Polish Armaments Group (Poland)

Muzeum w Kętach powstało dzięki Aleksandrowi Kłosińskiemu, który w testamencie przekazał na rzecz miasta prywatną kolekcję składającą się z 750 przedmiotów, w tym zbiór dokumentów z XVI–XX w. Zostało otwarte w 1977 r. z okazji 700-lecia nadania praw miejskich Kętom, a w 1981 r. przekształcono je w Oddział Muzeum Okręgowego w Bielsku-Białej. W 1994 r. nadano mu imię Aleksandra Kłosińskiego, a w 1995 r. przeniesiono do nowej siedziby. W zbiorach muzeum znajduje się m.in. 11 ksiąg cechowych, w tym trzy z cechu piekarskiego. Najstarsza księga cechu piekarskiego z lat 1640–1890 została ufundowana przez ks. Grzegorza Zdziewojskiego. Materiał ten stanowi cenne źródło wiedzy o rzemiośle w Kętach, obejmuje bowiem regestry przedstawicieli władz cechowych, spisy piekarzy zrzeszonych w bractwie, informacje o przyjmowaniu nowych członków, ich obowiązkach oraz relacjach rodzinnych w obrębie cechu. Wpisy dokumentują też fundacje i darowizny na rzecz kościoła oraz lokalnych instytucji.

Electrical discharge machining is one of the main methods of manufacturing technological equipment used in the foundry industry, plastics processing, plastic working, etc. Important elements determining its quality are, apart from the properties of the materials used, the features imparted in the manufacturing processes.The paper presents a brief study of electro-discharge alloying process of surface with using rod vibrating electrode.It is also economically justified to use EDM (Electrical Discharge Machining) to produce machine parts from materials that are easily machined, but with very complex geometry, and therefore difficult and labor-intensive to produce using conventional methods.Spark discharges are created between the working electrode and the workpiece, the entire process takes place in a working medium with dielectric properties.As a result of the local increase in temperature, melting and partial evaporation of the microvolume of the material occurs.The main factors influencing the formation of the surface layer in the process of its modification are the melting process, diffusion processes, rapid heating and cooling of the material, phase transitions and changes in the structure of the layers adjacent to the crater formation site.In the tested process, the modified surface layer with improved properties reached a thickness of up to 90 micrometers, and the material resolidified on the surface of the workpiece contains about 50% of alloying elements.The geometric structure of the surface resulting from the modification is similar to that obtained by EDM.The distribution of inequality vertices is random.For typical machining conditions, the obtained roughness Sa is approximately 3.5 m.

Introduction: Although the dermoscopic features of facial lentiginous melanomas (LM), including lentigo maligna and lentigo maligna melanoma, have been extensively studied, the literature about those located on the scalp is scarce. This study aims to describe the dermoscopic features of scalp LM and assess the diagnostic accuracy of dermoscopy to discriminate them from equivocal benign pigmented macules. Methods: Consecutive cases of scalp LM and histopathology-proven benign but clinically equivocal pigmented macules (actinic keratoses, solar lentigos, seborrhoeic keratoses, and lichen planus-like keratoses) from four referral centres were included. Dermoscopic features were analysed by two blinded experts. The diagnostic performance of a predictive model was assessed. Results: 56 LM and 44 controls were included. Multiple features previously described for facial and extrafacial LM were frequently identified in both groups. Expert’s sensitivity to diagnose scalp LM was 76.8% (63.6–87.0) and 78.6% (65.6–88.4), with specificity of 54.5% (38.9–69.6) and 56.8% (41.0–71.7), and fair agreement (kappa coefficient 0.248). The strongest independent predictors of malignancy were (OR, 95% CI) chaos of colour (15.43, 1.48–160.3), pigmented reticular lines (14.96, 1.68–132.9), increased density of vascular network (3.45, 1.09–10.92), and perifollicular grey circles (2.89, 0.96–8.67). The predictive model achieved 85.7% (73.8–93.6) sensitivity, 61.4% (45.5–75.6) specificity, and 81.5 (73.0–90.0) area under curve to discriminate benign and malignant lesions. A diagnostic flowchart was proposed, which should improve the diagnostic performance of dermoscopy. Conclusion: Both facial and extrafacial dermoscopic patterns can be identified in scalp LM, with considerable overlap with benign pigmented macules, leading to low specificity and interobserver agreement on dermoscopy.

The design, development and performance evaluation of an imaging infrared seeker system of the FOK missile will be presented in this paper. FOK is a guided missile iteratively developed since 2017 by the Students’ Space Association at Warsaw University of Technology, designed as a testbed for the development of control algorithms. Throughout the years of development the design evolved, and currently assumes the incorporation of an electro-optical seeker, enabling the missile to actively search and track ground-based targets. An infrared detection module was chosen as the core sensing component of the system. The module consists of an uncooled 640x512 microbolometer detector array integrated with dedicated optics, providing a high-resolution image in the 8–12μm spectral range. Since the seeker will be mounted at the front of the missile, an IR-transparent nose cone dome was required as part of the optical system. Two dome variants were designed, made out of silicon and germanium, respectively. Optical parameters of the imaging system, composed of the dome — objective — microbolometer array were calculated and confirmed using ray-tracing software. The designed domes were optimized in order to minimize image quality degradation. Key parameters considered during the calculations included: optical aberrations, modulation transfer function — MTF and field of view — FOV. Software-in-the-loop tests with the use of in-house developed simulation software will be performed together with hardware-in-the-loop tests based on capturing real images obtained by the tested system installed under a UAV. The tests’ goal was to check the performance of the developed guidance algorithms in an operational-like environment.

Abstract This article is an attempt to interest the subjects associated with maritime technology — in the possibilities of increasing the safety of Polish Navy ships (or civilian ships), which may be threatened by attacks of maneuvering missiles and drones moving at low altitude at high speed. The concept proposed by the team was initially verified in simulation tests and the obtained results of these studies indicate that the automated missile self-defence system based on guided and unguided missiles with caliber 40 mm and 70 mm, can be an effective means of self-defence (even the smallest vessels). Small dimensions and mass as well as simplicity of use and reliability of this weapon system allow to believe that 40 mm MLRS1 could also be used by special forces of Polish Navy in offensive operations (destruction of lightly armoured objects of surface or ground, vehicles, force, putting smoke screens, mine mines) to 2000 m. For that reason, the system is referred to by the team of implementers as ‘pocket rocket artillery’.