Sanofi, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Berlin-Chemie AG. Research Support; J. Rettenmaier & Söhne, Rosenberg, Germany, California Walnut Commission, Almond Board of California, Wilhelm-Doerenkamp-Foundation. Other Relationship; JuZo-Akademie, Lilly Diabetes. A.F. Pfeiffer: Advisory Panel; Abbott. Speaker's Bureau; AstraZeneca, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi. Advisory Panel; Berlin-Chemie AG. S.R. Bornstein: None. M. Roden: Advisory Panel; Eli Lilly and Company. Research Support; Boehringer-Ingelheim. Advisory Panel; Novo Nordisk. Research Support; Novo Nordisk. Advisory Panel; TARGET PharmaSolutions, Inc. Speaker's Bureau; AstraZeneca. N. Stefan: Speaker's Bureau; AstraZeneca, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Lilly Diabetes, MSD Life Science Foundation, Novo Nordisk. Advisory Panel; Pfizer Inc. Research Support; Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH. Advisory Panel; GlaxoSmithKline plc. A. Fritsche: Speaker's Bureau; Novo Nordisk, Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, SYNLAB Holding Deutschland GmbH. A.L. Birkenfeld: None. R. Jumpertz von Schwartzenberg: None.

Contaminations can lead to a reduction of the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) leading to an unexpected damage of the components coating inducing damaged areas significantly larger than the beam size. In this study, we developed a process to contaminate the surface of anti-reflective and high-reflective coated optics with Polyether ether ketone particles of the size 10-100 µm. Contaminated samples were then irradiated with a ns-pulsed high repetition 1 µm laser system regarding the determination of the LIDT. We especially illustrate detection as well as the irradiation and monitoring of a single particles during laser irradiation. In conclusion, we have not observed any damages on clean samples up to an energy density of 1 J/cm². However, the particles got already damaged one to two magnitudes below this leading to a significant decrease in the surface damage threshold.

The use of product families can improve the efficiency of product development as opposed to develop a single-product by reusing existing artefacts and optimizing variability, which leads to a saving of resources and is therefore a sustainable approach. To extend new variants of an already modelled product via the approach of a product family the challenge is to merge the product models, so that the same and varying parts in the model are semantically correct identified and mapped to each other. This paper proposes a comprehensive approach for sustainable development of product families using the Distributed Ontology Language (DOL), Functional Architectures for Systems (FAS), and Systems Modeling Language (SysML). The proposed approach integrates the idea of DOL to represent an ontology of sustainability criteria and to map them to the functional architecture of a product family. FAS is used to model the functional architecture of the product family, while the FAS ontology is used to formalize the functional architecture and provide a standardized vocabulary and set of rules for modelling the functional aspects of the product family. SysML is used to model the product family. The proposed method is demonstrated through a case study of developing a sustainable product family of vacuum cleaner robots. The results show that the proposed method can help to identify opportunities for reducing environ-mental impact and improving social responsibility in the product family design while ensuring that functional requirements and design constraints are met semantically correct.

The incidence of skin cancer, including melanoma, has been steadily increasing over the past decades. Early-stage melanoma often exhibits minimal symptoms, making it challenging to detect. However, when it progresses to later stages and spreads to the lymph nodes, the chances of survival significantly decrease. The current diagnostic gold standard involves invasive and time-consuming procedures, such as visual examination, excision, and histological examination of tissue samples. As an alternative, we developed a new multimodal optical system that addresses these challenges by integrating ultrasound (US), photoacoustic tomography (PAT), optical coherence tomography (OCT) and Raman spectroscopy (RS) into a single measurement unit. The optical coherence tomography OCT delivers detailed structural and depth information for thin skin lesions, while US and PAT enable the assessment of penetration depth in thicker lesions, and Raman spectroscopy analyzes the chemical composition of skin lesions, aiding in the differentiation between benign and malignant cases. The US and PAT are seamlessly integrated using an acoustical reflector inside a custom-made water tank, enabling C-mode measurements at the same position as OCT and RS without the need to switch scanning heads. Our system offers a fast and non-invasive approach to measure the dignity and maximal depth of skin lesions, which can help the dermatologists to make informed decisions regarding excision margins. The exemplary imaging capabilities of the presented multimodal setup are demonstrated <i>in vivo </i>on human nevus, which was excised after the measurement. The obtained results are compared with corresponding histological images for comprehensive evaluation.

New solutions are required for short-range optical transmission without lithography due to the complex and inflexible manufacturing processes. Glass is an excellent material for optical applications. Still, few microprocessing technologies are available, which are limited in precision and design freedom. A new glass micromachining process called Laser Induced Deep Etching (LIDE) can accurately machine many types of glass without generating micro-cracks, introducing stress, or causing other damage. This study uses LIDE to produce carrier substrates out of glass for integrated optical systems. Due to its transmission characteristics and refractive index, it also functions as optical cladding for integrated polymer optical waveguides. U-shaped cavities are etched into the glass and filled using the doctor-blade technologie with conventional liquid optical polymers, which are then globally cured. This novel manufacturing method is called LDB (LIDE-Doctor-blade). Optical waveguiding in the visible to near-infrared wavelength range is possible by the higher refractive index of the cured polymer. The waveguide is embedded in a near-surface cavity, with no additional upper cladding other than air to the environment, created by a combination of subtractive and additive manufacturing processes. The exposed area can affect transmission quality, and this study purposely exploits this by applying fluids with different properties, such as refractive index and viscosity. Changes in intensity are analyzed and evaluated to demonstrate a sensory function.

The demand on the miniaturization of products has fostered the advancement of high-resolution fabrication technologies. Here, we demonstrate a simple and low-cost UV-LED-based lithography technique for structuring at micro- and nanoscale. The corresponding experimental setup was established with off-the-shelf components and allows for single structuring within seconds based on a standard microscope projection photolithography (MPP) process. Single lines with feature sizes down to 150 nm were successfully produced. In addition, high-resolution gratings, ring resonators as well as arrayed waveguide gratings at the micro- and nanoscale were successfully fabricated as well. This operation-friendly, highly efficient and low-cost approach exhibits great potential in micro- and nanomanufacturing for applications in fields such as nanophotonics, biophotonics and micro- and nanoelectromechanical systems.