Regional Institute of Medical Sciences

Thyroid hormones, namely triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), serve as pivotal regulators of energy metabolism and are subject to variation based on sex and adiposity. This study aimed to elucidate the function of thyroid hormones in metabolic regulation and potential for clinical applications. A cross-sectional study was performed at the Department of Physiology, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, from September 2023 to June 2024, involving 168 healthy adults aged 20-60 years. Anthropometric parameters such as body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist-hip ratio (WHR) were assessed. Serum concentrations of TSH, T3 and T4 were quantified via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Participants were categorised according to BMI (normal, overweight and obese), WC and WHR thresholds established by World Health Organisation and Asian Indian criteria. Statistical evaluations employed t-tests, ANOVA and Pearson's correlation, with significance established at P < 0.05. Males demonstrated larger body size compared to females, with no significant difference observed in BMI and thyroid hormones. Increased BMI, WC and WHR correlated with higher serum levels of TSH and T3 levels, while T4 showed minimal variation. Strong positive correlations were found between BMI and TSH (r = 0.46, P = 0.00) and T3 (r = 0.60, P = 0.00) across the total cohort. This investigation demonstrates a significant correlation between adiposity markers and higher thyroid hormone concentrations, notably TSH and T3, indicating adaptive mechanisms to increased fat mass. These results highlight the necessity of taking into account for sex-specific anthropometric variations and central obesity metrics such as WHR in assessing thyroid function.

Abstract Chronic abdominal pain associated with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) is often difficult to treat. Image-guided sympathetic interventions—particularly celiac plexus neurolysis (CPN) and thoracic splanchnic nerve radiofrequency ablation (RFA)—have shown benefits in pancreatic and upper abdominal visceral pain. A 42-year-old man with EPI, type 1 diabetes mellitus, and Von Willebrand disease presented with 3 years of severe upper abdominal pain radiating to the back. Conservative therapy, including enzyme replacement and analgesics, was ineffective. He underwent ultrasound-guided CPN followed by fluoroscopic thoracic splanchnic RFA. Although the patient had a history of Von Willebrand disease, his coagulation profile (prothrombin time/international normalized ratio, activated partial thromboplastin time, and platelet count) was normal at the time of the procedure following hematology optimization. Immediate pain relief exceeded 50%. At 2 weeks, the patient had sustained 50% improvement, significantly improved sleep, and complete cessation of all analgesics. No complications occurred. Combined sympathetic intervention CPN and splanchnic RFA offered effective and durable pain control in a case unresponsive to conventional therapy.

A BSTRACT We present the case of a 38-year-old male with right lower abdominal pain, initially diagnosed as an appendicular abscess via ultrasonography. Intraoperative findings revealed a firm 7 cm × 5 cm mass arising from the cecal wall, raising suspicion of malignancy, with the appendix not visualized. Given the patient’s young age and lack of preoperative evidence of carcinoma, an incisional biopsy was performed instead of radical resection. Histopathology revealed fat necrosis, ruling out malignancy. This conservative approach prevented unnecessary morbidity from major procedures such as right hemicolectomy or ileostomy. This case underscores the importance of cautious intraoperative decision-making and histopathological confirmation in atypical intra-abdominal masses to avoid overtreatment, particularly in young patients.

ABSTRACTBackground:The prevalence of dental caries requires pediatric dentistry to pursue efficient preventive methods to tackle the problem. Multiple research has explored the fluoride varnish effectiveness for remineralization, yet the results show contrasting findings. The proposed research evaluates the effectiveness by which different fluoride varnishes can remineralize primary teeth with demineralized enamel.Materials and Methods:A total of sixty extracted primary teeth received artificial enamel lesions under randomized selection that split them into four groups numbering fifteen specimens each for Groups A and B and C and D. The pH cycling procedure was applied to the samples for 14 days. Metabolic testing of surface microhardness took place using a Vickers hardness tester before initiating treatment and after completion. The research used ANOVA statistical analysis together with posthoc tests while setting the significance threshold at P < 0.05.Results:The application of fluoride varnishes in all test groups produced substantial increases in surface microhardness values than those observed in the control group. The highest level of tooth remineralization occurred in Group A where the restoration increased by 45%, while Group B achieved 38% and Group C gained 30%. The control group experienced inferior dental improvements compared with the experimental groups having only a 5% hard tissue increase. The results demonstrated that Group A obtained superior values compared with other groups, while statistical findings indicated a significant group variation with P < 0.001.Conclusion:The highest level of primary tooth remineralization occurs when using 5% sodium fluoride varnish as an effective preventive treatment. Tricalcium phosphate and amorphous calcium phosphate fluoride varnishes demonstrated strong effectiveness in addition to 5% sodium fluoride varnish. Research findings demonstrate that fluoride varnishes need to be considered a fundamental approach for handling young children’s early enamel lesion management.

ABSTRACT Background: With the coming of the New Criminal Laws 2023, which came into effect on July 1, 2024, major changes and additions in various laws, including medicolegal cases (MLCs), have come into full swing. Awareness of the interns in regard to the new laws and various other medicolegal knowledge, and the updates, is of prior importance in the clinical as well as nonclinical settings in all medical institutes. As an internship is the stage where MLCs are first faced head-on, this study will be conducted among the interns to assess their understanding, applicability, and recent updates of medicolegal knowledge. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the medicolegal knowledge among 164 interns of the Regional Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS) during May 2025–July 2025. Results: A total of 164 interns were assessed for the adequacy of medicolegal knowledge, and it was found that 58 participants (35.4%) had adequate knowledge with a score of ≥10, that is, ≥50%, and 106 participants (64.6%) had inadequate knowledge with a score of &lt;10, that is, &lt;50%. Out of all the interns, 92 (56.1%) had completed an internship in Forensic Medicine and Toxicology (FMT), and 72 (43.9%) had not yet undergone the compulsory rotatory posting in FMT. Of the total interns, only 34.1% had adequate knowledge about postmortem examination, 50.3% had adequate knowledge about consent in medical practice, 25% were well updated with the medicolegal systems, 28% had good knowledge about medical records, and 30.5% were aware of the Consumer Protection Act. Conclusion: Medical interns of RIMS Imphal, Manipur, India, have inadequate medicolegal knowledge and meticulous training for undergraduates, especially for the interns is of utmost urgency. Addressing the issue of inadequate medicolegal knowledge and its application in medical practice should be dealt with promptly. Decreased confidence in handling MLCs by medical professionals can be countered with increased awareness, workshops, frequent conferences, and discussions.

Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is known for good sealing and also for its biocompatibility. However, limitations such as extendedsetting time and potential leakage persist. Therefore, it is of interest to compare the sealing efficacy of titanium-doped MTA andconventional MTA in the repair of access perforations using in vitro dye penetration model fourty extracted humanmandibular premolars were used. Titanium-doped MTA showed significantly less dye penetration (mean 0.92 mm) compared to conventional MTA(mean 1.46 mm) (p = 0.001), indicating superior sealing efficacy. Thus, Titanium-doped MTA demonstrates better sealing capability thanconventional MTA and may serve as an improved material for perforation repair.

Lugol's iodine (LI) is recognized for its diagnostic efficacy in identifying and delineating sufficient margins of the biopsy region.Therefore, it is of interest to evaluate the variance in excision margins between visual assessment and LI as well as to histopathologicallyanalyze the disease-free margin post-excision. The diameters of the lesions were statistically compared before and after the applicationof LI in 18 male patients. The histopathological report was assessed for disease-free margins. Data shows that LI stain is an essentialmethod for assessing the progression/excision margins of suspicious oral lesions, hence aiding in the early identification of oralcancer.