Production Products (United States)

Different microelectronic processes require very clean surfaces in terms of particulate contamination. Among them, direct wafer bonding has very aggressive requirement in terms of particulate cleanliness. Current work describes development, testing and verification of a single wafer megasonic cleaning method utilizing a transducer design that meets extreme particle neutrality, particle removal efficiency and repeatability requirements of production scale wafer bonding and other very low particle applications. Wafer bonding will also be used as a characterization technique.

Abstract Multiphase metering technology continues to evolve, with significant implications for the oil and gas industry. Current technology is sufficiently capable for some oilfield applications and requires further development for others, particularly low-maintenance measurement of high GVF fluids. This paper discusses a field trial of four commercially available multiphase meters, including the test set-up, meter evaluation criteria, and general conclusions.

Knowledge of the amount of time material spends in a continuous mill in a closed grinding circuit is essential for circuit performance analysis and scale-up design. A convenient method for acquiring this information involves the use of pulse tracers in residence time distribution (RTD) experiments. In typical grinding circuit experiments, RTD measurements are done by injecting a pulse tracer into the mill inlet and detecting it in the circuit exit. In this article, an easy mathematical method for calculating mean residence time and the degree of mixing of material in a mill present in a closed grinding circuit is developed. There are no restrictions on the location of the tracer injection or detection points with this method. Any convenient location in the circuit can be chosen without affecting the residence time distribution measured. The analysis of impulse response data obtained from several commercial grinding circuits using this method is presented.