Przedsiębiorstwo Badań i Doradztwa

The Muslim-Friendly Hotel (MFH) is a concept introduced by the hotel industry to cater for a market segment that seeks accommodations that meet specific characteristics. Despite the increase of MFH establishments worldwide, research in this area is still in its infancy, and this study aims to investigate the immature areas related to MFH research. This study is conducted using the systematic review, following the Reporting Standards for Systematic Evidence Syntheses (ROSES) guidelines. Overall, the themes indicate gaps in current literature as these themes evolved around issues related to hotel facilities, regulations, standardisation, sustainable practice involving environmental issues and guest acceptance.

In light of recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) technology in science, we considered it a useful exercise to investigate whether a large language model (LLM) could provide a reliable and accurate aid to palynological identifications. This paper describes the preparation required to develop a LLM augmented taxonomic key (LATK), and the efficacy of the LATK based on a small corpus of material from the Carboniferous-Permian of the Arabian Plate. The quality of the determination achieved indicates that a LATK may be valuable to palynologists. As in a traditional key, a LATK should not replace the need for students and professionals to use taxonomic literature (for example published diagnoses and descriptions), but a well-designed LATK could be a useful assistant speeding up the work of determination, and could have considerable pedagogic value. It could also help in standardising taxonomic procedures, making taxonomy more consistent and therefore correlation and biostratigraphy more reliable. However, the quality of the LATK depends directly on the quality of learning materials, and at present much of the highest quality learning materials are behind publishers’ paywalls. This is the main barrier to producing very high quality, professional level broadly based LATKs, not the LLM technology itself.

Foraminifera are a species-rich phylum of rhizarian protists that are highly abundant in most marine environments. Molecular methods such as metabarcoding have revealed a high, yet undescribed diversity of Foraminifera. However, so far only one molecular marker, the 18S ribosomal RNA, was available for metabarcoding studies on Foraminifera.

Problematyka badania obejmuje rozwój mobilności współdzielonej w Polsce. Analizie poddano zarówno determinanty rozwoju polityk mobilnościowych w kraju, jak i za granicą. Wyznaczono również bariery oraz tendencje rozwojowe. W opracowaniu wykorzystano następujące metody badawcze: przegląd i krytyczną analizę literatury przedmiotu i opracowań branżowych, analizę statystyczną oraz analizy GIS. Przeprowadzone analizy wskazują jednoznacznie na to, że transport współdzielony systematycznie zyskuje popularność. Uwarunkowane jest to m.in. zmianą podejścia decydentów do rozwoju ośrodków miejskich, obierając w swoich działaniach rozwojowych bardziej zrównoważony kierunek. Transformacja ta zachodzi również w podejściu do rozwoju przestrzenno-funkcjonalnego miast. Obejmuje ona odejście od tradycyjnego modelu projektowania z nastawieniem na użytkowanie samochodów do zwrócenia większej uwagi na potrzeby mieszkańców. Wynika to również ze zmiany postaw i świadomości użytkowników miejskich, którzy dostrzegają negatywny wpływ środowiskowy, wynikający z ich preferencji transportowych. Opracowano i poddano analizie zestawienia statystyczne w krajach Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej. Wyniki wskazują na to, że Polska jest liderem w zakresie wolumenu zainteresowania użytkowników korzystaniem z transportu współdzielonego. Wykorzystano również studium przypadku Trójmiasta do zbadania atrakcyjności usług transportu współdzielonego na jego terenie. Wyznaczono zarówno obszary koncentracji usług współdzielonych, jak i obszary, w których transport publiczny jest niedostatecznie rozwinięty, a mobilność współdzielona może tę lukę uzupełnić.

ENWEndNote BIBJabRef, Mendeley RISPapers, Reference Manager, RefWorks, Zotero AMA Mrozikiewicz-Rakowska B, Jawień A, Sopata M, et al. Podstawowe zasady dezynfekcji oraz postępowania medycznego u chorych z ranami przewlekłymi podczas udzielania świadczeń pozaszpitalnych w czasie pandemii COVID-19. Konsensus Polskiego Towarzystwa Leczenia Ran. Leczenie Ran. 2020;17(1):22-28. doi:10.5114/lr.2020.96821. APA Mrozikiewicz-Rakowska, B., Jawień, A., Sopata, M., Szewczyk, M., Kuberka, I., & Bakowska, M. et al. (2020). Podstawowe zasady dezynfekcji oraz postępowania medycznego u chorych z ranami przewlekłymi podczas udzielania świadczeń pozaszpitalnych w czasie pandemii COVID-19. Konsensus Polskiego Towarzystwa Leczenia Ran. Leczenie Ran, 17(1), 22-28. https://doi.org/10.5114/lr.2020.96821 Chicago Mrozikiewicz-Rakowska, Beata, Arkadiusz Jawień, Maciej Sopata, Maria T. Szewczyk, Izabela Kuberka, Marta Bakowska, and Paulina Mościcka et al. 2020. "Podstawowe zasady dezynfekcji oraz postępowania medycznego u chorych z ranami przewlekłymi podczas udzielania świadczeń pozaszpitalnych w czasie pandemii COVID-19. Konsensus Polskiego Towarzystwa Leczenia Ran". Leczenie Ran 17 (1): 22-28. doi:10.5114/lr.2020.96821. Harvard Mrozikiewicz-Rakowska, B., Jawień, A., Sopata, M., Szewczyk, M., Kuberka, I., Bakowska, M., Mościcka, P., Samson, I., and Augusewicz, Z. (2020). Podstawowe zasady dezynfekcji oraz postępowania medycznego u chorych z ranami przewlekłymi podczas udzielania świadczeń pozaszpitalnych w czasie pandemii COVID-19. Konsensus Polskiego Towarzystwa Leczenia Ran. Leczenie Ran, 17(1), pp.22-28. https://doi.org/10.5114/lr.2020.96821 MLA Mrozikiewicz-Rakowska, Beata et al. "Podstawowe zasady dezynfekcji oraz postępowania medycznego u chorych z ranami przewlekłymi podczas udzielania świadczeń pozaszpitalnych w czasie pandemii COVID-19. Konsensus Polskiego Towarzystwa Leczenia Ran." Leczenie Ran, vol. 17, no. 1, 2020, pp. 22-28. doi:10.5114/lr.2020.96821. Vancouver Mrozikiewicz-Rakowska B, Jawień A, Sopata M, Szewczyk M, Kuberka I, Bakowska M et al. Podstawowe zasady dezynfekcji oraz postępowania medycznego u chorych z ranami przewlekłymi podczas udzielania świadczeń pozaszpitalnych w czasie pandemii COVID-19. Konsensus Polskiego Towarzystwa Leczenia Ran. Leczenie Ran. 2020;17(1):22-28. doi:10.5114/lr.2020.96821.

The subject of the paper is to show the main railway station in Toruń in the light of comparative analyses. Its aim is to bring out the characteristic elements in the superstructure, architectural decoration and interior design of the station and to compare them with a group of twelve other structures of this type located in former East Prussia. These buildings were grouped on the basis of stylistic similarities, but they are also connected by the time of creation, because they were all built in the second half of the nineteenth century. Some of them have not survived to this day, most have been modernised, but the rich photographic record from the turn of the century allows for comparative analysis. Due to the changes that the building of the principal train station in Toruń underwent, its history is briefly presented at the start of this paper. The aim is to highlight the changes that the building underwent during the 159 years of existence; the most important railway building serving passengers in the city.

Abstract. The aim of the presented study was to investigate the impact on the radiation budget of a biomass-burning plume, transported from Alaska to the High Arctic region of Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard, in early July 2015. Since the mean aerosol optical depth increased by the factor of 10 above the average summer background values, this large aerosol load event is considered particularly exceptional in the last 25 years. In situ data with hygroscopic growth equations, as well as remote sensing measurements as inputs to radiative transfer models, were used, in order to estimate biases associated with (i) hygroscopicity, (ii) variability of single-scattering albedo profiles, and (iii) plane-parallel closure of the modelled atmosphere. A chemical weather model with satellite-derived biomass-burning emissions was applied to interpret the transport and transformation pathways. The provided MODTRAN radiative transfer model (RTM) simulations for the smoke event (14:00 9 July–11:30 11 July) resulted in a mean aerosol direct radiative forcing at the levels of −78.9 and −47.0 W m−2 at the surface and at the top of the atmosphere, respectively, for the mean value of aerosol optical depth equal to 0.64 at 550 nm. This corresponded to the average clear-sky direct radiative forcing of −43.3 W m−2, estimated by radiometer and model simulations at the surface. Ultimately, uncertainty associated with the plane-parallel atmosphere approximation altered results by about 2 W m−2. Furthermore, model-derived aerosol direct radiative forcing efficiency reached on average −126 W m-2/τ550 and −71 W m-2/τ550 at the surface and at the top of the atmosphere, respectively. The heating rate, estimated at up to 1.8 K day−1 inside the biomass-burning plume, implied vertical mixing with turbulent kinetic energy of 0.3 m2 s−2.

Abstract. The aim of the presented study was to investigate the impact on the radiation budget of biomass burning smoke plume transported from Alaska to high Arctic region (Ny-Alesund, Svalbard) in early July 2015. This high aerosol load event is considered exceptional in the last 25 years with mean aerosol optical depth increased by the factor of 10 in comparison to the average summer background values. We utilised in-situ data with hygroscopic growth equations as well as remote sensing measurements as inputs to radiative transfer models with an objective to estimate biases associated with (i) hygroscopicity, (ii) variability of ω profiles and (iii) plane-parallel closure of the modelled atmosphere. A chemical weather model with satellite-derived biomass burning emissions was used to interpret the transport and transformations pathways. Provided MODTRAN simulations resulted in the mean aerosol direct radiative forcing on the level of −78.9 W m−2 and −47.0 W m−2 at the surface and the top of the atmosphere respectively for the mean value of aerosol optical depth equal to 0.64 at 550 nm. It corresponded to the average clear-sky direct radiative forcing of −43.3 W m−2 estimated by radiometers and model simulations. Furthermore, model-derived aerosol direct radiative forcing efficiency reached on average −126 W m−2 / τ550 and −71 W m−2 / τ550 at the surface and at the top of the atmosphere. Estimated heating rate up to 1.8 K day−1 inside the BB plume implied vertical mixing with the turbulent kinetic energy of 0.3 m2 s−2. Ultimately, uncertainty connected with the plane-parallel atmosphere approximation altered results by about 2 W m−2.

The Vistula Lagoon is a very shallow basin, endangered by storm surges and man's pressure on its environment. The purpose of the paper is to develop a simple system, enabling short-term forecast of water level elevations and flows in the Lagoon and Baltiysk Strait, which is needed for storm surge prevention, for safe navigation and combating oil and chemical spills in the area. The results of calculations, using 2D Mike 21 system and open boundary conditions from 3D operational model of the whole Baltic Sea, HIROMB, are encouraging, but the model still needs thorough calibration based on more measurement data.

Article in French. ORIGINAL TITLE: Des replats de cryoturbation au Pays de Galles; une variete geante de sols en guirlandes In mid-Wales, distinct terrace features have been observed, particularly in the Llanidloes area, Llanfair Caereinion, and the Gerniog, Cledan, Colwyn, and Nodwydd river valleys. These terraces form a stepped pattern on slopes of 2.5°–8°, with convex surfaces 2–15 m high and 50–200 m in diameter. They are composed of poorly sorted material, and the imbrication—perpendicular at the front and parallel within the terrace—indicates mass movement that contributed to their formation. These terraces cannot be the result of agricultural activity or geological structure. They are considered periglacial features, very similar to the Arctic and Alaskan features described by Capps and Taber. Their predominantly easterly exposure suggests formation by nival processes, when westerly winds caused snow to accumulate on the leeward sides of the hills. In a later stage, slow mass movement formed the layered shape of the terraces and the characteristic arrangement of stones.