Production Development Corporation

Este artículo analiza la ciencia abierta como horizonte normativo y técnico, y examina la crisis contemporánea de la publicación académica bajo un régimen de métricas e incentivos que reconfigura qué cuenta como “calidad”, quién accede a publicar y cómo circula el prestigio. A partir de una revisión narrativa y selectiva de literatura revisada por pares (2021–2026) y de documentos oficiales y estándares (UNESCO, OECD, Comisión Europea, NIH/OSTP, cOAlition S/Plan S, DOAJ, COPE, Crossref, DataCite, NISO, Clarivate y Scopus), se argumenta que la apertura no es solo un conjunto de prácticas, sino un ensamblaje de infraestructura, gobernanza y evaluación responsable. Se muestra que la combinación de aceleración de flujos editoriales, opacidades en revisión y datos, concentración industrial, economías APC y extractivismo de metadatos se amplifica mediante indicadores (JIF, CiteScore, SJR/SNIP, h-index, Altmetrics) que operan como dispositivos de poder. El trabajo propone una reconfiguración teórica: desplazar el foco desde “cambiar el modelo de revista” hacia “cambiar el régimen”, infraestructura abierta, evaluación responsable y economía política, para sostener velocidad y trazabilidad sin sacrificar rigor, equidad ni autonomía epistémica, con particular atención a las trayectorias latinoamericanas de acceso abierto diamante.

El estudio evalúa la capacidad de carga de 68 senderos en áreas protegidas de la Araucanía, Chile, incorporando factores de corrección precisos, la temporalidad de los flujos de visitantes y una nueva aproximación a la capacidad de manejo (CM). La capacidad de carga varía de 4.870 visitantes diarios en temporada estival, a 1.350 en temporada invernal, revelando brechas principalmente debido a la CM. Se sugiere implementar un monitoreo estacional para seguimiento continuo y futuras investigaciones que ajusten estrategias de manejo según cambios en ecosistemas y patrones de visitación.

Food nutritional quality depends not only on composition but also on matrix-driven digestion. We introduce SHIGAD (Simulator of Human Gastrointestinal Dynamics), a compact, low-cost, two-compartment system that reproduces gastric and small-intestinal conditions. Using reconstituted skimmed milk powder (SMP) as a model substrate, SHIGAD achieved realistic gastric acidification (pH 6.6 → 3.1 in 120 min) and gastric emptying, described by the Elashoff power-exponential model (t1/2 = 30 ± 3 min, β = 2.3 ± 0.4). Proteolysis was characterized using SDS–PAGE, which showed a rapid casein decrease during gastric digestion and complete degradation of whey proteins during the intestinal phase, while the o-phthalaldehyde (OPA) assay showed a biphasic rise in free α-amino groups, reflecting the accumulation of peptide N-terminal amines and small peptides/free amino acids. Confocal laser microscopy captured microstructural transitions from acid-induced coagula to dispersed protein–lipid aggregates. Reproducibility was high (CV < 10%). SHIGAD enables quantitative, accessible digestion studies for food science and protein quality assessment.

Introduction: Self-determination in Health (SDH), defined as a patient's inherent ability to make informed and active decisions about their health care, is a modifiable psychological factor that correlates with motivation, proactive behavior, and improved physical health outcomes. In the context of hemodialysis (HD) therapy, SDH promotes functional autonomy and active patient engagement, even in the face of vulnerability; by contrast, its absence is associated with decision delegation and deterioration in health. The study hypothesizes that patients in hemodialysis programs with higher SDH will have a lower perception of symptoms and a longer survival. Methods: This observational, case-control study was carried out in 14 hemodialysis units in Ecuador from May to June 2025. Patients aged 18 years or older who were enrolled in hemodialysis programs were included. Two groups were formed: one with patients without SDH and the other with patients with SDH. The variables studied included age, duration of hemodialysis treatment, self-determination in health, adherence to treatment, labor integration, physical dependence, acceptance of kidney disease, and scores on "The Dialysis Symptom Index." A 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM) was performed between the groups based on age, sex, and presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The means were compared using Student's t-test, while proportions were compared using Chi-squared tests. An observational survival analysis was also conducted, examining the length of stay in the hemodialysis unit up to the date of the survey. Results: 180 patients without SDH and 184 with SDH were analyzed. Age was similar in both groups (57.9 ± 13.7 years vs. 58.0 ± 11.8 years, P = 0.938). The proportion of men was similar in both groups (51.1% vs. 51.6%; P=0.921). The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus was comparable between the groups (48.3% vs. 47.3%; P=0.841). The group without SDH had a higher rate of physical dependence (53.3%) compared to the group with SDH (25.5%) (P &lt; 0.001). Adherence was greater in the group with SDH (51.6%) than in the group without SDH (36.7%; P &lt; 0.001). Work activity was more common among the group with SDH (38.0%) compared to 12.2% among the group without SDH (12.2%; P &lt; 0.001). The group with SDH showed lower symptom intensity (–25.82%) than the group without SDH (P&lt;0.001). Increased survival was observed in the SDH group, with 29.5 months versus 36.08 months in the non-SDH group (χ2, Log-Rank 7.71, P&lt;0.005). Conclusions: Patients with SDH exhibited longer survival, significantly higher treatment adherence, and less physical dependence. Additionally, self-determination was associated with a reduction in the severity of perceived symptoms, including pain and psychological symptoms such as worry and sadness, across 18 of the 34 assessed. These findings demonstrate that SDH is not just a psychological concept but also a therapeutic goal that impacts survival. Randomized intervention studies in SDH are necessary.

A partir de una revisin crtica de las nociones de "crianza" o uywaa relevadas por distintas investigaciones etnogrficas desarrolladas en el rea andina, nos aproximamos a las convivencias cotidianas y rituales de algunas familias aymara de la Regin de Arica y Parinacota (Chile).Estas convivencias constituyen prcticas de recreacin y revitalizacin de relaciones de convivialidad entre personas y entornos vivos que se desenvuelven en el marco de las inflexiones y fracturas eco-culturales provocadas por su participacin en las formaciones nacionales andinas, as como por las afectaciones ecolgicas producidas por las transformaciones climticas.Es as como, atendiendo al principio de "dejarnos educar" por familias aymara, sugerido por Tim Ingold (2022), desarrollamos una antropologa que, aunque surge de interacciones frgiles y asimtricas, comprende las conversaciones en torno a las crianzas mutuas como correspondencias humanas y ms-que-humanas que permiten pensar -e imaginar-la reproduccin de la vida respondiendo a las tensiones y crisis mltiples.Palabras claves:

The Tuina prospect is situated in northern Chile, approximately 50km east of Calama in the Antofagasta Region. It lies within the Eocene-Oligocene metallogenic belt, which is home to world-class copper deposits, including Chuquicamata, El Abra, and Radomiro Tomic. To characterize the subsurface architecture, we deployed a temporary seismic network of 37 geophones and applied Local Seismic Tomography to derive seismic velocity models. The results show intermediate Vp/Vs values in the prospect area, suggesting a highly fractured environment consistent with surface geological data. Additionally, we identified a high Vp/Vs anomaly with a northwest orientation, reaching depths of up to 20km and intersecting the anomaly associated with Tuina. We propose that this structure is not a simple lineament, as previously suggested, but rather a concealed fault system controlling the eastern boundary of the Eocene-Oligocene metallogenic belt. In this context, the so-called Calama-Olacapato-El Toro lineament represents a complex fault system playing a key role in the region's structural evolution and mineralization. Based on this, we present a five-stage conceptual model explaining how fluid migration from subduction enables the formation of mineral prospects controlled by this fault system. The tomography results correlate with surface data, demonstrating the method's effectiveness for geophysical exploration.

Introduction: The use of psychoactive substances in homeless individuals prolongs their time on the streets and increases the risk of acquiring chronic and infectious diseases. Objective: To identify substances use profiles in homeless individuals. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 368 homeless individuals who attended the Centro Día Program in Itagüí, Antioquia, Colombia. Information related to psychoactive substance use was extracted from clinical records, with prior approval for its use. Profiles of stimulants, depressant, and hallucinogenic or psychoactive substance use affecting the Central Nervous System were created. Prevalence, prevalence ratios, and a multiple correspondence analysis were estimated. Results: A total of 88.3 % of participants were men, with an average age of 41.1 years (SD = 14.8). The prevalence of substance use was identified as 73.9 %, with hallucinogenic or psychoactive (marijuana) and depressants (alcohol) being the most common. The profile analysis showed that single men who had been on the streets for more than 3 months were more likely to consume stimulant and depressant drugs. Conclusions: The persistence of psychoactive substance use, as well as inadequate addiction management, increases social vulnerability, which can exacerbate issues such as begging and criminal behavior.

En este artículo se presentan los resultados preliminares del análisis morfológico y funcional del registro cerámico histórico, en particular lozas y cerámicas vidriadas recuperadas en las intervenciones arqueológicas (prospección sistemática y excavación) del sitio El Juncalillo durante el año 2017. La información obtenida junto a los trabajos de indagación documental histórica e historiográfica, permitieron dar cuenta de su ocupación. Esto posibilitó avanzar en la explicación de los procesos de formación de un sitio que se caracteriza por presentar un registro con amplia distribución horizontal en superficie y baja potencia estratigráfica. El intervalo cronológico de la ocupación abarca desde el siglo XV al siglo XX. Las cerámicas analizadas corresponderían exclusivamente a elementos doméstico, relacionados con actividades de alimentación y juego, en coherencia con la funcionalidad atribuida a la casucha. Se postula el origen regional de las cerámicas vidriadas, posiblemente relacionadas con la producción de los talleres de Mendoza durante los períodos Colonial y Republicano. Las lozas presentan variabilidad de patrones decorativos y su procedencia es europea. Se ha constatado el origen inglés y holandés de algunas piezas a partir de atributos de las decoraciones y marcas de fábrica. El análisis permitió corroborar, tanto la ocupación extendida del predio entre fines del siglo XVIII y primera mitad del XX, como el uso recurrente del sitio. La presencia de ceramios con tecnologías y cronologías diferentes permite confirmar la importancia que tuvo este sistema de refugios en torno al tránsito por el camino internacional, más allá del período Colonial tardío.

IntroductionChronic non-cancer pain affects one-third of the global population. In Chile, its prevalence is estimated at 34%, surpassing the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Its high costs reveal that clinical treatment causes the greatest economic impact, followed by days of work absenteeism.ObjectiveThis study aims to evaluate the impact on resource consumption, quality of life, and pain perception in patients with CNCP, an interdisciplinary approach implemented in Chilean primary care public health.MethodsA concurrent cohort study was conducted with patients aged 25 to 64 with chronic non-cancer musculoskeletal pain. The population studied was 698 patients receiving primary health services in centers with similar size and territorial proximity. The clinical intervention introduced patient-centered care, psychotherapy and physiotherapy from the perspective of the neuroscience of pain. The impact analysis was conducted using negative binomial regression models, generalized linear models, and ordered logistic regressions.ResultsResults show that the patients who were intervened increased the number of physician consultations at primary care (IRR: 1.56; 95% CI 1.30–1.87) and increased medication consumption (coef 2.38; 95% CI 2.10–2.67) compared to control patients. Intervened patients improved their quality of life (COEF 0.14; 95% CI 0.09–0.19), and pain perception was statistically significant. Despite the health system’s structural, cultural, and organizational barriers, the intervention was implemented and consolidated in daily operation, providing learnings for a further scale-up.ConclusionThe study demonstrates that an interdisciplinary approach to chronic non-cancer pain management in Chilean primary care improves quality of life and pain perception while increasing healthcare resource use. Despite system barriers, the intervention was successfully implemented and sustained within patient-centered care. These findings highlight the need for resource reallocation to ensure long-term sustainability and scalability through the public health system.