Probi

Esta pesquisa avaliar a importância do acompanhante e do contato pele a pele com o bebê no processo de parturição. É um estudo qualitativo transversal, de amostra por conveniência, constituída por 187 puérperas internadas em maternidade de risco habitual. Coletaram-se dados do prontuário de saúde, do cartão da gestante e de entrevistas em até 48 horas pós-parto, entre agosto/2018 e abril/2019. A média de idade foi de 23,21±0,07 anos, a de consultas pré-natal foi de 5,06, e a de idade gestacional foi de 39,50 semanas. O afastamento entre recém-nascido e mãe ocorreu em 52,9% dos nascimentos, com prevalência da presença do pai (61,7%). Apesar da importância de o recém-nascido permanecer com a mãe na primeira hora de vida, o afastamento acontece em mais de 50% dos nascimentos. A presença do acompanhante ocorreu em mais de 50% dos nascimentos.

The maternal-fetal attachment emphasizes the importance of the maternal predictive behaviour stablished during the pregnancy and after the birth. The support of the prenatal care is beneficial to the behaviour and emotions of the woman during the pregnancy and in the initial months of the child after the birth. This research work investigates the maternal-fetal attachment in gestational period, as well as the influence of prenatal care for the formation of the mother-child bond. This is a qualitative study, performed with10 pregnant women between 20 and 35 years, who are in the third trimester of pregnancy, diagnosed with no mental disorder and who carry out the prenatal care in basic health assistance unities of the municipality Maring, Paran, Brazil Semi-structured interviews were performed for data collection. Content analysis technique was used associated with the software "Atlas TI". Four analytical categories were identified: cognitive, affective attachment, altruistic assistance and health services. In this study, the majority of pregnant women developed the maternal-fetal attachment from the beginning of pregnancy, but in different intensities according to some biopsychosocial factors. By means these results, it is expected to contribute with the planning of educational actions for the integral health attention and the health promotion in maternal-fetal groups.

O objetivo deste trabalho é verificar se as famílias consideram o diferencial de produtividade educacional entre os setores privado e público (em termos de proficiências) ao decidirem sobre a escola de seus filhos. As funções de produção educacionais estimadas pelo modelo de Heckman revelam um diferencial de produtividade em favor do setor privado. Umaumento nos diferenciais de proficiências em matemática e leitura aumenta a probabilidade de as famílias escolherem o setor privado. Além disso, quanto maior a diferença de nível socioeconômico e do percentual de brancos entre os setores privado e público locais factíveis, maior é a probabilidade de a família optar pelo primeiro.

Today, the gut microbiota is considered a key organ in host nutritional metabolism and recent data have suggested that alterations in gut microbiota contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes and obesity. Accordingly, a whole range of beneficial effects relating to inflammation and gut health have been observed following administration of probiotics to both humans and different animal models. The objective of this study was to evaluate the metabolic effects of an oral probiotic supplement, Lactobacillus plantarum DSM 15313, to high-fat diet (HFD) fed C57BL/6J mice, a model of human obesity and early diabetes. The mice were fed the experimental diets for 20 weeks, after which the HFD had induced an insulin-resistant state in both groups compared to the start of the study. The increase in body weight during the HFD feeding was higher in the probiotic group than in the control group, however, there were no significant differences in body fat content. Fasting plasma glucose levels were lower in the group fed the probiotic supplement, whereas insulin and lipids were not different. Caecal levels of short-chain fatty acids were not significantly different between the groups. An oral glucose tolerance test showed that the group fed probiotics had a significantly lower insulin release compared to the control group, although the rate of glucose clearance was not different. Taken together, these data indicate that L. plantarum DSM 15313 has anti-diabetic properties when fed together with an HFD.

Lactic acid-fermented foods have been shown to increase Fe absorption in human subjects, possibly by lowering pH, activation of phytases, production of organic acids, or by the viable lactic acid bacteria. In this study the effect of a heat-inactivated lactic acid-fermented oat gruel with and without added viable, lyophilized Lactobacillus plantarum 299v on non-haem Fe absorption was investigated. Furthermore, Fe absorption in the distal intestine was determined. In a randomized, double-blinded crossover trial eighteen healthy young women aged 22 (SD 3) years with low Fe status (serum ferritin < 30 microg/l) were served the two test gruels, extrinsically labelled with 59Fe and served with two enterocoated capsules (containing 55Fe(II) and 55Fe(III), respectively) designed to disintegrate in the ileum. The meals were consumed on two consecutive days, e.g. in the order AA followed by BB in a second period. Non-haem Fe absorption was determined from 59Fe whole-body retention and isotope activities in blood samples. The concentrations of Fe, lactate, phytate, and polyphenols, and the pH were similar in the heat-inactivated lactic acid-fermented oat gruels with and without added L. plantarum 299v, and no difference in Fe absorption was observed between the test gruels (1.4 and 1.3%, respectively). Furthermore, no absorption of Fe in the distal intestine was observed. In conclusion, addition of viable, lyophilized lactobacillus to a heat-inactivated lactic acid-fermented oat gruel does not affect Fe absorption, and no absorption seems to occur in the distal part of the intestine from low Fe bioavailability meals in these women.