Psychology Software Tools (United States)

Background and AimsAbdominal pain is a chronic condition experienced by approximately 20% of individuals in the United States. The purpose of the study was to assess the validity of the Gastrointestinal Pain Pointer as a measure of abdominal pain intensity.MethodsA prospective longitudinal time-series study design was utilized. The sample included 93 outpatients (58.1% female). Participants met Rome III criteria for Irritable Bowel Syndrome (n = 32) or were healthy controls (n = 61). The Gastrointestinal Pain Pointer, a new electronic pain assessment tool, was used to assess self-reported abdominal pain intensity among participants before and after ingestion of an intestinal permeability test solution across 11 time points over a five hour time period. The results were compared with the Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire.ResultsThe Gastrointestinal Pain Pointer was found to be valid in the assessment of abdominal pain intensity.ConclusionThe tool is a novel and valid measure of abdominal pain intensity which enhances the ability for clinicians to better quantify, in real time, patient-related pain outcomes for both clinical care and research.

This investigation examined the relationship between teachers’ beliefs and their preferences for classroom interventions for behaviours consistent with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Teacher ratings of intervention acceptability, effectiveness, and rate of change were compared across United States and New Zealand samples. Beliefs examined were personal teaching efficacy, general teaching efficacy, and pupil control ideology (PCI). Samples were compared regarding their preferences for the daily report card, response cost technique, classroom lottery, and medication as classroom strategies for managing ADHD-related behavioural concerns. Data were analysed using general linear modelling techniques, and an interaction was demonstrated between ADHD intervention x PCI x nationality. Differences were observed for ADHD interventions across samples based upon pupil control orientations. Implications for educators and their classroom practices are discussed.

Um Software verantwortungsbewusst in den Markt zu bringen, muss sie ebenso wie andere Produkte dem Stand der Technik entsprechen. Das zwingt zur Arbeit mit Normen, z.B. der IEC 61508 oder ISO 26262, denn sie reprasentieren diesen Stand der Technik, insbesondere fur sicherheitsgerichtete Software.

Component-based software engineering (CBSE) poses challenges for predicting and evaluating software performance but also offers several advantages. Software performance engineering can benefit from CBSE ideas and concepts. The MediaStore, a fictional system, demonstrates how to achieve compositional reasoning about software performance.

Efficient multicast communication provides a good opportunity for scaling bandwidth intensive application. Current multicast routing involves selection of a core also known as the rendezvous point through which most of the multicast communication is routed. The purpose of this paper is to study the performance impact of migration techniques. Several studies were performed on heuristics to choose a good core but none of them presents and implements the migration itself. Moreover, by using active networking architecture, we are able to adapt our multicast protocol to the application needs. Indeed, the application may provide the cost function used to evaluate the "quality" of the multicast tree. Experimental results reveal that active multicast routing with migration performs well and uses network resources in a very efficient way.

Special issue: Graph Decompositions A complementation operation on a vertex of a digraph changes all outgoing arcs into non-arcs, and outgoing non-arcs into arcs. This defines an equivalence relation where two digraphs are equivalent if one can be obtained from the other by a sequence of such operations. We show that given an adjacency-list representation of a digraph G, many fundamental graph algorithms can be carried out on any member G' of G's equivalence class in O(n+m) time, where m is the number of arcs in G, not the number of arcs in G' . This may have advantages when G' is much larger than G. We use this to generalize to digraphs a simple O(n + m log n) algorithm of McConnell and Spinrad for finding the modular decomposition of undirected graphs. A key step is finding the strongly-connected components of a digraph F in G's equivalence class, where F may have ~(m log n) arcs.

Today armed conflicts may be played out in a matter of days rather than years as in the past. The superior weapons that make this possible are highly sophisticated and complex. The price tag of these weapons may run into billions of dollars which requires the purchase and maintenance of fewer end items than in the past. Now, more than ever in history, major end item readiness is a determining factor in our ability to win an armed conflict. Major end item readiness relies on the ability to keep the fleet of tanks, planes, ships, or missiles, maintained and ready for use and the ability to quickly repair any item damaged in service and bring it quickly back into play. Meeting this goal, however, has increased in difficulty exponentially in recent decades. Causes of this increase in difficulty include the number of different major end items in existence today, the number and geographic dispersion of the maintenance depots, and the number of vendors supplying components for each of these items. As always, the key to meeting these logistics goals is information. Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) is a viable technology to help the DOD meet these challenges today.

From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mount Vernon Hospital, Mount Vernon, N. Y. The author wishes to express his gratitude to Drs. George J. Sharnoff and William B. Ober, who reviewed the many histologic sections and the manuscript. Submitted for publication May 15, 1967.