RISE Research Institutes of Sweden

A week-long home-use study catalogued the experiences of 145 consumers in Sweden, selected for their intent to increase their own consumption of plant-based products, as they attempted to integrate a provided selection of plant-based dairy alternatives (PBDAs) into their daily lives. For behavioural change to occur, it is thought that capability, opportunity, and motivation are needed (COM-B model). By giving consumers opportunity through provision of seven PBDAs to use at home, this study attempted to isolate and explore their described capability and motivation to change their dietary behaviours. Given free-reign to try the products in whichever manner they preferred, participants qualitatively logged their thoughts about the products and, if they would not choose to use them again, described their reasoning. Responses were analysed thematically through the lens of the COM-B model of behavioural change. The main themes identified, expectations, direct comparisons, sensory experience , and functional experience were modified by two subthemes : prior experience and uncertainty . This showed that participants relied on their understanding of their own ‘normal’ product use to contextualise their experiences with the new products. Direct sensory and functional comparison to the analogous dairy product often influenced acceptance or rejection. However, previous experience with other dairy replacements also shaped expectations, reflecting the increased social normality of these products. Motivation to continue using a product was often related to a feeling of pleasant surprise upon testing it: creating an updated experience, and thus expectation, for future consumption. Strategies for positively shaping consumer expectations are discussed.

Autistic persons experience problems with movements and body awareness in everyday functionality, expressed in affected movement quality. Yet, there is a knowledge gap about the effects of interventions targeting these aspects in autistic persons. To evaluate effects of Basic Body Awareness Therapy (BBAT) and treatment-as-usual (TAU), compared to TAU alone on movement quality in autistic persons. In this pragmatic RCT, autistic persons with no intellectual disorder, 15-30 years old and in contact with habilitation services, were randomized to an intervention group (IG) (n=28, 22 females) or a control group (CG) (n=29, 21 females). The IG received 12 sessions of individual BBAT and TAU, the CG received TAU. Primary outcome was a person-reported measure of an individualized movement quality problem, using a numeric rating scale (NRS). Secondary outcome was Body Awareness Scale Movement Quality (BAS MQ), i.e., scored physiotherapist observations. Between- and within-group analyses, and individual one-sided t-tests were performed. Comparing the between-group changes in NRS and BAS MQ after 12 weeks, the differences were statistically significant in favor of the IG (p<0.001). Within-group analyses: the IG had statistically significant improvements on both outcomes (p<0.001), the CG had not. Individually in the IG, 54% of the participants improved significantly in NRS and 41% in BAS MQ. In the CG, the corresponding numbers were 10% and 7%, respectively. BBAT and TAU were superior to TAU alone for improving movement quality. BBAT is a relevant intervention for autistic young adults to improve everyday functionality. Clinical Trials NCT0323876.

The stability of therapeutic proteins is crucial for maintaining their efficacy and safety. Misfolded or aggregated proteins can accelerate aggregation by a seeding effect, altering protein stability and interactions. Heat-induced aggregates can pose a risk because they can have perturbed structures that expose aggregate-prone regions. This study explored seeding by heat-induced protein aggregates on the stability and aggregation of two therapeutic proteins, human growth hormone (hGH) and a monoclonal Antibody (Antibody A), during storage of two weeks at three relevant temperatures of 4 °C, room temperature (RT, 21-23 °C), and 40 °C. Grwoth of aggregates were seen in the sub-micron-sized aggregates by Dynamic Light Scattering at 4 °C or RT. Furthermore, heated Antibody A showed signs of reversibility of higher-order structure after storage. Samples stored at 4 °C and RT showed similar stability and aggregation behaviour. While two weeks of storage at 40 °C accelerated the structural degradation of both proteins, it did not accelerate aggregation or particle formation for either hGH or Antibody A.

• Peracetic acid produces aspen holocellulose fibers preserving hemicellulose in 5 h. • Short aspen fibers match spruce strength in high-density holocellulose networks. • Critical fiber length explains fiber dimension insignificance in dense networks. • High interfiber shear strength causes fiber fractures, not pull-out at failure. • Holocellulose networks offer potential for recyclability with minimal fiber degradation. Mechanical behavior of high-density oriented spruce and aspen fiber networks from mildly delignified holocellulose fibers is investigated. Such recyclable, eco-friendly fiber networks are of interest for molded fiber materials and biocomposites. The aspen holocellulose fiber network showed excellent mechanical properties comparable to spruce despite much shorter fiber length. This contrasts with lower density “paper” structures from short fibers which show lower strength than spruce fiber networks. Present results are explained by improved interfiber shear strength and reduced critical fiber length. Microstructures and damage mechanisms were analyzed for materials design purposes using FE-SEM, wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) and tensile testing with strain-field measurements using Digital Image Correlation (DIC).

This study investigates how artificial intelligence (AI), when deployed under sustainability-oriented policy regimes (e.g., the EU AI Act, CSRD, and the U.S. SEC climate disclosure rule), is catalyzing a shift in corporate governance toward stakeholder accountability. Using a curated corpus of seven open-access regulatory and policy texts, we apply a triangulated approach, corpus linguistics (AntConc) and semantic network analysis (InfraNodus), to map how disclosure, risk, assurance, and stakeholder terms structure the discourse. Robustness checks across three stopword specifications (Spec A/B/C) and phrase-level evidence (N-grams/KWIC) corroborate the centrality of disclosure/report/assurance and the conditional peripherality of transparency/accountability. We propose the AI-Policy-Governance Nexus, a conceptual model explaining how regulatory pressure and AI integration reconfigure governance practices beyond compliance. The findings inform strategy, policy design, and future empirical work on AI-enabled ESG systems. • Analyze seven EU/U.S./OECD/ASEAN AI–sustainability texts using AntConc + InfraNodus. • Find cross-regional convergence on disclosure, risk, and assurance as governance anchors. • Show robustness across Spec A/B/C stopword settings and phrase-level (N-gram/KWIC) evidence. • Introduce the AI-Policy-Governance Nexus linking regulation .→ AI integration → governance shift. • Clarify when transparency/accountability appear “peripheral” as a pipeline-dependent artifact.

In this work, fast pyrolysis bio-oil (FPBO) has been hydroprocessed in a continuous pilot scale slurry process utilizing unsupported molybdenum sulfide catalyst with the aim of producing a partially upgraded oil product suitable for processing in conventional fixed bed hydrotreaters into final hydrocarbons. Screening of process parameters in the slurry-process revealed that changes in reaction pressure (70–140 bar) had minimal effect on the amount of H 2 consumed, while increases in temperature (350–390 °C) or catalyst loading (0.25–0.5 wt% Mo) resulted in increased H 2 -consumption. A higher level of H 2 -consumption was, in turn, strongly linked to improved properties, but reduced yield, of the oil product. Recirculation of used slurry catalyst back to the process was also demonstrated in continuous operation of the pilot plant for over 60 h and ten reactor passes of the catalyst. Although an initial decrease in the catalytic activity was observed, the catalyst quickly attained a stable and still relatively high performance. The results show that, using the slurry-process, it is possible to obtain a partially upgraded FPBO with significantly improved properties, such as low coke formation tendencies and minimal levels of inorganics. • Slurry hydroprocessing was used to stabilize fast pyrolysis bio-oil. • Results were primarily affected by reaction temperature and catalyst concentration. • Hydrogen consumption correlated strongly with the product yields and properties. • Successful recovery and reuse of slurry catalyst was demonstrated.

Abstract Doublet fluorescence at 304 and 325‐nm under deep ultraviolet (DUV) excitation was detected on Mars at Jezero crater by the Scanning Habitable Environments with Raman and Luminescence for Organics and Chemicals (SHERLOC) instrument onboard the Mars 2020 rover Perseverance . The doublet was associated with CaSO 4 phases and sourced to organic molecules as the preferred interpretation (Sharma et al., 2023, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586‐023‐06143‐z ). Reported here are coordinated analyses of terrestrial volcanogenic samples that have, under DUV excitation, intrinsic 304 and 325‐nm fluorescence whose origin is tightly sourced to anhydrite:Ce 3+ (trace‐Ce 3+ for Ca 2+ substitution in natural anhydrous CaSO 4 ). Thermal decomposition products of natural volcanogenic gypsum (CaSO 4 ·2H 2 O) and sedimentary glauberite (Na 2 Ca(SO 4 ) 2 ) by aerial heating at more than 450°C and more than 600°C, respectively, are also characterized by 304 and 325‐nm fluorescence doublets that are sourced from anhydrite:Ce 3+ thermal decomposition products. The 304 and 325‐nm doublet fluorescence detected by SHERLOC is fully explainable by inorganic anhydrite:Ce 3+ resulting from geogenic processes. The volcanogenic samples are products of leaching and precipitation in hydrothermal environments. Leachates can precipitate in many ways, including intimate or proximal contact with residues and, after aqueous transport, as vein precipitate, fracture fill, and evaporite deposits. Equivalent considerations extend to hydrothermalism driven by impact melts and other thermal sources. Laboratory thermal decomposition of progenitor phases to anhydrite:Ce 3+ is an analogous process for contact and burial metamorphism. The coordinated analysis approach additionally includes major element and REE abundances (X‐ray fluorescence and inductive coupled plasma—mass spectrometry), X‐ray diffraction, DUV Raman spectroscopy, and thermal analysis (thermal gravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, and evolved gas analysis).

ABSTRACT As software applications get increasingly connected and complex, cybersecurity becomes more and more important to consider during development and evaluation. Software engineers need to be aware of various security threats and the countermeasures that can be taken to mitigate them. Currently, there is a lack of guidance for software engineers aiming to develop secure web applications. We conducted a design science research study, resulting in a set of guidelines to aid software engineers in developing secure web applications. The set of guidelines was constructed based on interview data with 10 industry practitioners. These guidelines were then evaluated using a survey with 28 respondents. Additionally, we conducted experiments in which we provided a large language model with our guidelines and vulnerability reports as input. The large language model should extend the given vulnerability reports by recommending which of our guidelines can help prevent the given vulnerability in the future. The extended reports were evaluated by two external researchers experienced in cyber security and one author. Our results indicate that developers consider using these proposed guidelines for the development and assessment of secure web applications in different stages of the software development lifecycle. Our results also show that it is possible to automatically enhance vulnerability reports to support developers meaningfully and that the guidelines recommended by the large language model are useful to prevent the respective vulnerabilities in the future.

• The removal of the Swedish EV subsidy led to a sharp increase in EV-leasing prices. • Without the subsidy EVs have become the most expensive leasing option. • Private leasing of EVs decreased when the subsidy was removed. • Private leasing was central for lightweight EVs and low-income groups. • EV acquisition by organisations was not impacted by the subsidy removal. To reach climate goals in the transport sector the pace of electrification needs to speed up. Sweden has one of the highest shares of electric vehicles (EV) in the world, and 45% of the EV fleet operates under leasing agreements. In 2018, the Swedish government introduced a bonus for low emission cars and a taxation on fossil-fuelled vehicles. The bonus was however eliminated in November 2022, effective immediately. We show that this led to a significant decline in private leasing of EVs while other market segments remained stable. Private leasing played a key role in expanding the stock of lightweight EVs and dominated new EV registrations among low-income households, which declined following the bonus withdrawal. We also show that the subsidy removal led to a significant increase in EV-leasing prices, making EVs the most expensive option across price segments.